Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
Abstract
Sequential deposition has great potential to achieve high performance in organic solar cells due to the resulting well-controlled vertical phase separation. In this work, double bulk heterojunction organic solar cells are fabricated by sequential-blade cast in ambient conditions. Probed by the in situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and in situ UV–vis absorption measurements, the seq-blade system exhibits a different tendency from each of the binary films during the film formation process. Due to the extensive aggregation of FOIC, the binary PBDB-T:FOIC film displays a strong and large phase separation, resulting in low current density (J sc) and unsatisfactory power conversion efficiency. In the seq-blade cast system, the bottom layer PBDB-T:IT-M produces many crystal nuclei for the top layer PBDB-T:FOIC, so the PBDB-T molecules are able to crystallize easily and quickly. Balanced crystallization kinetics between polymer and small molecule and an ideal percolation network in the film are observed. In addition, the balanced crystallization kinetics are favorable toward realizing lower recombination loss through charge transport processes.
- Authors:
-
- Xi'an Jiaotong Univ., Shaanxi (China)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Donghua Univ., Shanghai (China)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1637702
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1633127
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; 2016YFA0200700; 21704082; 21875182; 21534003; 2017M623162; BP2018008; 2020JQ‐015; DE‐AC02‐05CH11231; AC02‐05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Energy Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 28; Journal ID: ISSN 1614-6832
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 14 SOLAR ENERGY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Wang, Yilin, Wang, Xiaohui, Lin, Baojun, Bi, Zhaozhao, Zhou, Xiaobo, Naveed, Hafiz Bilal, Zhou, Ke, Yan, Hongping, Tang, Zheng, and Ma, Wei. Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1002/aenm.202000826.
Wang, Yilin, Wang, Xiaohui, Lin, Baojun, Bi, Zhaozhao, Zhou, Xiaobo, Naveed, Hafiz Bilal, Zhou, Ke, Yan, Hongping, Tang, Zheng, & Ma, Wei. Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000826
Wang, Yilin, Wang, Xiaohui, Lin, Baojun, Bi, Zhaozhao, Zhou, Xiaobo, Naveed, Hafiz Bilal, Zhou, Ke, Yan, Hongping, Tang, Zheng, and Ma, Wei. Thu .
"Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000826. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1637702.
@article{osti_1637702,
title = {Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells},
author = {Wang, Yilin and Wang, Xiaohui and Lin, Baojun and Bi, Zhaozhao and Zhou, Xiaobo and Naveed, Hafiz Bilal and Zhou, Ke and Yan, Hongping and Tang, Zheng and Ma, Wei},
abstractNote = {Sequential deposition has great potential to achieve high performance in organic solar cells due to the resulting well-controlled vertical phase separation. In this work, double bulk heterojunction organic solar cells are fabricated by sequential-blade cast in ambient conditions. Probed by the in situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and in situ UV–vis absorption measurements, the seq-blade system exhibits a different tendency from each of the binary films during the film formation process. Due to the extensive aggregation of FOIC, the binary PBDB-T:FOIC film displays a strong and large phase separation, resulting in low current density (J sc) and unsatisfactory power conversion efficiency. In the seq-blade cast system, the bottom layer PBDB-T:IT-M produces many crystal nuclei for the top layer PBDB-T:FOIC, so the PBDB-T molecules are able to crystallize easily and quickly. Balanced crystallization kinetics between polymer and small molecule and an ideal percolation network in the film are observed. In addition, the balanced crystallization kinetics are favorable toward realizing lower recombination loss through charge transport processes.},
doi = {10.1002/aenm.202000826},
journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
number = 28,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jun 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Thu Jun 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Understanding the High Performance of over 15% Efficiency in Single‐Junction Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
journal, October 2019
- Karki, Akchheta; Vollbrecht, Joachim; Dixon, Alana L.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 48
Layer-by-Layer Processed Organic Solar Cells
journal, April 2016
- Wang, Yifan; Zhan, Xiaowei
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 17
Highly efficient and stable organic solar cell modules processed by blade coating with 5.6% module efficiency and active area of 216 cm 2
journal, October 2018
- Huang, Kuan-Min; Wong, Ying Qian; Lin, Man-Chun
- Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, Vol. 27, Issue 3
Comparison of the Morphology Development of Polymer-Fullerene and Polymer-Polymer Solar Cells during Solution-Shearing Blade Coating
journal, August 2016
