Typical occupancy profiles and behaviors in residential buildings in the United States

Mitra, Debrudra; Steinmetz, Nicholas; Chu, Yiyi; Cetin, Kristen S.

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109713

Title: Typical occupancy profiles and behaviors in residential buildings in the United States

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Abstract

The energy performance of a residential building is highly dependent on occupant's presence or non-presence in a building and their interactions with energy-consuming appliances. Typical occupancy schedules for residential buildings must be defined for applications such as building energy modeling as well as for assessing energy savings associated with the use of occupancy sensing technologies and occupancy-dependent controls. Currently, commonly used simulation programs assume a typical occupancy schedule, however, there is significant opportunity for improvement to these schedules as this is generally based on engineering judgement. This research uses 12 years of the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data to develop typical occupancy schedules for a range of household types and occupant age ranges. This is compared to currently utilized residential occupancy schedules. In many cases the developed schedules exhibit similar patterns, however, differences are also found to be as high as 41% for certain periods of time. For occupancy sensing applications, the spatial-temporal distribution of occupants in residential buildings is also evaluated. These locations vary based on temporal factors as well as demographic factors such as age and number of occupants. Finally, the results of this research work towards improved occupancy schedule development can benefit both industry professionals andmore » researchers.« less

Authors:

Mitra, Debrudra ^[1]; Steinmetz, Nicholas ^[1]; Chu, Yiyi ^[1]; Cetin, Kristen S. ^[2]

Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-12-19

Research Org.:: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

OSTI Identifier:: 1641755

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0001256

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Energy and Buildings

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 210; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0378-7788

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; Occupancy schedule; Presence; Residential building; Spatial distribution; American Time Use Survey

Citation Formats


                    Mitra, Debrudra, Steinmetz, Nicholas, Chu, Yiyi, and Cetin, Kristen S. Typical occupancy profiles and behaviors in residential buildings in the United States.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109713.

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                    Mitra, Debrudra, Steinmetz, Nicholas, Chu, Yiyi, & Cetin, Kristen S. Typical occupancy profiles and behaviors in residential buildings in the United States.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109713

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                    Mitra, Debrudra, Steinmetz, Nicholas, Chu, Yiyi, and Cetin, Kristen S. Thu .  
"Typical occupancy profiles and behaviors in residential buildings in the United States".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109713.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1641755.

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@article{osti_1641755,

  title        = {Typical occupancy profiles and behaviors in residential buildings in the United States},

  author       = {Mitra, Debrudra and Steinmetz, Nicholas and Chu, Yiyi and Cetin, Kristen S.},

  abstractNote = {The energy performance of a residential building is highly dependent on occupant's presence or non-presence in a building and their interactions with energy-consuming appliances. Typical occupancy schedules for residential buildings must be defined for applications such as building energy modeling as well as for assessing energy savings associated with the use of occupancy sensing technologies and occupancy-dependent controls. Currently, commonly used simulation programs assume a typical occupancy schedule, however, there is significant opportunity for improvement to these schedules as this is generally based on engineering judgement. This research uses 12 years of the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data to develop typical occupancy schedules for a range of household types and occupant age ranges. This is compared to currently utilized residential occupancy schedules. In many cases the developed schedules exhibit similar patterns, however, differences are also found to be as high as 41% for certain periods of time. For occupancy sensing applications, the spatial-temporal distribution of occupants in residential buildings is also evaluated. These locations vary based on temporal factors as well as demographic factors such as age and number of occupants. Finally, the results of this research work towards improved occupancy schedule development can benefit both industry professionals and researchers.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109713},

  journal      = {Energy and Buildings},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 210,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {12}

}

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