Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data

Sayre, J.  T.; Reichardt, C.  L.; Henning, J.  W.; Ade, P.  A. R.; Anderson, A.  J.; Austermann, J.  E.; Avva, J.  S.; Beall, J.  A.; Bender, A.  N.; Benson, B.  A.; Bianchini, F.; Bleem, L.  E.; Carlstrom, J.  E.; Chang, C.  L.; Chaubal, P.; Chiang, H.  C.; Citron, R.; Corbett Moran, C.; Crawford, T.  M.; Crites, A.  T.; de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M.  A.; Everett, W.; Gallicchio, J.; George, E.  M.; Gilbert, A.; Gupta, N.; Halverson, N.  W.; Harrington, N.; Hilton, G.  C.; Holder, G.  P.; Holzapfel, W.  L.; Hrubes, J.  D.; Huang, N.; Hubmayr, J.; Irwin, K.  D.; Knox, L.; Lee, A.  T.; Li, D.; Lowitz, A.; McMahon, J.  J.; Meyer, S.  S.; Mocanu, L.  M.; Montgomery, J.; Nadolski, A.; Natoli, T.; Nibarger, J.  P.; Noble, G.; Novosad, V.; Padin, S.; Patil, S.; Pryke, C.; Ruhl, J.  E.; Saliwanchik, B.  R.; Schaffer, K.  K.; Sievers, C.; Smecher, G.; Stark, A.  A.; Tucker, C.; Vanderlinde, K.; Veach, T.; Vieira, J.  D.; Wang, G.; Whitehorn, N.; Wu, W.  L. K.; Yefremenko, V.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.101.122003

Title: Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data

Abstract

© 2020 American Physical Society. We report a B-mode power spectrum measurement from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization anisotropy observations made using the SPTpol instrument on the South Pole Telescope. This work uses 500 deg2 of SPTpol data, a five-fold increase over the last SPTpol B-mode release. As a result, the bandpower uncertainties have been reduced by more than a factor of two, and the measurement extends to lower multipoles: 52< <2301. Data from both 95 and 150 GHz are used, allowing for three cross-spectra: 95 GHz × 95 GHz, 95 GHz × 150 GHz, and 150 GHz × 150 GHz. B-mode power is detected at very high significance; we find P(BB<0)=5.8×10-71, corresponding to a 18.1σ detection of power. With a prior on the galactic dust from Planck, WMAP and BICEP2/Keck observations, the SPTpol B-mode data can be used to set an upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r<0.44 at 95% confidence (the expected 1σ constraint on r given the measurement uncertainties is 0.22). We find the measured B-mode power is consistent with the Planck best-fit ΛCDM model predictions. Scaling the predicted lensing B-mode power in this model by a factor Alens, the data prefer Alens=1.17±0.13. These data aremore »« less

Authors:: Sayre, J. T.; Reichardt, C. L.; Henning, J. W.; Ade, P. A. R.; Anderson, A. J.; Austermann, J. E.; Avva, J. S.; Beall, J. A.; Bender, A. N.; Benson, B. A.; Bianchini, F.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Chaubal, P.; Chiang, H. C.; Citron, R.; Corbett Moran, C.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T. more »« less

Publication Date:: Mon Jun 22 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Contributing Org.:: SPTpol Collaboration

OSTI Identifier:: 1647293

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1737621

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357; NSF PHY-1125897; GBMF#947; FT150100074; AST-1402161; PLR-1248097; CSSI-1835865; AST-0956135; AST-1716965; PHY-0114422; AC02-07CH11359

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review D

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 101; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Sayre, J.  T., Reichardt, C.  L., Henning, J.  W., Ade, P.  A. R., Anderson, A.  J., Austermann, J.  E., Avva, J.  S., Beall, J.  A., Bender, A.  N., Benson, B.  A., Bianchini, F., Bleem, L.  E., Carlstrom, J.  E., Chang, C.  L., Chaubal, P., Chiang, H.  C., Citron, R., Corbett Moran, C., Crawford, T.  M., Crites, A.  T., de Haan, T., Dobbs, M.  A., Everett, W., Gallicchio, J., George, E.  M., Gilbert, A., Gupta, N., Halverson, N.  W., Harrington, N., Hilton, G.  C., Holder, G.  P., Holzapfel, W.  L., Hrubes, J.  D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K.  D., Knox, L., Lee, A.  T., Li, D., Lowitz, A., McMahon, J.  J., Meyer, S.  S., Mocanu, L.  M., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J.  P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Patil, S., Pryke, C., Ruhl, J.  E., Saliwanchik, B.  R., Schaffer, K.  K., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Stark, A.  A., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J.  D., Wang, G., Whitehorn, N., Wu, W.  L. K., and Yefremenko, V. Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevd.101.122003.

