Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics

Lemma, Linnea M.; DeCamp, Stephen J.; You, Zhihong; Giomi, Luca; Dogic, Zvonimir

doi:10.1039/c8sm01877d

Title: Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics

Abstract

We study the dynamics of a tunable 2D active nematic liquid crystal composed of microtubules and kinesin motors confined to an oil–water interface. Kinesin motors continuously inject mechanical energy into the system through ATP hydrolysis, powering the relative microscopic sliding of adjacent microtubules, which in turn generates macroscale autonomous flows and chaotic dynamics. We use particle image velocimetry to quantify two-dimensional flows of active nematics and extract their statistical properties. In agreement with the hydrodynamic theory, we find that the vortex areas comprising the chaotic flows are exponentially distributed, which allows us to extract the characteristic system length scale. We probe the dependence of this length scale on the ATP concentration, which is the experimental knob that tunes the magnitude of the active stress. In conclusion, our data suggest a possible mapping between the ATP concentration and the active stress that is based on the Michaelis–Menten kinetics that governs the motion of individual kinesin motors.

Authors:

^[1];

^[2]; You, Zhihong ^[3];

^[3]; Dogic, Zvonimir ^[1]

Brandeis University, Waltham, MA (United States); University of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
Brandeis University, Waltham, MA (United States)
Universiteit Leiden (The Netherlands)

Publication Date:: Wed Mar 13 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Brandeis Univ., Waltham, MA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1659763

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1503729

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010432; SC0010432TDD

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Soft Matter

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 15; Journal ID: ISSN 1744-683X

Publisher:: Royal Society of Chemistry

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS; Active matter

Citation Formats


                    Lemma, Linnea M., DeCamp, Stephen J., You, Zhihong, Giomi, Luca, and Dogic, Zvonimir. Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1039/c8sm01877d.

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                    Lemma, Linnea M., DeCamp, Stephen J., You, Zhihong, Giomi, Luca, & Dogic, Zvonimir. Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01877d

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                    Lemma, Linnea M., DeCamp, Stephen J., You, Zhihong, Giomi, Luca, and Dogic, Zvonimir. Wed .  
"Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01877d.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1659763.

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@article{osti_1659763,

  title        = {Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics},

  author       = {Lemma, Linnea M. and DeCamp, Stephen J. and You, Zhihong and Giomi, Luca and Dogic, Zvonimir},

  abstractNote = {We study the dynamics of a tunable 2D active nematic liquid crystal composed of microtubules and kinesin motors confined to an oil–water interface. Kinesin motors continuously inject mechanical energy into the system through ATP hydrolysis, powering the relative microscopic sliding of adjacent microtubules, which in turn generates macroscale autonomous flows and chaotic dynamics. We use particle image velocimetry to quantify two-dimensional flows of active nematics and extract their statistical properties. In agreement with the hydrodynamic theory, we find that the vortex areas comprising the chaotic flows are exponentially distributed, which allows us to extract the characteristic system length scale. We probe the dependence of this length scale on the ATP concentration, which is the experimental knob that tunes the magnitude of the active stress. In conclusion, our data suggest a possible mapping between the ATP concentration and the active stress that is based on the Michaelis–Menten kinetics that governs the motion of individual kinesin motors.},

  doi          = {10.1039/c8sm01877d},

  journal      = {Soft Matter},

  number       = 15,

  volume       = 15,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Mar 13 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Wed Mar 13 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Topological chaos in active nematics
journal, August 2019

Tan, Amanda J.; Roberts, Eric; Smith, Spencer A.
Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-019-0600-y

Self-organized dynamics and the transition to turbulence of confined active nematics
journal, February 2019

Opathalage, Achini; Norton, Michael M.; Juniper, Michael P. N.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 11
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Self-organized dynamics and the transition to turbulence of confined active nematics
text, January 2018

Opathalage, Achini; Norton, Michael M.; Juniper, Michael P. N.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1810.09032

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Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics

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Title: Statistical properties of autonomous flows in 2D active nematics

Abstract

Citation Formats

Hydrodynamics of soft active matter journal, July 2013

The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter journal, August 2010

Flocks, herds, and schools: A quantitative theory of flocking journal, October 1998