- Gu, Xiaodan; Yan, Hongping; Kurosawa, Tadanori
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 22
Impact of interfacial molecular orientation on radiative recombination and charge generation efficiency
journal, July 2017
- Ran, Niva A.; Roland, Steffen; Love, John A.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Achieving Balanced Crystallinity of Donor and Acceptor by Combining Blade-Coating and Ternary Strategies in Organic Solar Cells
journal, October 2018
- Zhang, Lin; Xu, Xianbin; Lin, Baojun
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 51
High-efficiency non-fullerene organic solar cells enabled by a difluorobenzothiadiazole-based donor polymer combined with a properly matched small molecule acceptor
journal, January 2015
- Zhao, Jingbo; Li, Yunke; Lin, Haoran
- Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Benzo[1,2- b :4,5- b ′]diselenophene-fused nonfullerene acceptors with alternative aromatic ring-based and monochlorinated end groups: a new synergistic strategy to simultaneously achieve highly efficient organic solar cells with the energy loss of 0.49 eV
journal, January 2019
- Wan, Shi-Sheng; Xu, Xiaopeng; Wang, Jin-Liang
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 19
The Critical Impact of Material and Process Compatibility on the Active Layer Morphology and Performance of Organic Ternary Solar Cells
journal, November 2018
- Kim, Joo-Hyun; Schaefer, Charley; Ma, Tingxuan
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Resonance-enhanced x-rays in thin films: a structure probe for membranes and surface layers
journal, October 1992
- Wang, J.; Bedzyk, M.; Caffrey, M.
- Science, Vol. 258, Issue 5083
Fast charge separation in a non-fullerene organic solar cell with a small driving force
journal, June 2016
- Liu, Jing; Chen, Shangshang; Qian, Deping
- Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 7
In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating
journal, October 2017
- Manley, Eric F.; Strzalka, Joseph; Fauvell, Thomas J.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 43
Use of two structurally similar small molecular acceptors enabling ternary organic solar cells with high efficiencies and fill factors
journal, January 2018
- Liu, Tao; Luo, Zhenghui; Fan, Qunping
- Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 11
Electroluminescence from Charge Transfer States in Polymer Solar Cells
journal, August 2009
- Tvingstedt, Kristofer; Vandewal, Koen; Gadisa, Abay
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 33
A Printable Organic Cathode Interlayer Enables over 13% Efficiency for 1-cm2 Organic Solar Cells
journal, January 2019
- Kang, Qian; Ye, Long; Xu, Bowei
- Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Regulating Bulk‐Heterojunction Molecular Orientations through Surface Free Energy Control of Hole‐Transporting Layers for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells
journal, March 2019
- Wang, Jianqiu; Zheng, Zhong; Zhang, Dongyang
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 17
Soft x-ray scattering facility at the Advanced Light Source with real-time data processing and analysis
journal, April 2012
- Gann, E.; Young, A. T.; Collins, B. A.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 4
Influence of Blend Morphology and Energetics on Charge Separation and Recombination Dynamics in Organic Solar Cells Incorporating a Nonfullerene Acceptor
journal, November 2017
- Cha, Hyojung; Wheeler, Scot; Holliday, Sarah
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 3
Ternary organic solar cells based on two compatible PDI-based acceptors with an enhanced power conversion efficiency
journal, January 2019
- Weng, Kangkang; Li, Chao; Bi, Pengqing
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 8
Selenopheno[3,2- b ]thiophene-Based Narrow-Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptor Enabling 13.3% Efficiency for Organic Solar Cells with Thickness-Insensitive Feature
journal, November 2018
- Wang, Jin-Liang; Liu, Kai-Kai; Hong, Ling
- ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 12
Blade-Cast Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells in Air with Excellent Morphology, Efficiency, and Stability
journal, April 2018
- Zhang, Lin; Lin, Baojun; Hu, Bo
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 22
Morphology changes upon scaling a high-efficiency, solution-processed solar cell
journal, January 2016
- Ro, Hyun Wook; Downing, Jonathan M.; Engmann, Sebastian
- Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 9
Importance of Nucleation during Morphology Evolution of the Blade-Cast PffBT4T-2OD-Based Organic Solar Cells
journal, August 2018
- Bi, Zhaozhao; Naveed, Hafiz Bilal; Mao, Yimin
- Macromolecules, Vol. 51, Issue 17
Fused Tris(thienothiophene)-Based Electron Acceptor with Strong Near-Infrared Absorption for High-Performance As-Cast Solar Cells
journal, January 2018
- Li, Tengfei; Dai, Shuixing; Ke, Zhifan
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 10
In situ UV-visible absorption during spin-coating of organic semiconductors: a new probe for organic electronics and photovoltaics
journal, January 2014
- Abdelsamie, Maged; Zhao, Kui; Niazi, Muhammad R.
- Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 2, Issue 17
In Situ Morphology Studies of the Mechanism for Solution Additive Effects on the Formation of Bulk Heterojunction Films
journal, September 2014
- Richter, Lee J.; DeLongchamp, Dean M.; Bokel, Felicia A.
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 3
Quantitative relations between interaction parameter, miscibility and function in organic solar cells
journal, February 2018
- Ye, Long; Hu, Huawei; Ghasemi, Masoud
- Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 3
Efficient organic solar cells processed from hydrocarbon solvents
journal, January 2016
- Zhao, Jingbo; Li, Yunke; Yang, Guofang
- Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 2
Solution-processable functionalized graphene in donor/acceptor-type organic photovoltaic cells
journal, July 2010
- Liu, Zhiyong; He, Dawei; Wang, Yongsheng
- Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 94, Issue 7
Molecular Orientation of Polymer Acceptor Dominates Open-Circuit Voltage Losses in All-Polymer Solar Cells
journal, April 2019
- Zhou, Ke; Wu, Yang; Liu, Yanfeng
- ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 5
A universal layer-by-layer solution-processing approach for efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells
journal, January 2019
- Sun, Rui; Guo, Jing; Sun, Chenkai
- Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Nanoscale Morphology of High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells
journal, April 2005
- Yang, Xiaoniu; Loos, Joachim; Veenstra, Sjoerd C.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 4, p. 579-583
Morphology Control Enables Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells
journal, August 2018
- Xie, Yuanpeng; Yang, Fan; Li, Yuxiang
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 38
Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Consisting of Double Bulk Heterojunction Layers
journal, March 2017
- Huang, Jiang; Wang, Hanyu; Yan, Kangrong
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 19
Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss Caused by Aggregation of Nonfullerene Acceptor in Organic Solar Cells
journal, August 2019
- Qin, Yunpeng; Zhang, Shaoqing; Xu, Ye
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 35
Multiple Cases of Efficient Nonfullerene Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by an Effective Morphology Control Method
journal, December 2017
- Jiang, Kui; Zhang, Guangye; Yang, Guofang
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 9
Solvent Additives: Key Morphology-Directing Agents for Solution-Processed Organic Solar Cells
journal, June 2018
- McDowell, Caitlin; Abdelsamie, Maged; Toney, Michael F.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 33
Energy-Level Modulation of Small-Molecule Electron Acceptors to Achieve over 12% Efficiency in Polymer Solar Cells
journal, September 2016
- Li, Sunsun; Ye, Long; Zhao, Wenchao
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 42
Layer-by-Layer Solution-Processed Low-Bandgap Polymer-PC 61 BM Solar Cells with High Efficiency
journal, March 2014
- Cheng, Pei; Hou, Jianhui; Li, Yongfang
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 9
Scherrer grain-size analysis adapted to grazing-incidence scattering with area detectors. Erratum
journal, January 2013
- Smilgies, Detlef-M.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 46, Issue 1
Optimized Fibril Network Morphology by Precise Side-Chain Engineering to Achieve High-Performance Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
journal, May 2018
- Liu, Tao; Huo, Lijun; Chandrabose, Sreelakshmi
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 26
Organic Planar Heterojunctions: From Models for Interfaces in Bulk Heterojunctions to High-Performance Solar Cells
journal, November 2016
- Nakano, Kyohei; Tajima, Keisuke
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 25
Graphdiyne Derivative as Multifunctional Solid Additive in Binary Organic Solar Cells with 17.3% Efficiency and High Reproductivity
journal, February 2020
- Liu, Le; Kan, Yuanyuan; Gao, Ke
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 11
Revealing the Impact of F4-TCNQ as Additive on Morphology and Performance of High-Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
journal, November 2018
- Xiong, Yuan; Ye, Long; Gadisa, Abay
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 1
Light intensity dependence of open-circuit voltage of polymer:fullerene solar cells
journal, March 2005
- Koster, L. J. A.; Mihailetchi, V. D.; Ramaker, R.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 12
Ternary Organic Solar Cells Based on Two Compatible Nonfullerene Acceptors with Power Conversion Efficiency >10%
journal, September 2016
- Liu, Tao; Guo, Yuan; Yi, Yuanping
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 45
Relating the open-circuit voltage to interface molecular properties of donor:acceptor bulk heterojunction solar cells
journal, March 2010
- Vandewal, Koen; Tvingstedt, Kristofer; Gadisa, Abay
- Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 12
Synergistic Impact of Solvent and Polymer Additives on the Film Formation of Small Molecule Blend Films for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells
journal, July 2015
- McDowell, Caitlin; Abdelsamie, Maged; Zhao, Kui
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 18
Understanding Energy Loss in Organic Solar Cells: Toward a New Efficiency Regime
journal, January 2018
- Menke, S. Matthew; Ran, Niva A.; Bazan, Guillermo C.