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                    Sayre, J.  T., Reichardt, C.  L., Henning, J.  W., Ade, P.  A. R., Anderson, A.  J., Austermann, J.  E., Avva, J.  S., Beall, J.  A., Bender, A.  N., Benson, B.  A., Bianchini, F., Bleem, L.  E., Carlstrom, J.  E., Chang, C.  L., Chaubal, P., Chiang, H.  C., Citron, R., Corbett Moran, C., Crawford, T.  M., Crites, A.  T., de Haan, T., Dobbs, M.  A., Everett, W., Gallicchio, J., George, E.  M., Gilbert, A., Gupta, N., Halverson, N.  W., Harrington, N., Hilton, G.  C., Holder, G.  P., Holzapfel, W.  L., Hrubes, J.  D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K.  D., Knox, L., Lee, A.  T., Li, D., Lowitz, A., McMahon, J.  J., Meyer, S.  S., Mocanu, L.  M., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J.  P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Patil, S., Pryke, C., Ruhl, J.  E., Saliwanchik, B.  R., Schaffer, K.  K., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Stark, A.  A., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J.  D., Wang, G., Whitehorn, N., Wu, W.  L. K., & Yefremenko, V. Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.101.122003

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                    Sayre, J.  T., Reichardt, C.  L., Henning, J.  W., Ade, P.  A. R., Anderson, A.  J., Austermann, J.  E., Avva, J.  S., Beall, J.  A., Bender, A.  N., Benson, B.  A., Bianchini, F., Bleem, L.  E., Carlstrom, J.  E., Chang, C.  L., Chaubal, P., Chiang, H.  C., Citron, R., Corbett Moran, C., Crawford, T.  M., Crites, A.  T., de Haan, T., Dobbs, M.  A., Everett, W., Gallicchio, J., George, E.  M., Gilbert, A., Gupta, N., Halverson, N.  W., Harrington, N., Hilton, G.  C., Holder, G.  P., Holzapfel, W.  L., Hrubes, J.  D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K.  D., Knox, L., Lee, A.  T., Li, D., Lowitz, A., McMahon, J.  J., Meyer, S.  S., Mocanu, L.  M., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J.  P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Patil, S., Pryke, C., Ruhl, J.  E., Saliwanchik, B.  R., Schaffer, K.  K., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Stark, A.  A., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J.  D., Wang, G., Whitehorn, N., Wu, W.  L. K., and Yefremenko, V. Mon .  
"Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.101.122003.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1647293.

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@article{osti_1647293,

  title        = {Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data},

  author       = {Sayre, J.  T. and Reichardt, C.  L. and Henning, J.  W. and Ade, P.  A. R. and Anderson, A.  J. and Austermann, J.  E. and Avva, J.  S. and Beall, J.  A. and Bender, A.  N. and Benson, B.  A. and Bianchini, F. and Bleem, L.  E. and Carlstrom, J.  E. and Chang, C.  L. and Chaubal, P. and Chiang, H.  C. and Citron, R. and Corbett Moran, C. and Crawford, T.  M. and Crites, A.  T. and de Haan, T. and Dobbs, M.  A. and Everett, W. and Gallicchio, J. and George, E.  M. and Gilbert, A. and Gupta, N. and Halverson, N.  W. and Harrington, N. and Hilton, G.  C. and Holder, G.  P. and Holzapfel, W.  L. and Hrubes, J.  D. and Huang, N. and Hubmayr, J. and Irwin, K.  D. and Knox, L. and Lee, A.  T. and Li, D. and Lowitz, A. and McMahon, J.  J. and Meyer, S.  S. and Mocanu, L.  M. and Montgomery, J. and Nadolski, A. and Natoli, T. and Nibarger, J.  P. and Noble, G. and Novosad, V. and Padin, S. and Patil, S. and Pryke, C. and Ruhl, J.  E. and Saliwanchik, B.  R. and Schaffer, K.  K. and Sievers, C. and Smecher, G. and Stark, A.  A. and Tucker, C. and Vanderlinde, K. and Veach, T. and Vieira, J.  D. and Wang, G. and Whitehorn, N. and Wu, W.  L. K. and Yefremenko, V.},

  abstractNote = {© 2020 American Physical Society. We report a B-mode power spectrum measurement from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization anisotropy observations made using the SPTpol instrument on the South Pole Telescope. This work uses 500 deg2 of SPTpol data, a five-fold increase over the last SPTpol B-mode release. As a result, the bandpower uncertainties have been reduced by more than a factor of two, and the measurement extends to lower multipoles: 52< <2301. Data from both 95 and 150 GHz are used, allowing for three cross-spectra: 95 GHz × 95 GHz, 95 GHz × 150 GHz, and 150 GHz × 150 GHz. B-mode power is detected at very high significance; we find P(BB<0)=5.8×10-71, corresponding to a 18.1σ detection of power. With a prior on the galactic dust from Planck, WMAP and BICEP2/Keck observations, the SPTpol B-mode data can be used to set an upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r<0.44 at 95% confidence (the expected 1σ constraint on r given the measurement uncertainties is 0.22). We find the measured B-mode power is consistent with the Planck best-fit ΛCDM model predictions. Scaling the predicted lensing B-mode power in this model by a factor Alens, the data prefer Alens=1.17±0.13. These data are currently the most precise measurements of B-mode power at >320.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevd.101.122003},