Active matter at the interface between materials science and cell biology journal, July 2017

Active gel physics journal, February 2015

Emergent self-organization in active materials journal, February 2016

Hydrodynamic Fluctuations and Instabilities in Ordered Suspensions of Self-Propelled Particles journal, July 2002

Defect Annihilation and Proliferation in Active Nematics journal, May 2013

Velocity Correlations in an Active Nematic journal, September 2013

Multiscale Polar Theory of Microtubule and Motor-Protein Assemblies journal, January 2015

Topological structure dynamics revealing collective evolution in active nematics journal, December 2013

Large-Scale Chaos and Fluctuations in Active Nematics journal, July 2014

Long-Lived Giant Number Fluctuations in a Swarming Granular Nematic journal, July 2007

Living liquid crystals journal, January 2014

Turbulent Dynamics of Epithelial Cell Cultures journal, May 2018

Tunable structure and dynamics of active liquid crystals journal, October 2018

Spontaneous motion in hierarchically assembled active matter journal, November 2012

Orientational order of motile defects in active nematics journal, August 2015

Control of active liquid crystals with a magnetic field journal, May 2016

Curvature-induced defect unbinding and dynamics in active nematic toroids journal, October 2017

Active nematics journal, August 2018

Self-organization of microtubules and motors journal, September 1997

Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study of Microtubules Buckling and Bundling under Osmotic Stress: A Probe of Interprotofilament Interactions journal, November 2004

Measuring Cohesion between Macromolecular Filaments One Pair at a Time: Depletion-Induced Microtubule Bundling journal, April 2015

Solid friction between soft filaments journal, March 2015

Purification of brain tubulin through two cycles of polymerization–depolymerization in a high-molarity buffer journal, November 2003

Two Distinct Modes of Processive Kinesin Movement in Mixtures of ATP and AMP-PNP journal, October 2007

Condensation of isolated semi-flexible filaments driven by depletion interactions journal, August 2009

Kinesin hydrolyses one ATP per 8-nm step journal, July 1997

Correlation lengths in hydrodynamic models of active nematics journal, January 2016

Single kinesin molecules studied with a molecular force clamp journal, July 1999

Computer Simulation of Liquids book, June 2017

Tunable dynamics of microtubule-based active isotropic gels journal, November 2014

Topology and dynamics of active nematic vesicles journal, September 2014

Kinesin Motor Enzymology: Chemistry, Structure, and Physics of Nanoscale Molecular Machines journal, February 2015

Force and velocity measured for single kinesin molecules journal, June 1994

Kinesin's processivity results from mechanical and chemical coordination between the ATP hydrolysis cycles of the two motor domains journal, November 1999

Taming active turbulence with patterned soft interfaces journal, September 2017

Living Liquid Crystals journal, January 2014

Two Distinct Modes of Processive Kinesin Movement in Mixtures of ATP and AMP-PNP journal, November 2007

Computer Simulation of Liquids journal, October 1988

The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter text, January 2010

Spontaneous motion in hierarchically assembled active matter text, January 2013

Velocity Correlations in an Active Nematic text, January 2013

Defect annihilation and proliferation in active nematics text, January 2013

Multiscale polar theory of microtubule and motor-protein assemblies text, January 2014

Topology and Dynamics of Active Nematic Vesicles text, January 2014

Tunable dynamics of microtubule based active isotropic gels text, January 2014

Orientational order of motile defects in active nematics text, January 2015

Correlation lengths in hydrodynamic models of active nematics text, January 2016

Tunable structure and dynamics of active liquid crystals text, January 2018

Hydrodynamic fluctuations and instabilities in ordered suspensions of self-propelled particles text, January 2001

Long-lived Giant Number Fluctuations in a Swarming Granular Nematic text, January 2006

Flocks, herds, and schools: A quantitative theory of flocking text, January 1998

Topological chaos in active nematics journal, August 2019

Self-organized dynamics and the transition to turbulence of confined active nematics journal, February 2019

Self-organized dynamics and the transition to turbulence of confined active nematics text, January 2018

Hydrodynamics of soft active matter
journal, July 2013

The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter
journal, August 2010

Flocks, herds, and schools: A quantitative theory of flocking
journal, October 1998

