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Title: The paradox of the tight spiral pass in American football: A simple resolution

Journal Article · · American Journal of Physics
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1119/10.0001388 · OSTI ID:1716597
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  2. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (United States)

An American football is a rotationally symmetric object, which, when well-thrown, spins rapidly around its symmetry axis. In the absence of aerodynamic effects, the football would be a torque-free gyroscope and the symmetry/spin axis would remain pointing in a fixed direction in space as the football moved on its parabolic path. When a pass is well-thrown through the atmosphere, however, the symmetry axis remains—at least approximately—tangent to the path of motion. The rotation of the symmetry axis must be due to aerodynamic torque; yet, that torque, at first glance, would seem to have precisely the opposite effect. In this work, we explain the action of aerodynamics on the ball's orientation at second glance.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344; PHY1806771
OSTI ID:
1716597
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-809624; 1016047
Journal Information:
American Journal of Physics, Vol. 88, Issue 9; ISSN 0002-9505
Publisher:
American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English