  journal      = {Physical Review D},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 101,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jun 22 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Mon Jun 22 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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In this work, we present measurements of the E-mode (EE) polarization power spectrum and temperature-E-mode (TE) cross-power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background using data collected by SPT-3G, the latest instrument installed on the South Pole Telescope. This analysis uses observations of a 1500 deg² region at 95, 150, and 220 GHz taken over a four-month period in 2018. We report binned values of the EE and TE power spectra over the angular multipole range 300≤ℓ<3000, using the multifrequency data to construct six semi-independent estimates of each power spectrum and their minimum-variance combination. These measurements improve upon the previous resultsmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.022003

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Galaxy Clusters Selected via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect in the SPTpol 100-square-degree Survey

Journal Article Huang, N. ; Bleem, L. E. ; Stalder, B. ; ... - The Astronomical Journal (Online)

© 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.. We present a catalog of galaxy cluster candidates detected in 100 square degrees surveyed with the SPTpol receiver on the South Pole Telescope. The catalog contains 89 candidates detected with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 4.6. The candidates are selected using the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at 95 and 150 GHz. Using both space- and ground-based optical and infrared telescopes, we have confirmed 81 candidates as galaxy clusters. We use these follow-up images and archival images to estimate photometric redshifts for 66 galaxy clusters and spectroscopic observations to obtain redshifts for 13 systems.more »« less
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab6a96

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Title: Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data

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Citation Formats

A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background B -mode Polarization Power Spectrum at Subdegree Scales from Two Years of polarbear Data journal, October 2017

CMB Polarization B -mode Delensing with SPTpol and Herschel journal, August 2017

Year two instrument status of the SPT-3G cosmic microwave background receiver conference, August 2018

BICEP2/KECK ARRAY V: MEASUREMENTS OF B -MODE POLARIZATION AT DEGREE ANGULAR SCALES AND 150 GHz BY THE KECK ARRAY journal, September 2015

EXTRAGALACTIC MILLIMETER-WAVE POINT-SOURCE CATALOG, NUMBER COUNTS AND STATISTICS FROM 771 deg 2 OF THE SPT-SZ SURVEY journal, November 2013

MEASUREMENTS OF SUB-DEGREE B -MODE POLARIZATION IN THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND FROM 100 SQUARE DEGREES OF SPTPOL DATA journal, July 2015

XSPECT, estimation of the angular power spectrum by computing cross-power spectra with analytical error bars journal, April 2005

Faraday Rotation of Microwave Background Polarization by a Primordial Magnetic Field journal, September 1996

Measurements of E-Mode Polarization and Temperature-E-Mode Correlation in the Cosmic Microwave Background from 100 Square Degrees of Sptpol data journal, May 2015

Measuring Dark Matter Power Spectrum from Cosmic Microwave Background journal, March 1999

Cosmological parameters from CMB and other data: A Monte Carlo approach journal, November 2002

Planck 2015 results : XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields journal, September 2016

Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey journal, October 2019

Efficient Computation of Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies in Closed Friedmann‐Robertson‐Walker Models journal, August 2000

General solution to the E − B mixing problem journal, August 2007

MASTER of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Power Spectrum: A Fast Method for Statistical Analysis of Large and Complex Cosmic Microwave Background Data Sets journal, March 2002

Inflationary universe: A possible solution to the horizon and flatness problems journal, January 1981

POLARBEAR constraints on cosmic birefringence and primordial magnetic fields journal, December 2015

Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters journal, October 2014

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: two-season ACTPol spectra and parameters journal, June 2017

Constraints on primordial magnetic fields from Planck data combined with the South Pole Telescope CMB B -mode polarization measurements journal, March 2017

Design and characterization of 90 GHz feedhorn-coupled TES polarimeter pixels in the SPTPol camera conference, October 2012

South Pole Telescope optics journal, January 2008

Nature of the E − B decomposition of CMB polarization journal, October 2001

Feedhorn-coupled TES polarimeter camera modules at 150 GHz for CMB polarization measurements with SPTpol conference, October 2012

Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflation journal, October 2014

Planck 2015 results : XIII. Cosmological parameters journal, September 2016

Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment journal, January 2007

Constraints on neutrino mass from cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure journal, October 2015

Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves Using P l a n c k , WMAP, and New BICEP2/ K e c k Observations through the 2015 Season journal, November 2018