Active matter at the interface between materials science and cell biology
journal, July 2017

Active gel physics
journal, February 2015

Emergent self-organization in active materials
journal, February 2016

Hydrodynamic Fluctuations and Instabilities in Ordered Suspensions of Self-Propelled Particles
journal, July 2002

Defect Annihilation and Proliferation in Active Nematics
journal, May 2013

Velocity Correlations in an Active Nematic
journal, September 2013

Multiscale Polar Theory of Microtubule and Motor-Protein Assemblies
journal, January 2015

Topological structure dynamics revealing collective evolution in active nematics
journal, December 2013

Large-Scale Chaos and Fluctuations in Active Nematics
journal, July 2014

Long-Lived Giant Number Fluctuations in a Swarming Granular Nematic
journal, July 2007

Living liquid crystals
journal, January 2014

Turbulent Dynamics of Epithelial Cell Cultures
journal, May 2018

Tunable structure and dynamics of active liquid crystals
journal, October 2018

Spontaneous motion in hierarchically assembled active matter
journal, November 2012

Orientational order of motile defects in active nematics
journal, August 2015

Control of active liquid crystals with a magnetic field
journal, May 2016

Curvature-induced defect unbinding and dynamics in active nematic toroids
journal, October 2017

Active nematics
journal, August 2018

Self-organization of microtubules and motors
journal, September 1997

Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study of Microtubules Buckling and Bundling under Osmotic Stress: A Probe of Interprotofilament Interactions
journal, November 2004

Measuring Cohesion between Macromolecular Filaments One Pair at a Time: Depletion-Induced Microtubule Bundling
journal, April 2015

Solid friction between soft filaments
journal, March 2015

Purification of brain tubulin through two cycles of polymerization–depolymerization in a high-molarity buffer
journal, November 2003

Two Distinct Modes of Processive Kinesin Movement in Mixtures of ATP and AMP-PNP
journal, October 2007

Condensation of isolated semi-flexible filaments driven by depletion interactions
journal, August 2009

Kinesin hydrolyses one ATP per 8-nm step
journal, July 1997

Correlation lengths in hydrodynamic models of active nematics
journal, January 2016

Single kinesin molecules studied with a molecular force clamp
journal, July 1999

Computer Simulation of Liquids
book, June 2017

Tunable dynamics of microtubule-based active isotropic gels
journal, November 2014

Topology and dynamics of active nematic vesicles
journal, September 2014

Kinesin Motor Enzymology: Chemistry, Structure, and Physics of Nanoscale Molecular Machines
journal, February 2015

Force and velocity measured for single kinesin molecules
journal, June 1994

Kinesin's processivity results from mechanical and chemical coordination between the ATP hydrolysis cycles of the two motor domains
journal, November 1999

Taming active turbulence with patterned soft interfaces
journal, September 2017

Living Liquid Crystals
journal, January 2014

Two Distinct Modes of Processive Kinesin Movement in Mixtures of ATP and AMP-PNP
journal, November 2007

Computer Simulation of Liquids
journal, October 1988

The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter
text, January 2010

Spontaneous motion in hierarchically assembled active matter
text, January 2013

Velocity Correlations in an Active Nematic
text, January 2013

Defect annihilation and proliferation in active nematics
text, January 2013

Multiscale polar theory of microtubule and motor-protein assemblies
text, January 2014

Topology and Dynamics of Active Nematic Vesicles
text, January 2014

Tunable dynamics of microtubule based active isotropic gels
text, January 2014

Orientational order of motile defects in active nematics
text, January 2015

Correlation lengths in hydrodynamic models of active nematics
text, January 2016

Tunable structure and dynamics of active liquid crystals
text, January 2018

Hydrodynamic fluctuations and instabilities in ordered suspensions of self-propelled particles
text, January 2001

Long-lived Giant Number Fluctuations in a Swarming Granular Nematic
text, January 2006

Flocks, herds, and schools: A quantitative theory of flocking
text, January 1998

Topological chaos in active nematics
journal, August 2019

Self-organized dynamics and the transition to turbulence of confined active nematics
journal, February 2019

Self-organized dynamics and the transition to turbulence of confined active nematics
text, January 2018