Fullerene-like defects in high-temperature neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite
Abstract
Irradiation-induced defect evolution in graphite is particularly important for its application in graphite-moderated nuclear reactors. The evolution of defects directly influences macroscopically observed property changes in irradiated nuclear graphite which, in turn, can govern the lifetime of graphite components. This article reports novel defect structures and the irradiation response of microstructural features occurring in high-temperature irradiated nuclear graphite IG-110. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to characterize specimens neutron-irradiated at a high temperature (≥ 800°C) at doses of 1.73 and 3.56 atomic displacements per atom (dpa). Concentric shelled and fullerene-like defects were found to result in swelling along the c-axis and contraction along the a/b-axis of crystallites. Furthermore, such defects are shown to occur within, and partially fill, Mrozowski cracks prior to turnaround dose. In addition, in situ TEM under similar irradiation conditions was used to capture the real-time dynamic evolution of defects, providing unambiguous analysis of the evolution of the graphite structures during irradiation. Here, the results suggest the mainstream theory for radiation damage in nuclear graphite (which assumes additional basal plane formation as the sole reason) to be an incorrect interpretation of defect evolution contributing to irradiation-induced property changes at higher temperatures.
- Authors:
-
- Boise State Univ., ID (United States)
- Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Boise State Univ., ID (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- Contributing Org.:
- Idaho National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1637676
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1630663
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016427; AC02-05CH11231; AC07-051D14517
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Carbon
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 166; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0008-6223
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS; nuclear graphite; transmission electron microscopy
Citation Formats
Johns, Steve, He, Lingfeng, Bustillo, Karen, Windes, William E., Ubic, Rick, and Karthik, Chinnathambi. Fullerene-like defects in high-temperature neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2020.05.028.
Johns, Steve, He, Lingfeng, Bustillo, Karen, Windes, William E., Ubic, Rick, & Karthik, Chinnathambi. Fullerene-like defects in high-temperature neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.05.028
Johns, Steve, He, Lingfeng, Bustillo, Karen, Windes, William E., Ubic, Rick, and Karthik, Chinnathambi. Sat .
"Fullerene-like defects in high-temperature neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.05.028. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1637676.
@article{osti_1637676,
title = {Fullerene-like defects in high-temperature neutron-irradiated nuclear graphite},
author = {Johns, Steve and He, Lingfeng and Bustillo, Karen and Windes, William E. and Ubic, Rick and Karthik, Chinnathambi},
abstractNote = {Irradiation-induced defect evolution in graphite is particularly important for its application in graphite-moderated nuclear reactors. The evolution of defects directly influences macroscopically observed property changes in irradiated nuclear graphite which, in turn, can govern the lifetime of graphite components. This article reports novel defect structures and the irradiation response of microstructural features occurring in high-temperature irradiated nuclear graphite IG-110. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to characterize specimens neutron-irradiated at a high temperature (≥ 800°C) at doses of 1.73 and 3.56 atomic displacements per atom (dpa). Concentric shelled and fullerene-like defects were found to result in swelling along the c-axis and contraction along the a/b-axis of crystallites. Furthermore, such defects are shown to occur within, and partially fill, Mrozowski cracks prior to turnaround dose. In addition, in situ TEM under similar irradiation conditions was used to capture the real-time dynamic evolution of defects, providing unambiguous analysis of the evolution of the graphite structures during irradiation. Here, the results suggest the mainstream theory for radiation damage in nuclear graphite (which assumes additional basal plane formation as the sole reason) to be an incorrect interpretation of defect evolution contributing to irradiation-induced property changes at higher temperatures.},
doi = {10.1016/j.carbon.2020.05.028},
journal = {Carbon},
number = C,
volume = 166,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat May 16 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Sat May 16 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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