Detection of B -Mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background with Data from the South Pole Telescope journal, September 2013

South Pole Telescope software systems: control, monitoring, and data acquisition conference, September 2012

Current and Future Constraints on Primordial Magnetic Fields journal, September 2017

The NumPy Array: A Structure for Efficient Numerical Computation journal, March 2011

The 10 Meter South Pole Telescope journal, May 2011

THE FIRST PUBLIC RELEASE OF SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE DATA: MAPS OF A 95 deg 2 FIELD FROM 2008 OBSERVATIONS journal, November 2011

Measurements of the Temperature and E-mode Polarization of the CMB from 500 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data journal, January 2018

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: CMB polarization at 200 < ℓ < 9000 journal, October 2014

Limit on the Detectability of the Energy Scale of Inflation journal, June 2002

Neutrino physics from the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure journal, March 2015

A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background B -mode Polarization Power Spectrum at Subdegree Scales from Two Years of polarbear Data
journal, October 2017

CMB Polarization B -mode Delensing with SPTpol and Herschel
journal, August 2017

Year two instrument status of the SPT-3G cosmic microwave background receiver
conference, August 2018

BICEP2/KECK ARRAY V: MEASUREMENTS OF B -MODE POLARIZATION AT DEGREE ANGULAR SCALES AND 150 GHz BY THE KECK ARRAY
journal, September 2015

EXTRAGALACTIC MILLIMETER-WAVE POINT-SOURCE CATALOG, NUMBER COUNTS AND STATISTICS FROM 771 deg ² OF THE SPT-SZ SURVEY
journal, November 2013

MEASUREMENTS OF SUB-DEGREE B -MODE POLARIZATION IN THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND FROM 100 SQUARE DEGREES OF SPTPOL DATA
journal, July 2015

XSPECT, estimation of the angular power spectrum by computing cross-power spectra with analytical error bars
journal, April 2005

Faraday Rotation of Microwave Background Polarization by a Primordial Magnetic Field
journal, September 1996

Measurements of E-Mode Polarization and Temperature-E-Mode Correlation in the Cosmic Microwave Background from 100 Square Degrees of Sptpol data
journal, May 2015

Measuring Dark Matter Power Spectrum from Cosmic Microwave Background
journal, March 1999

Cosmological parameters from CMB and other data: A Monte Carlo approach
journal, November 2002

Planck 2015 results : XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields
journal, September 2016

Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey
journal, October 2019

Efficient Computation of Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies in Closed Friedmann‐Robertson‐Walker Models
journal, August 2000

General solution to the $E − B$ mixing problem
journal, August 2007

MASTER of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Power Spectrum: A Fast Method for Statistical Analysis of Large and Complex Cosmic Microwave Background Data Sets
journal, March 2002

Inflationary universe: A possible solution to the horizon and flatness problems
journal, January 1981

POLARBEAR constraints on cosmic birefringence and primordial magnetic fields
journal, December 2015

Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters
journal, October 2014

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: two-season ACTPol spectra and parameters
journal, June 2017

Constraints on primordial magnetic fields from Planck data combined with the South Pole Telescope CMB $B$ -mode polarization measurements
journal, March 2017

Design and characterization of 90 GHz feedhorn-coupled TES polarimeter pixels in the SPTPol camera
conference, October 2012

South Pole Telescope optics
journal, January 2008

Nature of the $E - B$ decomposition of CMB polarization
journal, October 2001

Feedhorn-coupled TES polarimeter camera modules at 150 GHz for CMB polarization measurements with SPTpol
conference, October 2012

Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflation
journal, October 2014

Planck 2015 results : XIII. Cosmological parameters
journal, September 2016

Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment
journal, January 2007

Constraints on neutrino mass from cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure
journal, October 2015

Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves Using $P l a n c k$ , WMAP, and New BICEP2/ $K e c k$ Observations through the 2015 Season
journal, November 2018

Detection of $B$ -Mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background with Data from the South Pole Telescope
journal, September 2013

South Pole Telescope software systems: control, monitoring, and data acquisition
conference, September 2012

Current and Future Constraints on Primordial Magnetic Fields
journal, September 2017

The NumPy Array: A Structure for Efficient Numerical Computation
journal, March 2011

The 10 Meter South Pole Telescope
journal, May 2011

THE FIRST PUBLIC RELEASE OF SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE DATA: MAPS OF A 95 deg ² FIELD FROM 2008 OBSERVATIONS
journal, November 2011

Measurements of the Temperature and E-mode Polarization of the CMB from 500 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data
journal, January 2018

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: CMB polarization at 200 < ℓ < 9000
journal, October 2014

Limit on the Detectability of the Energy Scale of Inflation
journal, June 2002

Neutrino physics from the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure
journal, March 2015