Subnanosecond phase transition dynamics in laser-shocked iron
- Yonsei Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Pohang Accelerator Lab. (PAL) (Korea, Republic of)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Korea Polar Research Inst., Incheon (Korea, Republic of)
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China)
- Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
- Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China); Osaka Univ. (Japan)
- Yonsei Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China)
Iron is one of the most studied chemical elements due to its sociotechnological and planetary importance; hence, understanding its structural transition dynamics is of vital interest. By combining a short pulse optical laser and an ultrashort free electron laser pulse, we have observed the subnanosecond structural dynamics of iron from high-quality x-ray diffraction data measured at 50-ps intervals up to 2500 ps. We unequivocally identify a three-wave structure during the initial compression and a two-wave structure during the decaying shock, involving all of the known structural types of iron (α-, γ-, and ε-phase). In the final stage, negative lattice pressures are generated by the propagation of rarefaction waves, leading to the formation of expanded phases and the recovery of γ-phase. Our observations demonstrate the unique capability of measuring the atomistic evolution during the entire lattice compression and release processes at unprecedented time and strain rate.
- Research Organization:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Korean Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIP); Korea Polar Research Institute; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; AC02-06CH11357; AC52-07NA27344; NRF-2018R1A3B1052042; NRF-2016K1A4A3914691; NRF-2016K1A3A7A09005244; PE20200
- OSTI ID:
- 1635678
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1638045; OSTI ID: 1783916
- Journal Information:
- Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 23; ISSN 2375-2548
- Publisher:
- AAASCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
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