A High-Rate Aqueous Proton Battery Delivering Power Below -78 °C via an Unfrozen Phosphoric Acid

Jiang, Heng; Shin, Woochul; Ma, Lu; Hong, Jessica J.; Wei, Zhixuan; Liu, Yusung; Zhang, Suoying; Wu, Xianyong; Xu, Yunkai; Guo, Qiubo; Subramanian, Mas A.; Stickle, William F.; Wu, Tianpin; Lu, Jun; Ji, Xiulei

doi:10.1002/aenm.202000968

Title: A High-Rate Aqueous Proton Battery Delivering Power Below -78 °C via an Unfrozen Phosphoric Acid

Journal Article · 08 June 2020 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000968 · OSTI ID:1658599

Jiang, Heng ^[1]; Shin, Woochul ^[1]; Ma, Lu ^[2]; Hong, Jessica J. ^[1]; Wei, Zhixuan ^[1]; Liu, Yusung ^[1]; Zhang, Suoying ^[2]; Wu, Xianyong ^[1]; Xu, Yunkai ^[1]; Guo, Qiubo ^[1]; Subramanian, Mas A. ^[1]; Stickle, William F. ^[3]; Wu, Tianpin ^[2];

^[2]; Ji, Xiulei ^[1]

Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Hewlett‐Packard Company, Corvallis, OR (United States)

Lithium-sulfur batteries are attractive for automobile and grid applications due to their high theoretical energy density and the abundance of sulfur. Despite the significant progress in cathode development, lithium metal degradation and the polysulfide shuttle remain two critical challenges in the practical application of Li-S batteries. Development of advanced electrolytes has become a promising strategy to simultaneously suppress lithium dendrite formation and prevent polysulfide dissolution. Here, a new class of concentrated siloxane-based electrolytes, demonstrating significantly improved performance over the widely investigated ether-based electrolytes are reported in terms of stabilizing the sulfur cathode and Li metal anode as well as minimizing flammability. Through a combination of experimental and computational investigation, it is found that siloxane solvents can effectively regulate a hidden solvation-ion-exchange process in the concentrated electrolytes that results from the interactions between cations/anions and solvents. As a result, it could invoke a quasi-solid-solid lithiation and enable reversible Li plating/stripping and robust solid-electrolyte interphase chemistries. The solvation-ion-exchange process in the concentrated electrolytes is a key factor in understanding and designing electrolytes for other high-energy lithium metal batteries.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC02‐06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1658599

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1632241

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 28; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: A High-Rate Aqueous Proton Battery Delivering Power Below -78 °C via an Unfrozen Phosphoric Acid

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