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Title: Deep eutectic solvents in separations: Methods of preparation, polarity, and applications in extractions and capillary electrochromatography

Abstract

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as alternatives to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). Their tunable and designer physio-chemical properties, low cost, and ease of preparation make them attractive solvent systems for use in extractions and additives to chromatographic separations. However, due to the diverse range of hydrogen bond acceptors and donors that comprise DESs, choosing the appropriate solvent for separations can be challenging. This work discusses all methods of DES preparation and details their advantages and disadvantages. Since polarity is an important aspect in their use in separations, the classification of DESs based on the betaine dye and nile red scales as well as Kamlet-Taft parameters is also discussed. Finally, a summary of applications of DESs in various extraction processes (phenolics, fuels, metals, proteins, carbohydrates), solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, as well as capillary electrochromatography is provided.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Ames Lab., and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division; USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1712674
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1775878
Report Number(s):
IS-J-10,360
Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9673
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11358
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Chromatography
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 1633; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-9673
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; deep eutectic solvents; separation science; preparation methods; polarity; extractions; capillary electrochromatography

Citation Formats

Farooq, Muhammad Qamar, Abbasi, Nabeel Mujtaba, and Anderson, Jared L. Deep eutectic solvents in separations: Methods of preparation, polarity, and applications in extractions and capillary electrochromatography. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461613.
Farooq, Muhammad Qamar, Abbasi, Nabeel Mujtaba, & Anderson, Jared L. Deep eutectic solvents in separations: Methods of preparation, polarity, and applications in extractions and capillary electrochromatography. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461613
Farooq, Muhammad Qamar, Abbasi, Nabeel Mujtaba, and Anderson, Jared L. Sun . "Deep eutectic solvents in separations: Methods of preparation, polarity, and applications in extractions and capillary electrochromatography". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461613. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1712674.
@article{osti_1712674,
title = {Deep eutectic solvents in separations: Methods of preparation, polarity, and applications in extractions and capillary electrochromatography},
author = {Farooq, Muhammad Qamar and Abbasi, Nabeel Mujtaba and Anderson, Jared L.},
abstractNote = {Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as alternatives to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). Their tunable and designer physio-chemical properties, low cost, and ease of preparation make them attractive solvent systems for use in extractions and additives to chromatographic separations. However, due to the diverse range of hydrogen bond acceptors and donors that comprise DESs, choosing the appropriate solvent for separations can be challenging. This work discusses all methods of DES preparation and details their advantages and disadvantages. Since polarity is an important aspect in their use in separations, the classification of DESs based on the betaine dye and nile red scales as well as Kamlet-Taft parameters is also discussed. Finally, a summary of applications of DESs in various extraction processes (phenolics, fuels, metals, proteins, carbohydrates), solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, as well as capillary electrochromatography is provided.},
doi = {10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461613},
journal = {Journal of Chromatography},
number = ,
volume = 1633,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Sun Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}

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Separation of phenol from model oils with quaternary ammonium saltsvia forming deep eutectic solvents
journal, January 2013


Deep eutectic solvents as novel extraction media for phenolic compounds from model oil
journal, January 2014

  • Gu, Tongnian; Zhang, Mingliang; Tan, Ting
  • Chem. Commun., Vol. 50, Issue 79
  • DOI: 10.1039/C4CC04661G

Separation of phenol and pyridine from coal tar via liquid–liquid extraction using deep eutectic solvents
journal, May 2019


Preparation and determination of phenolic compounds from Pyrola incarnata Fisch. with a green polyols based-deep eutectic solvent
journal, July 2015


Electrocatalytic recovery of elements from complex mixtures using deep eutectic solvents
journal, January 2015

  • Abbott, Andrew P.; Harris, Robert C.; Holyoak, Fay
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 17, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1039/C4GC02246G

Effects of thiol substitution in deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) as solvents for metal oxides
journal, January 2020

  • Damilano, Giacomo; Laitinen, Antero; Willberg-Keyriläinen, Pia
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 10, Issue 39
  • DOI: 10.1039/D0RA03696J

Removal of alkali and transition metal ions from water with hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents
journal, January 2016

  • van Osch, Dannie J. G. P.; Parmentier, Dries; Dietz, Carin H. J. T.
  • Chemical Communications, Vol. 52, Issue 80
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6CC06105B

