Design of a pilot scale directly irradiated, high temperature, and low pressure moving particle cavity chamber for metal oxide reduction

Singh, Abhishek; Lapp, Justin; Grobbel, Johannes; Brendelberger, Stefan; Reinhold, Jan P.; Olivera, Lamark; Ermanoski, Ivan; Siegel, Nathan P.; McDaniel, Anthony; Roeb, Martin; Sattler, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.040

Title: Design of a pilot scale directly irradiated, high temperature, and low pressure moving particle cavity chamber for metal oxide reduction

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Abstract

Recently a novel design concept of a reactor—the cascading pressure reactor—for the thermochemical fuel production, using a solar-driven redox cycle, was proposed. In this concept, thermal reduction of metal oxide particles is completed in multiple stages, at successively lower pressures. This leads to an order of magnitude decrease in the pumping power demand as compared to a single stage, which in turn increases the solar to fuel efficiency. An important step in the process is the transfer of heat in the form of concentrated solar radiation to the particles, while providing reducing conditions in the space surrounding the particles. In this context, a novel system for heating and reducing particles, with a focus on operating at the small prototype scale (below 20 kW), is investigated. The key goals of the system are continuous operation, uniform heating of the reactive material, the ability to heat reactive material to 1723 K or higher, and flexibility of control. These criteria have led to the conceptual design of a continuous thin-layer particle conveyor, contained in an apertured, windowed cavity and enclosed in a vacuum chamber. This chamber, in combination with a water-splitting chamber and other system components, allows the possibility of testing multiple redoxmore »« less

Authors:

Singh, Abhishek ^[1]; Lapp, Justin ^[1]; Grobbel, Johannes ^[2]; Brendelberger, Stefan ^[1]; Reinhold, Jan P. ^[1]; Olivera, Lamark ^[1]; Ermanoski, Ivan ^[3]; Siegel, Nathan P. ^[4]; McDaniel, Anthony ^[5]; Roeb, Martin ^[1]; Sattler, Christian ^[1]

German Aerospace Center, Köln (Germany)
German Aerospace Center, Jülich (Germany)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Bucknell Univ., Lewisburg, PA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Fuel Cell Technologies Office; German Helmholtz Association

OSTI Identifier:: 1639076

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1564388

Report Number(s):: SAND-2020-6554J
Journal ID: ISSN 0038-092X; 686945

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Solar Energy

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 157; Journal ID: ISSN 0038-092X

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING; Thermochemical; Metal oxide; Reduction reactor; Pressure cascade

Citation Formats


                    Singh, Abhishek, Lapp, Justin, Grobbel, Johannes, Brendelberger, Stefan, Reinhold, Jan P., Olivera, Lamark, Ermanoski, Ivan, Siegel, Nathan P., McDaniel, Anthony, Roeb, Martin, and Sattler, Christian. Design of a pilot scale directly irradiated, high temperature, and low pressure moving particle cavity chamber for metal oxide reduction.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.040.

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                    Singh, Abhishek, Lapp, Justin, Grobbel, Johannes, Brendelberger, Stefan, Reinhold, Jan P., Olivera, Lamark, Ermanoski, Ivan, Siegel, Nathan P., McDaniel, Anthony, Roeb, Martin, & Sattler, Christian. Design of a pilot scale directly irradiated, high temperature, and low pressure moving particle cavity chamber for metal oxide reduction.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.040

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                    Singh, Abhishek, Lapp, Justin, Grobbel, Johannes, Brendelberger, Stefan, Reinhold, Jan P., Olivera, Lamark, Ermanoski, Ivan, Siegel, Nathan P., McDaniel, Anthony, Roeb, Martin, and Sattler, Christian. Fri .  
"Design of a pilot scale directly irradiated, high temperature, and low pressure moving particle cavity chamber for metal oxide reduction".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.040.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1639076.

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@article{osti_1639076,

  title        = {Design of a pilot scale directly irradiated, high temperature, and low pressure moving particle cavity chamber for metal oxide reduction},

  author       = {Singh, Abhishek and Lapp, Justin and Grobbel, Johannes and Brendelberger, Stefan and Reinhold, Jan P. and Olivera, Lamark and Ermanoski, Ivan and Siegel, Nathan P. and McDaniel, Anthony and Roeb, Martin and Sattler, Christian},

  abstractNote = {Recently a novel design concept of a reactor—the cascading pressure reactor—for the thermochemical fuel production, using a solar-driven redox cycle, was proposed. In this concept, thermal reduction of metal oxide particles is completed in multiple stages, at successively lower pressures. This leads to an order of magnitude decrease in the pumping power demand as compared to a single stage, which in turn increases the solar to fuel efficiency. An important step in the process is the transfer of heat in the form of concentrated solar radiation to the particles, while providing reducing conditions in the space surrounding the particles. In this context, a novel system for heating and reducing particles, with a focus on operating at the small prototype scale (below 20 kW), is investigated. The key goals of the system are continuous operation, uniform heating of the reactive material, the ability to heat reactive material to 1723 K or higher, and flexibility of control. These criteria have led to the conceptual design of a continuous thin-layer particle conveyor, contained in an apertured, windowed cavity and enclosed in a vacuum chamber. This chamber, in combination with a water-splitting chamber and other system components, allows the possibility of testing multiple redox materials without any significant change in the reactor design. The present work shows a potential design for the proposed component, feasibility tests of the physics of moving particles with relevant materials, and series of interconnected numerical models and calculations that can be used to size such a system for the appropriate scales of power and mass flow rates. The use of a unified design strategy has led to efficient development of the system. Experimental investigations of the horizontal motion plate allowed effective determination of motion profiles and bed uniformity. We note the most important factors determined through the modeling effort were the aperture diameter, which serves as the coupling point between the solar simulator lamp array and the cavity particle heating, and the particle bed thickness, which has a strong effect on the outlet temperature of the particles.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.040},

  journal      = {Solar Energy},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 157,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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