Title: X-ray study of the double source plane gravitational lens system Eye of Horus observed with XMM–Newton

Abstract

ABSTRACT A double source plane (DSP) system is a precious probe for the density profile of distant galaxies and cosmological parameters. However, these measurements could be affected by the surrounding environment of the lens galaxy. Thus, it is important to evaluate the cluster-scale mass for detailed mass modelling. We observed the Eye of Horus, a DSP system discovered by the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Survey (HSC–SSP), with XMM–Newton. We detected two X-ray extended emissions, originating from two clusters, one centred at the Eye of Horus, and the other located ∼100 arcsec north-east to the Eye of Horus. We determined the dynamical mass assuming hydrostatic equilibrium, and evaluated their contributions to the lens mass interior of the Einstein radius. The contribution of the former cluster is $$1.1^{+1.2}_{-0.5}\times 10^{12}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$$, which is $$21\!-\!76{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$$ of the total mass within the Einstein radius. The discrepancy is likely due to the complex gravitational structure along the line of sight. On the other hand, the contribution of the latter cluster is only $$\sim 2{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$$ on the Eye of Horus. Therefore, the influence associated with this cluster can be ignored.

Authors:

Tanaka, Keigo ^[1]; Tsuji, Ayumi ^[1]; Akamatsu, Hiroki ^[2]; Chan, J. H. H.  ^[3];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-8797-725X"

Coupon, Jean ^[4]; Egami, Eiichi ^[5]; Finet, Francois ^[6]; Fujimoto, Ryuichi ^[7]; Ichinohe, Yuto  ^[8];

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Jaelani, Anton T.  ^[9];

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Lee, Chien-Hsiu ^[6]; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki ^[10]; More, Anupreeta  ^[11];

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More, Surhud ^[12]; Oguri, Masamune ^[13]; Okabe, Nobuhiro  ^[14];

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Ota, Naomi  ^[15];

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Rusu, Cristian E.  ^[6];

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Sonnenfeld, Alessandro  ^[12];

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Tanaka, Masayuki ^[16] more »; Ueda, Shutaro ^[17]; Wong, Kenneth C. ^[18] « less

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Ishikawa, Japan
2. SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, the Netherlands
3. Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
4. Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. dÉcogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
5. Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
6. Subaru Telescope, NAOJ, 650 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
7. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Ishikawa, Japan
8. Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Nishi Ikebukuro 3-34-1, Toshimaku, 171-8501, Tokyo, Japan
9. Department of Physics, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502 Osaka, Japan
10. Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
11. Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, 411 007 Pune, India
12. Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8583 Chiba, Japan
13. Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8583 Chiba, Japan, Research Center for the Early Universe, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan, Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
14. Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526 Hiroshima, Japan
15. Department of Physics, Nara Women’s University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, 630-8506 Nara, Japan
16. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, 181-8588 Tokyo, Japan
17. Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA), No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
18. Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8583 Chiba, Japan, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, 181-8588 Tokyo, Japan

Publication Date:

Fri Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2019

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE

OSTI Identifier:

1714385

Resource Type:

Published Article

Journal Name:

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 491 Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:

Oxford University Press

Country of Publication:

United Kingdom

Language:

English