Use of deep eutectic solvent as extractant for separation of Fe (III) and Mn (II) from aqueous solution
journal, September 2018


Highly efficient extraction/separation of Cr (VI) by a new family of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents
journal, February 2020


Non-ionic hydrophobic eutectics – versatile solvents for tailored metal separation and valorisation
journal, January 2020

  • Schaeffer, Nicolas; Conceição, João H. F.; Martins, Mónia A. R.
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1039/D0GC00793E

A novel digestion method based on a choline chloride–oxalic acid deep eutectic solvent for determining Cu, Fe, and Zn in fish samples
journal, January 2013


Ultra-fast microwave-assisted digestion in choline chloride–oxalic acid deep eutectic solvent for determining Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn in marine biological samples
journal, January 2014

  • Ghanemi, Kamal; Navidi, Mohammad-Amin; Fallah-Mehrjardi, Mehdi
  • Anal. Methods, Vol. 6, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1039/C3AY41843J

Deep eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of Li-ion batteries
journal, April 2019


Solvometallurgical recovery of cobalt from lithium-ion battery cathode materials using deep-eutectic solvents
journal, January 2020

  • Peeters, Nand; Binnemans, Koen; Riaño, Sofía
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1039/D0GC00940G

Highly Efficient p-Toluenesulfonic Acid-Based Deep-Eutectic Solvents for Cathode Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries
journal, March 2020

  • Roldán-Ruiz, María Jesús; Ferrer, María Luisa; Gutiérrez, María Concepción
  • ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 14
  • DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c00892

Separation of rare earths and other valuable metals from deep-eutectic solvents: a new alternative for the recycling of used NdFeB magnets
journal, January 2017

  • Riaño, Sofía; Petranikova, Martina; Onghena, Bieke
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 51
  • DOI: 10.1039/C7RA06540J

Efficient Recovery of End-of-Life NdFeB Permanent Magnets by Selective Leaching with Deep Eutectic Solvents
journal, July 2020

  • Liu, Chuanying; Yan, Qibin; Zhang, Xingwang
  • Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 54, Issue 16
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03278

Processing of Electric Arc Furnace Dust using Deep Eutectic Solvents
journal, January 2009

  • Abbott, Andrew P.; Collins, John; Dalrymple, Ian
  • Australian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 62, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1071/CH08476

Recycling of cupola furnace dust: Extraction and electrodeposition of zinc in deep eutectic solvents
journal, January 2019


Deep eutectic solvents as extraction media for metal salts and oxides exemplarily shown for phosphates from incinerated sewage sludge ash
journal, January 2019

  • Söldner, Anika; Zach, Julia; König, Burkhard
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1039/C8GC02702A

Direct extraction of copper from copper sulfide minerals using deep eutectic solvents
journal, January 2019

  • Anggara, Syahrie; Bevan, Francesca; Harris, Robert C.
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 21, Issue 23
  • DOI: 10.1039/C9GC03213D

Recovery of gold from hydrochloric medium by deep eutectic solvents based on quaternary ammonium salts
journal, September 2019


Selective recovery of zinc from zinc oxide dust using choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents
journal, October 2019

  • Zhu, Xiao-lin; Xu, Cun-ying; Tang, Jie
  • Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, Vol. 29, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(19)65128-9

Leaching and Selective Extraction of Indium and Tin from Zinc Flue Dust Using an Oxalic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent
journal, January 2019


Electrodialytic removal of tungsten and arsenic from secondary mine resources — Deep eutectic solvents enhancement
journal, March 2020


Recovery of yttrium and europium from spent fluorescent lamps using pure levulinic acid and the deep eutectic solvent levulinic acid–choline chloride
journal, January 2020

  • Pateli, Ioanna M.; Abbott, Andrew P.; Binnemans, Koen
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 10, Issue 48
  • DOI: 10.1039/D0RA05508E

Selective recovery of zinc from goethite residue in the zinc industry using deep-eutectic solvents
journal, January 2020

  • Rodriguez Rodriguez, Nerea; Machiels, Lieven; Onghena, Bieke
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 10, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1039/D0RA00277A

