Many-body quantum dynamics slows down at low density
Abstract
We study quantum many-body systems with a global U(1) conservation law, focusing on a theory of N interacting fermions with charge conservation, or N interacting spins with one conserved component of total spin. We define an effective operator size at finite chemical potential through suitably regularized out-of-time-ordered correlation functions. The growth rate of this density-dependent operator size vanishes algebraically with charge density; hence we obtain new bounds on Lyapunov exponents and butterfly velocities in charged systems at a given density, which are parametrically stronger than any Lieb-Robinson bound. We argue that the density dependence of our bound on the Lyapunov exponent is saturated in the charged Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. We also study random automaton quantum circuits and Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models, each of which exhibit a different density dependence for the Lyapunov exponent, and explain the discrepancy. We propose that our results are a cartoon for understanding Planckian-limited energy-conserving dynamics at finite temperature.
- Authors:
-
- Boston College
- Harvard University
- University of Colorado Boulder
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States); Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1712538
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1852768
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0019030; GBMF-4306
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- SciPost Physics Proceedings
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: SciPost Physics Proceedings Journal Volume: 9 Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2542-4653
- Publisher:
- Stichting SciPost
- Country of Publication:
- Netherlands
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS
Citation Formats
Chen, Xiao, Gu, Yingfei, and Lucas, Andrew. Many-body quantum dynamics slows down at low density. Netherlands: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.21468/SciPostPhys.9.5.071.
Chen, Xiao, Gu, Yingfei, & Lucas, Andrew. Many-body quantum dynamics slows down at low density. Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.21468/SciPostPhys.9.5.071
Chen, Xiao, Gu, Yingfei, and Lucas, Andrew. Thu .
"Many-body quantum dynamics slows down at low density". Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.21468/SciPostPhys.9.5.071.
@article{osti_1712538,
title = {Many-body quantum dynamics slows down at low density},
author = {Chen, Xiao and Gu, Yingfei and Lucas, Andrew},
abstractNote = {We study quantum many-body systems with a global U(1) conservation law, focusing on a theory of N interacting fermions with charge conservation, or N interacting spins with one conserved component of total spin. We define an effective operator size at finite chemical potential through suitably regularized out-of-time-ordered correlation functions. The growth rate of this density-dependent operator size vanishes algebraically with charge density; hence we obtain new bounds on Lyapunov exponents and butterfly velocities in charged systems at a given density, which are parametrically stronger than any Lieb-Robinson bound. We argue that the density dependence of our bound on the Lyapunov exponent is saturated in the charged Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. We also study random automaton quantum circuits and Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models, each of which exhibit a different density dependence for the Lyapunov exponent, and explain the discrepancy. We propose that our results are a cartoon for understanding Planckian-limited energy-conserving dynamics at finite temperature.},
doi = {10.21468/SciPostPhys.9.5.071},
journal = {SciPost Physics Proceedings},
number = 5,
volume = 9,
place = {Netherlands},
year = {2020},
month = {11}
}
https://doi.org/10.21468/SciPostPhys.9.5.071
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