- Joule, Vol. 2, Issue 1
Single-Junction Organic Solar Cell with over 15% Efficiency Using Fused-Ring Acceptor with Electron-Deficient Core
journal, April 2019
- Yuan, Jun; Zhang, Yunqiang; Zhou, Liuyang
- Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 4
Probing surface and interface morphology with Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-Ray Scattering
journal, August 2009
- Renaud, Gilles; Lazzari, Rémi; Leroy, Frédéric
- Surface Science Reports, Vol. 64, Issue 8
High-Performance Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells Based on a Selenium-Containing Polymer Donor and a Twisted Perylene Bisimide Acceptor
journal, April 2016
- Liu, Tao; Meng, Dong; Cai, Yunhao
- Advanced Science, Vol. 3, Issue 9
Interfacial and Bulk Nanostructures Control Loss of Charges in Organic Solar Cells
journal, September 2019
- Naveed, Hafiz Bilal; Zhou, Ke; Ma, Wei
- Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 52, Issue 10
Charge Separation in Intermixed Polymer:PC 70 BM Photovoltaic Blends: Correlating Structural and Photophysical Length Scales as a Function of Blend Composition
journal, May 2017
- Utzat, Hendrik; Dimitrov, Stoichko D.; Wheeler, Scot
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 121, Issue 18
Higher Mobility and Carrier Lifetimes in Solution-Processable Small-Molecule Ternary Solar Cells with 11% Efficiency
journal, December 2018
- Liang, Ru-Ze; Zhang, Yiming; Savikhin, Victoria
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 7
Solvent Additive Effects on Small Molecule Crystallization in Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Probed During Spin Casting
journal, September 2013
- Perez, Louis A.; Chou, Kang Wei; Love, John A.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 44
Panchromatic Sequentially Cast Ternary Polymer Solar Cells
journal, November 2016
- Ghasemi, Masoud; Ye, Long; Zhang, Qianqian
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 4
Morphology Control in Organic Solar Cells
journal, March 2018
- Zhao, Fuwen; Wang, Chunru; Zhan, Xiaowei
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 28
Domain Purity, Miscibility, and Molecular Orientation at Donor/Acceptor Interfaces in High Performance Organic Solar Cells: Paths to Further Improvement
journal, March 2013
- Ma, Wei; Tumbleston, John R.; Wang, Ming
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 7
Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by the Integration of Nonfullerene and Fullerene Acceptors with a Broad Composition Tolerance
journal, December 2018
- Fu, Huiting; Li, Chao; Bi, Pengqing
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 4
Fullerene-Free Polymer Solar Cells with over 11% Efficiency and Excellent Thermal Stability
journal, April 2016
- Zhao, Wenchao; Qian, Deping; Zhang, Shaoqing
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 23
Beyond Langevin Recombination: How Equilibrium Between Free Carriers and Charge Transfer States Determines the Open-Circuit Voltage of Organic Solar Cells
journal, April 2015
- Burke, Timothy M.; Sweetnam, Sean; Vandewal, Koen
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Scherrer grain-size analysis adapted to grazing-incidence scattering with area detectors
journal, October 2009
- Smilgies, Detlef-M.
- Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 42, Issue 6
Origin of the light intensity dependence of the short-circuit current of polymer/fullerene solar cells
journal, November 2005
- Koster, L. J. A.; Mihailetchi, V. D.; Xie, H.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 87, Issue 20
Toward Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Processed by a Solution-Processed Layer-By-Layer Approach
journal, July 2018
- Cui, Yong; Zhang, Shaoqing; Liang, Ningning
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 34