Title: Postglacial migration shaped the genomic diversity and global distribution of the wild ancestor of lager-brewing hybrids

Abstract

The wild, cold-adapted parent of hybrid lager-brewing yeasts, Saccharomyces eubayanus, has a complex and understudied natural history. The exploration of this diversity can be used both to develop new brewing applications and to enlighten our understanding of the dynamics of yeast evolution in the wild. Here, we integrate whole genome sequence and phenotypic data of 200 S. eubayanus strains, the largest collection known to date. S. eubayanus has a multilayered population structure, consisting of two major populations that are further structured into six subpopulations. Four of these subpopulations are found exclusively in the Patagonian region of South America; one is found predominantly in Patagonia and sparsely in Oceania and North America; and one is specific to the Holarctic ecozone. Plant host associations differed between subpopulations and between S. eubayanus and its sister species, Saccharomyces uvarum. S. eubayanus is most abundant and genetically diverse in northern Patagonia, where some locations harbor more genetic diversity than is found outside of South America, suggesting that northern Patagonia east of the Andes was a glacial refugium for this species. All but one subpopulation shows isolation-by-distance, and gene flow between subpopulations is low. However, there are strong signals of ancient and recent outcrossing, including twomore » admixed lineages, one that is sympatric with and one that is mostly isolated from its parental populations. Using our extensive biogeographical data, we build a robust model that predicts all known and a handful of additional regions of the globe that are climatically suitable for S. eubayanus, including Europe where host accessibility and competitive exclusion by other Saccharomyces species may explain its continued elusiveness. We conclude that this industrially relevant species has rich natural diversity with many factors contributing to its complex distribution and natural history.« less

Authors:

Langdon, Quinn K. ^[1]; Peris, David  ^[2];

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Eizaguirre, Juan I. ^[3]; Opulente, Dana A.  ^[1];

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Buh, Kelly V. ^[1]; Sylvester, Kayla  ^[1];

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Jarzyna, Martin  ^[1];

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Rodríguez, María E.  ^[4];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0003-0604-7208"

Lopes, Christian A.  ^[4];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-3565-5811"

Libkind, Diego  ^[3];

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Hittinger, Chris Todd  ^[1];

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• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0001-5088-7461"

Copenhaver, Gregory P. ^[5]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
2. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Inst. of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Valencia (Spain)
3. Univ. Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche (Argentina)
4. Inst. de Investigacion y Desarrollo enIngenierıa de Procesos, Neuquen (Argentina)
5. Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)

Publication Date:

Mon Apr 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:

Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Contributing Org.:

University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center DNA Sequencing Facility; Agricultural Research Service (ARS) NRRL collection

OSTI Identifier:

1637493

Grant/Contract Number:  

SC0018409; FC02-07ER64494

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

PLoS Genetics

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 16; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1553-7404

Publisher:

Public Library of Science

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; phylogeography; species diversity; South America; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Europe; biogeography; nucleotide sequencing; Saccharomyces