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Title: Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits

Abstract

Accurate control of two-level systems is a longstanding problem in quantum mechanics. One such quantum system is the frequency-bin qubit: a single photon existing in superposition of two discrete frequency modes. In this Letter, we demonstrate fully arbitrary control of frequency-bin qubits in a quantum frequency processor for the first time. Furthermore, we numerically establish optimal settings for multiple configurations of electro-optic phase modulators and pulse shapers, experimentally confirming near-unity mode-transformation fidelity for all fundamental rotations. Performance at the single-photon level is validated through the rotation of a single frequency-bin qubit to 41 points spread over the entire Bloch sphere, as well as tracking of the state path followed by the output of a tunable frequency beam splitter, with Bayesian tomography confirming state fidelities Fρ>0.98 for all cases. Overall, such high-fidelity transformations expand the practical potential of frequency encoding in quantum communications, offering exceptional precision and low noise in general qubit manipulation.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Inst.
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  3. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Amazon Web Services, Seattle, WA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1661226
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725; 1839191-ECCS
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 125; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; Optical quantum information processing; optoelectronics; photonics; quantum gates; quantum optics; quantum tomography

Citation Formats

Lu, Hsuan-Hao, Simmerman, Emma M., Lougovski, Pavel, Weiner, Andrew M., and Lukens, Joseph M.. Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.125.120503.
Lu, Hsuan-Hao, Simmerman, Emma M., Lougovski, Pavel, Weiner, Andrew M., & Lukens, Joseph M.. Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.125.120503
Lu, Hsuan-Hao, Simmerman, Emma M., Lougovski, Pavel, Weiner, Andrew M., and Lukens, Joseph M.. Mon . "Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.125.120503. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1661226.
@article{osti_1661226,
title = {Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits},
author = {Lu, Hsuan-Hao and Simmerman, Emma M. and Lougovski, Pavel and Weiner, Andrew M. and Lukens, Joseph M.},
abstractNote = {Accurate control of two-level systems is a longstanding problem in quantum mechanics. One such quantum system is the frequency-bin qubit: a single photon existing in superposition of two discrete frequency modes. In this Letter, we demonstrate fully arbitrary control of frequency-bin qubits in a quantum frequency processor for the first time. Furthermore, we numerically establish optimal settings for multiple configurations of electro-optic phase modulators and pulse shapers, experimentally confirming near-unity mode-transformation fidelity for all fundamental rotations. Performance at the single-photon level is validated through the rotation of a single frequency-bin qubit to 41 points spread over the entire Bloch sphere, as well as tracking of the state path followed by the output of a tunable frequency beam splitter, with Bayesian tomography confirming state fidelities Fρ>0.98 for all cases. Overall, such high-fidelity transformations expand the practical potential of frequency encoding in quantum communications, offering exceptional precision and low noise in general qubit manipulation.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.125.120503},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 12,
volume = 125,
place = {United States},
year = {2020},
month = {9}
}

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