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Title: Supernova Muons: New Constraints on Z' Bosons, Axions and ALPs

Abstract

New light particles produced in supernovae can lead to additional energy loss and a consequent deficit in neutrino production in conflict with the neutrinos observed from Supernova 1987A (SN1987A). Contrary to the majority of previous SN1987A studies, we examine the impact of Z' bosons, axions, and axion-like particles (ALPs) interacting with the muons produced in SN1987A. For the first time, we find constraints on generic Z' bosons coupled to muons, and apply our results to particle models including gauged $$L_μ –L_τ$$ number, U(1)$$_{L_μ–L_τ}$$, and gauged B – L number, U(1)$$_{B–L}$$. We constrain Z' bosons with masses up to about 250 – 500 MeV, and down to about 10–9 in Z'-muon coupling. We also extend previous work on axion-muon couplings by examining the importance of loop-level interactions, as well as performing calculations over a wider range of axion masses. We constrain muon-coupled axions from arbitrarily low masses up to about 200 – 500 MeV, with bounds extending down to axion-muon couplings of approximately 10–8 GeV–1. We conclude that supernovae broadly provide a sensitive probe of new lightly-coupled particles interacting with muons.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]
  1. TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
  2. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
  3. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  4. Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Research Council Canada (NRC)
OSTI Identifier:
1637603
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1774148; OSTI ID: 1824809
Report Number(s):
MIT-CTP/5214; FERMILAB-PUB-20-246-A-T
Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479; oai:inspirehep.net:1802845; TRN: US2201643
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11359; SC0011637; SC0012567; SC0013999; 80NSSC19K1515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2021; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479
Publisher:
Springer Nature
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Beyond Standard Model; Thermal Field Theory

Citation Formats

Croon, Djuna, Elor, Gilly, Leane, Rebecca K., and McDermott, Samuel D. Supernova Muons: New Constraints on Z' Bosons, Axions and ALPs. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1007/jhep01(2021)107.
Croon, Djuna, Elor, Gilly, Leane, Rebecca K., & McDermott, Samuel D. Supernova Muons: New Constraints on Z' Bosons, Axions and ALPs. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep01(2021)107
Croon, Djuna, Elor, Gilly, Leane, Rebecca K., and McDermott, Samuel D. Tue . "Supernova Muons: New Constraints on Z' Bosons, Axions and ALPs". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep01(2021)107. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1637603.
@article{osti_1637603,
title = {Supernova Muons: New Constraints on Z' Bosons, Axions and ALPs},
author = {Croon, Djuna and Elor, Gilly and Leane, Rebecca K. and McDermott, Samuel D.},
abstractNote = {New light particles produced in supernovae can lead to additional energy loss and a consequent deficit in neutrino production in conflict with the neutrinos observed from Supernova 1987A (SN1987A). Contrary to the majority of previous SN1987A studies, we examine the impact of Z' bosons, axions, and axion-like particles (ALPs) interacting with the muons produced in SN1987A. For the first time, we find constraints on generic Z' bosons coupled to muons, and apply our results to particle models including gauged $L_μ –L_τ$ number, U(1)$_{L_μ–L_τ}$, and gauged B – L number, U(1)$_{B–L}$. We constrain Z' bosons with masses up to about 250 – 500 MeV, and down to about 10–9 in Z'-muon coupling. We also extend previous work on axion-muon couplings by examining the importance of loop-level interactions, as well as performing calculations over a wider range of axion masses. We constrain muon-coupled axions from arbitrarily low masses up to about 200 – 500 MeV, with bounds extending down to axion-muon couplings of approximately 10–8 GeV–1. We conclude that supernovae broadly provide a sensitive probe of new lightly-coupled particles interacting with muons.},
doi = {10.1007/jhep01(2021)107},
journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 2021,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Tue Jan 19 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}

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