Investigating the Effects of Lithium Deposition on the Abuse Response of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Li deposition at the graphitic anode is widely reported in literature as one of the leading causes of capacity fade in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Previous literature has linked Li deposition resulting from low-temperature ageing to diminished safety characteristics, however no current research has probed the effects of Li deposition on the abuse response of well-characterized cells. Using overtemperature testing, a relationship between increased concentrations of Li deposition and exacerbated abuse response in 1 Ah pouch cells has been established. A novel Li deposition technique is also investigated, where cells with n:p < 1 (anode-limiting) have been cycled at a high rate to exploit Li+ diffusion limitations at the anode. Scanning Electron Microscopy of harvested anodes indicates substantial Li deposition in low n:p cells after 20 cycles, with intricate networks of Li(s) deposits which hinder Li+ intercalation/deintercalation. Peak broadening and decreased amplitude of differential capacity plots further validates a loss of lithium inventory to Li+ dissolution, and Powder X-ray Diffraction indicates Li+ intercalation with staging in anode interstitial sites as the extent of Li deposition increases. A cradle-to-grave approach is leveraged on cell fabrication and testing to eliminate uncertainty involving the effects of cell additives on Li deposition and other degradation mechanisms.
- Research Organization:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525; 89233218CNA000001
- OSTI ID:
- 1639089
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1764223
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2020-6867J; LA-UR-20-28159; 687152
- Journal Information:
- Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online), Vol. 167, Issue 9; ISSN 1945-7111
- Publisher:
- IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
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