Deep desulfurization of fuels based on an oxidation/extraction process with acidic deep eutectic solvents
journal, January 2015

  • Yin, Jingmei; Wang, Jinping; Li, Zhuo
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 17, Issue 9
  • DOI: 10.1039/C5GC00709G

Deep eutectic solvents based highly efficient extractive desulfurization of fuels – Eco-friendly approach
journal, December 2019


Molecular dynamics simulations on extractive desulfurization of fuels by tetrabutylammonium chloride based Deep Eutectic Solvents
journal, January 2019


One-pot oxidative desulfurization of fuels using dual-acidic deep eutectic solvents
journal, April 2020


Extractive desulfurization of fuels using diglycol based deep eutectic solvents
journal, October 2020

  • Jha, Divyam; Haider, Mohd Belal; Kumar, Rakesh
  • Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 5
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104182

Physical properties of dihydric Alcohol-based deep eutectic solvent for integrated fuel oil desulfurization
journal, January 2020

  • Bin Majid, Mohd. Faridzuan; Hayyiratul Fatimah Binti, Mohd Zaid; Fai Kait, Chong
  • Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 29
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.695

Concurrent Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Fuels Using Deep Eutectic Solvents
journal, May 2019

  • Lima, Filipa; Dave, Maxime; Silvestre, Armando J. D.
  • ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 7, Issue 13
  • DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b00877

Absorptive Desulfurization of Model Biogas Stream Using Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
journal, February 2020

  • Słupek, Edyta; Makoś, Patrycja
  • Sustainability, Vol. 12, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.3390/su12041619

Sulfur dioxide removal: An overview of regenerative flue gas desulfurization and factors affecting desulfurization capacity and sorbent regeneration
journal, May 2020

  • Hanif, Muhammad Adli; Ibrahim, Naimah; Abdul Jalil, Aishah
  • Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 27, Issue 22
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09191-4

Deep eutectic solvents as novel extraction media for protein partitioning
journal, January 2014

  • Zeng, Qun; Wang, Yuzhi; Huang, Yanhua
  • The Analyst, Vol. 139, Issue 10
  • DOI: 10.1039/c3an02235h

A green deep eutectic solvent-based aqueous two-phase system for protein extracting
journal, March 2015


Green aqueous biphasic systems containing deep eutectic solvents and sodium salts for the extraction of protein
journal, January 2017

  • Pang, Jingyu; Sha, Xiaofang; Chao, Yanhong
  • RSC Adv., Vol. 7, Issue 78
  • DOI: 10.1039/C7RA07315A

Ternary and binary deep eutectic solvents as a novel extraction medium for protein partitioning
journal, January 2016

  • Zhang, Hongmei; Wang, Yuzhi; Xu, Kaijia
  • Analytical Methods, Vol. 8, Issue 46
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6AY01860B

Development of different deep eutectic solvent aqueous biphasic systems for the separation of proteins
journal, January 2019

  • Meng, Jiaojiao; Wang, Yuzhi; Zhou, Yigang
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 25
  • DOI: 10.1039/C9RA00519F

Selective Extraction of Collagen Peptides with High Purity from Cod Skins by Deep Eutectic Solvents
journal, June 2017


Green and simple extraction of free seleno-amino acids from powdered and lyophilized milk samples with natural deep eutectic solvents
journal, October 2020


High Yield Protein Extraction from Brewer's Spent Grain with Novel Carboxylate Salt - Urea Aqueous Deep Eutectic Solvents
journal, October 2017

  • Wahlström, Ronny; Rommi, Katariina; Willberg-Keyriläinen, Pia
  • ChemistrySelect, Vol. 2, Issue 29
  • DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701492

Enhanced Protein Extraction from Oilseed Cakes Using Glycerol–Choline Chloride Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Biorefinery Approach
journal, September 2018

  • Grudniewska, Aleksandra; de Melo, Eduardo M.; Chan, Angel
  • ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b04359

Deep eutectic solvents as a new class of draw agent to enrich low abundance DNA and proteins using forward osmosis
journal, January 2015

  • Mondal, Dibyendu; Mahto, Ashesh; Veerababu, Polisetti
  • RSC Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 109
  • DOI: 10.1039/C5RA20735E

Novel Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems for Efficient Extraction of Pepsin
journal, July 2020

