Containment materials for liquid tin at 1350 °C as a heat transfer fluid for high temperature concentrated solar power
Abstract
One pathway for reducing the cost of concentrated solar power (CSP) is to increase the system efficiency by operating a heat engine with a higher hot side (inlet) temperature. If a turbine is used, then a system utilizing a combined cycle could potentially reach upwards of ~60% efficiency, provided that the turbine could be operated with an inlet temperature >1300 °C. Such high temperatures place severe limits on heat transfer fluids; that is, such fluids would need to remain chemically stable, and be compatible with containment materials, at such extreme temperatures. One potential class of such fluids are liquid metals, such as molten tin. While possessing low melting and high boiling points (232 °C and 2600 °C, respectively) for a high operational range, molten tin also tends to be highly corrosive towards common structural metal alloys used as components for the containment and controlled flow of liquids (i.e., for pipes, tanks, valves, pumps, etc.). Thus, it would be useful to identify materials that are compatible with molten tin at ≥1300 °C. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate three candidate high-temperature materials, possessing a range of thermal conductivities, for the containment of molten tin: graphite (C), silicon carbide (SiC),more »
- Authors:
-
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States)
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States); Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1651198
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1776193
- Grant/Contract Number:
- EE0007117; AR0000339; SC0014034
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Solar Energy
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 164; Journal ID: ISSN 0038-092X
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 14 SOLAR ENERGY; Containment materials; Liquid tin heat transfer fluid; High temperature (1350 °C); Concentrated solar power
Citation Formats
Zhang, Yunshu, Cai, Ye, Hwang, SungHwan, Wilk, Gregory, DeAngelis, Freddy, Henry, Asegun, and Sandhage, Kenneth H. Containment materials for liquid tin at 1350 °C as a heat transfer fluid for high temperature concentrated solar power. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.085.
Zhang, Yunshu, Cai, Ye, Hwang, SungHwan, Wilk, Gregory, DeAngelis, Freddy, Henry, Asegun, & Sandhage, Kenneth H. Containment materials for liquid tin at 1350 °C as a heat transfer fluid for high temperature concentrated solar power. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.085
Zhang, Yunshu, Cai, Ye, Hwang, SungHwan, Wilk, Gregory, DeAngelis, Freddy, Henry, Asegun, and Sandhage, Kenneth H. Wed .
"Containment materials for liquid tin at 1350 °C as a heat transfer fluid for high temperature concentrated solar power". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.085. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1651198.
@article{osti_1651198,
title = {Containment materials for liquid tin at 1350 °C as a heat transfer fluid for high temperature concentrated solar power},
author = {Zhang, Yunshu and Cai, Ye and Hwang, SungHwan and Wilk, Gregory and DeAngelis, Freddy and Henry, Asegun and Sandhage, Kenneth H.},
abstractNote = {One pathway for reducing the cost of concentrated solar power (CSP) is to increase the system efficiency by operating a heat engine with a higher hot side (inlet) temperature. If a turbine is used, then a system utilizing a combined cycle could potentially reach upwards of ~60% efficiency, provided that the turbine could be operated with an inlet temperature >1300 °C. Such high temperatures place severe limits on heat transfer fluids; that is, such fluids would need to remain chemically stable, and be compatible with containment materials, at such extreme temperatures. One potential class of such fluids are liquid metals, such as molten tin. While possessing low melting and high boiling points (232 °C and 2600 °C, respectively) for a high operational range, molten tin also tends to be highly corrosive towards common structural metal alloys used as components for the containment and controlled flow of liquids (i.e., for pipes, tanks, valves, pumps, etc.). Thus, it would be useful to identify materials that are compatible with molten tin at ≥1300 °C. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate three candidate high-temperature materials, possessing a range of thermal conductivities, for the containment of molten tin: graphite (C), silicon carbide (SiC), and mullite (Al6Si2O13). The corrosion and penetration of these materials by molten Sn or doped Sn liquids at 1350 °C for 100 h were evaluated via local electron microscopic analyses and global weight change measurements. Under appropriate conditions, all three of these materials exhibited minimal to no reaction with tin-based liquids at 1350 °C and were not penetrated by these liquids at this temperature. Furthermore, this work indicates that graphite, silicon carbide, and/or mullite can serve as effective containment materials for the use of tin-based liquids as heat transfer fluids operating at 1350 °C in CSP plants.},
doi = {10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.085},
journal = {Solar Energy},
number = ,
volume = 164,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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