Machine-learning Classifiers for Intermediate Redshift Emission-line Galaxies
Abstract
Classification of intermediate redshift (z = 0.3-0.8) emission line galaxies as star-forming galaxies, composite galaxies, active galactic nuclei (AGNs), or low-ionization nuclear emission regions (LINERs) using optical spectra alone was impossible because the lines used for standard optical diagnostic diagrams: [N ii], Hα, and [S ii] are redshifted out of the observed wavelength range. In this work, we address this problem using four supervised machine-learning classification algorithms: k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector classifier (SVC), random forest (RF), and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network. For input features, we use properties that can be measured from optical galaxy spectra out to z < 0.8 - [O iii]/Hβ, [O ii]/Hβ, [O iii] line width, and stellar velocity dispersion - and four colors (u - g, g - r, r - i, and i - z) corrected to z = 0.1. The labels for the low redshift emission line galaxy training set are determined using standard optical diagnostic diagrams. RF has the best area under curve score for classifying all four galaxy types, meaning the highest distinguishing power. Both the AUC scores and accuracies of the other algorithms are ordered as MLP > SVC > KNN. The classification accuracies with all eight featuresmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[2];
[7]
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Madrid (Spain); Autonomous Univ. of Madrid (Spain); Max Planck Inst. fuer Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching (Germany)
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (Switzerland)
- National Autonomous Univ. of Mexico, Mexico City (Mexico)
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (Switzerland); Aix Marseille Univ. (France)
- Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1650076
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 883; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; active galaxies; Seyfert; quasars; emission lines
Citation Formats
Zhang, Kai, Schlegel, David J., Andrews, Brett H., Comparat, Johan, Schäfer, Christoph, Vazquez Mata, Jose Antonio, Kneib, Jean-Paul, and Yan, Renbin. Machine-learning Classifiers for Intermediate Redshift Emission-line Galaxies. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab397e.
Zhang, Kai, Schlegel, David J., Andrews, Brett H., Comparat, Johan, Schäfer, Christoph, Vazquez Mata, Jose Antonio, Kneib, Jean-Paul, & Yan, Renbin. Machine-learning Classifiers for Intermediate Redshift Emission-line Galaxies. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab397e
Zhang, Kai, Schlegel, David J., Andrews, Brett H., Comparat, Johan, Schäfer, Christoph, Vazquez Mata, Jose Antonio, Kneib, Jean-Paul, and Yan, Renbin. Fri .
"Machine-learning Classifiers for Intermediate Redshift Emission-line Galaxies". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab397e. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1650076.
@article{osti_1650076,
title = {Machine-learning Classifiers for Intermediate Redshift Emission-line Galaxies},
author = {Zhang, Kai and Schlegel, David J. and Andrews, Brett H. and Comparat, Johan and Schäfer, Christoph and Vazquez Mata, Jose Antonio and Kneib, Jean-Paul and Yan, Renbin},
abstractNote = {Classification of intermediate redshift (z = 0.3-0.8) emission line galaxies as star-forming galaxies, composite galaxies, active galactic nuclei (AGNs), or low-ionization nuclear emission regions (LINERs) using optical spectra alone was impossible because the lines used for standard optical diagnostic diagrams: [N ii], Hα, and [S ii] are redshifted out of the observed wavelength range. In this work, we address this problem using four supervised machine-learning classification algorithms: k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector classifier (SVC), random forest (RF), and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network. For input features, we use properties that can be measured from optical galaxy spectra out to z < 0.8 - [O iii]/Hβ, [O ii]/Hβ, [O iii] line width, and stellar velocity dispersion - and four colors (u - g, g - r, r - i, and i - z) corrected to z = 0.1. The labels for the low redshift emission line galaxy training set are determined using standard optical diagnostic diagrams. RF has the best area under curve score for classifying all four galaxy types, meaning the highest distinguishing power. Both the AUC scores and accuracies of the other algorithms are ordered as MLP > SVC > KNN. The classification accuracies with all eight features (and the four spectroscopically determined features only) are 93.4% (92.3%) for star-forming galaxies, 69.4% (63.7%) for composite galaxies, 71.8% (67.3%) for AGNs, and 65.7% (60.8%) for LINERs. The stacked spectrum of galaxies of the same type as determined by optical diagnostic diagrams at low redshift and RF at intermediate redshift are broadly consistent. Our publicly available code (https://github.com/zkdtc/MLC_ELGs) and trained models will be instrumental for classifying emission line galaxies in upcoming wide-field spectroscopic surveys.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab397e},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 883,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Fri Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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