  • Marchel, Mateusz; Coroadinha, Ana Sofia; Marrucho, Isabel M.
  • ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 8, Issue 33
  • DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c02673

Development of deep eutectic solvent-based aqueous biphasic system for the extraction of lysozyme
journal, September 2019


Unique low-molecular-weight lignin with high purity extracted from wood by deep eutectic solvents (DES): a source of lignin for valorization
journal, January 2016

  • Alvarez-Vasco, Carlos; Ma, Ruoshui; Quintero, Melissa
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 18, Issue 19
  • DOI: 10.1039/C6GC01007E

Efficient Cleavage of Strong Hydrogen Bonds in Cotton by Deep Eutectic Solvents and Facile Fabrication of Cellulose Nanocrystals in High Yields
journal, August 2017


Evaluation of fractionation and delignification efficiencies of deep eutectic solvents on oil palm empty fruit bunch
journal, November 2018


Effect of functional groups in acid constituent of deep eutectic solvent for extraction of reactive lignin
journal, June 2019


High-purity lignin isolated from poplar wood meal through dissolving treatment with deep eutectic solvents
journal, January 2019

  • Chen, Yujie; Zhang, Lili; Yu, Juan
  • Royal Society Open Science, Vol. 6, Issue 1
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181757

Understanding the Role of Choline Chloride in Deep Eutectic Solvents Used for Biomass Delignification
journal, August 2019

  • Smink, Dion; Juan, Alberto; Schuur, Boelo
  • Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 58, Issue 36
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03588

Facile Extraction of Wheat Straw by Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) to Produce Lignin Nanoparticles
journal, May 2019


Reviving Pretreatment Effectiveness of Deep Eutectic Solvents on Lignocellulosic Date Palm Residues by Prior Recalcitrance Reduction
journal, March 2017

  • Fang, Chuanji; Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard; Frankær, Christian Grundahl
  • Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 56, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04733

Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) for the Isolation of Willow Lignin (Salix matsudana cv. Zhuliu)
journal, October 2017

  • Li, Tengfei; Lyu, Gaojin; Liu, Yu
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol. 18, Issue 11
  • DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112266

Multiple hydrogen bond coordination in three-constituent deep eutectic solvents enhances lignin fractionation from biomass
journal, January 2018

  • Xia, Qinqin; Liu, Yongzhuang; Meng, Juan
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 20, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1039/C8GC00900G

Deep eutectic solvents as efficient solvent system for the extraction of κ-carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii
journal, January 2016


Deep eutectic solvent-based extraction and fabrication of chitin films from crustacean waste
journal, September 2018


Conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using ionic liquids prepared from renewable materials
journal, January 2008

  • Hu, Suqin; Zhang, Zhaofu; Zhou, Yinxi
  • Green Chemistry, Vol. 10, Issue 12
  • DOI: 10.1039/b810392e

Microwave-assisted HMF production from water-soluble sugars using betaine-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES)
journal, January 2020

  • Gomes, Gustavo Rodrigues; Pastre, Julio Cezar
  • Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 4, Issue 4
  • DOI: 10.1039/C9SE01278H

Conversion of sunflower stalk based cellulose to the valuable products using choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents
journal, April 2018


Preparation of graphene oxide incorporated monolithic chip based on deep eutectic solvents for solid phase extraction
journal, February 2020


Isolation of Ferulic Acid from Wheat Bran with a Deep Eutectic Solvent and Modified Silica Gel
journal, May 2017


Evaluation of fatty acid/alcohol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents as media for extracting antibiotics from environmental water
journal, September 2018

  • Tang, Weiyang; Dai, Yunliang; Row, Kyung Ho
  • Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 410, Issue 28
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1346-6

Monolithic column with polymeric deep eutectic solvent as stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography
journal, November 2018


Green synthesis of monolithic enzyme microreactor based on thiol-ene click reaction for enzymatic hydrolysis of protein
journal, January 2020


Determination of sulfamerazine in aquatic products by molecularly imprinted capillary electrochromatography
journal, June 2019

  • Qin, Shili; Jin, Fenglong; Gao, Lidi
  • Royal Society Open Science, Vol. 6, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190119

First Evidence of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes in a Deep Eutectic Solvent
journal, February 2019