Phase-locked photonic wire lasers by π coupling
Abstract
The term photonic wire laser is now widely used for lasers with transverse dimensions much smaller than the wavelength. As a result, a large fraction of the mode propagates outside the solid core. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a scheme to form a coupled cavity by taking advantage of this unique feature of photonic wire lasers. In this scheme, we used quantum cascade lasers with antenna-coupled third-order distributed feedback grating as the platform. Inspired by the chemistry of hybridization, our scheme phase-locks multiple such lasers by π coupling. With the coupled-cavity laser, we demonstrated several performance metrics that are important for various applications in sensing and imaging: a continuous electrical tuning of ~10 GHz at ~3.8 THz (fractional tuning of ~0.26%), a good level of output power (~50–90 mW of continuous-wave power) and tight beam patterns (~100 of beam divergence).
- Authors:
-
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Univ. of Shanghai for Science and Technology (China)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1633982
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2020-5990J
Journal ID: ISSN 1749-4885; 686655
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Photonics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 13; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1749-4885
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 42 ENGINEERING; Quantum cascade lasers; Semiconductor lasers; Sub-wavelength optics
Citation Formats
Khalatpour, Ali, Reno, John L., and Hu, Qing. Phase-locked photonic wire lasers by π coupling. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41566-018-0307-0.
Khalatpour, Ali, Reno, John L., & Hu, Qing. Phase-locked photonic wire lasers by π coupling. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0307-0
Khalatpour, Ali, Reno, John L., and Hu, Qing. Mon .
"Phase-locked photonic wire lasers by π coupling". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0307-0. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1633982.
@article{osti_1633982,
title = {Phase-locked photonic wire lasers by π coupling},
author = {Khalatpour, Ali and Reno, John L. and Hu, Qing},
abstractNote = {The term photonic wire laser is now widely used for lasers with transverse dimensions much smaller than the wavelength. As a result, a large fraction of the mode propagates outside the solid core. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a scheme to form a coupled cavity by taking advantage of this unique feature of photonic wire lasers. In this scheme, we used quantum cascade lasers with antenna-coupled third-order distributed feedback grating as the platform. Inspired by the chemistry of hybridization, our scheme phase-locks multiple such lasers by π coupling. With the coupled-cavity laser, we demonstrated several performance metrics that are important for various applications in sensing and imaging: a continuous electrical tuning of ~10 GHz at ~3.8 THz (fractional tuning of ~0.26%), a good level of output power (~50–90 mW of continuous-wave power) and tight beam patterns (~100 of beam divergence).},
doi = {10.1038/s41566-018-0307-0},
journal = {Nature Photonics},
number = 1,
volume = 13,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Dec 10 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Mon Dec 10 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Demonstration of a spaser-based nanolaser
journal, August 2009
- Noginov, M. A.; Zhu, G.; Belgrave, A. M.
- Nature, Vol. 460, Issue 7259
Unidirectional photonic wire laser
journal, August 2017
- Khalatpour, Ali; Reno, John L.; Kherani, Nazir P.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 11, Issue 9
Broadband Continuous Tuning of a THz Quantum-Cascade VECSEL
conference, January 2017
- Curwen, Christopher A.; Xu, Luyao; Reno, John L.
- CLEO: Science and Innovations, Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
Subwavelength Microdisk and Microring Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers
journal, August 2007
- Fasching, Gernot; Tamosiunas, Vincas; Benz, Alexander
- IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. 43, Issue 8
Early detection of skin cancer via terahertz spectral profiling and 3D imaging
journal, August 2016
- Rahman, Anis; Rahman, Aunik K.; Rao, Babar
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Vol. 82
Small optical volume terahertz emitting microdisk quantum cascade lasers
journal, April 2007
- Dunbar, L. Andrea; Houdré, Romuald; Scalari, Giacomo
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 14
Advances in small lasers
journal, November 2014
- Hill, Martin T.; Gather, Malte C.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 8, Issue 12
Interference terahertz label-free imaging for protein detection on a membrane
journal, January 2008
- Ogawa, Yuichi; Hayashi, Shin'ichiro; Oikawa, Masato
- Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 26
MEMS-based tunable terahertz wire-laser over 330 GHz
journal, January 2011
- Qin, Qi; Reno, John L.; Hu, Qing
- Optics Letters, Vol. 36, Issue 5
Optimizing multi-dimensional terahertz imaging analysis for colon cancer diagnosis
journal, May 2013
- Eadie, Leila H.; Reid, Caroline B.; Fitzgerald, Anthony J.
- Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 40, Issue 6
Broadband all-electronically tunable MEMS terahertz quantum cascade lasers
journal, January 2014
- Han, Ningren; de Geofroy, Alexander; Burghoff, David P.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 39, Issue 12
Revealing hidden defects
journal, November 2009
- Duling, Irl; Zimdars, David
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 3, Issue 11
Y-Junction semiconductor laser arrays: Part I--Theory
journal, June 1987
- Streifer, W.; Welch, D.; Cross, P.
- IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. 23, Issue 6
Phase-locked laser arrays through global antenna mutual coupling
journal, June 2016
- Kao, Tsung-Yu; Reno, John L.; Hu, Qing
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 10, Issue 8
A terahertz pulse emitter monolithically integrated with a quantum cascade laser
journal, February 2011
- Burghoff, David; Kao, Tsung-Yu; Ban, Dayan
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 6
Modes of phase-locked diode-laser arrays of closely spaced antiguides
journal, January 1988
- Botez, D.; Peterson, G.
- Electronics Letters, Vol. 24, Issue 16
Antenna coupled photonic wire lasers
journal, January 2015
- Kao, Tsung-Yu; Cai, Xiaowei; Lee, Alan W. M.
- Optics Express, Vol. 23, Issue 13
Single-lobe symmetric coupled laser arrays
journal, January 1985
- Chen, K. -L.; Wang, S.
- Electronics Letters, Vol. 21, Issue 8
Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale
journal, August 2009
- Oulton, Rupert F.; Sorger, Volker J.; Zentgraf, Thomas
- Nature, Vol. 461, Issue 7264
Wallplug efficiency of quantum cascade lasers: Critical parameters and fundamental limits
journal, June 2007
- Faist, Jérôme
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 25
Photonic-Wire Laser
journal, October 1995
- Zhang, J. P.; Chu, D. Y.; Wu, S. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 75, Issue 14
8-beam local oscillator array at 47 THz generated by a phase grating and a quantum cascade laser
journal, January 2017
- Mirzaei, B.; Silva, J. R. G.; Hayton, D.
- Optics Express, Vol. 25, Issue 24
Imaging with a Terahertz quantum cascade laser
journal, January 2004
- Darmo, Juraj; Tamosiunas, Vincas; Fasching, Gernot
- Optics Express, Vol. 12, Issue 9
Hot electron bolometer heterodyne receiver with a 4.7-THz quantum cascade laser as a local oscillator
journal, January 2013
- Kloosterman, J. L.; Hayton, D. J.; Ren, Y.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 1
Frequency Characterization of a Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Laser
journal, April 2007
- Beverini, N.; Carelli, G.; De Michele, A.
- IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 56, Issue 2
Tradeoffs between oscillator strength and lifetime in terahertz quantum cascade lasers
journal, November 2016
- Chan, Chun Wang I.; Albo, Asaf; Hu, Qing
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 20
Electrical tuning of single-mode terahertz quantum-cascade lasers operating at high temperatures
conference, October 2016
- Zhao, Le; Khanal, Sudeep; Gao, Liang
- 2016 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC)
Electrically tunable terahertz quantum cascade lasers based on a two-sections interdigitated distributed feedback cavity
journal, March 2015
- Turčinková, Dana; Amanti, Maria Ines; Scalari, Giacomo
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 13
Kramers-Kronig analysis of reflection data
journal, August 1965
- Roessler, D. M.
- British Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 8
Diffraction coupled phase‐locked semiconductor laser array
journal, April 1983
- Katz, J.; Margalit, S.; Yariv, A.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 7
Terahertz plasmonic laser radiating in an ultra-narrow beam
journal, January 2016
- Wu, Chongzhao; Khanal, Sudeep; Reno, John L.
- Optica, Vol. 3, Issue 7
Phase-locked arrays of surface-emitting terahertz quantum-cascade lasers
journal, March 2010
- Kao, Tsung-Yu; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 10
Tuning a terahertz wire laser
journal, November 2009
- Qin, Qi; Williams, Benjamin S.; Kumar, Sushil
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 3, Issue 12
Continuous-wave terahertz spectroscopy of biotin: vibrational anharmonicity in the far-infrared
journal, February 2004
- Korter, T. M.; Plusquellic, D. F.
- Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 385, Issue 1-2
A tunable continuous wave (CW) and short-pulse optical source for THz brain imaging applications
journal, September 2009
- Bakopoulos, P.; Karanasiou, I.; Pleros, N.
- Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 20, Issue 10
Single longitudinal mode operation of high power multiple‐stripe injection lasers
journal, January 1983
- Ackley, D. E.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 2
High power surface emitting terahertz laser with hybrid second- and fourth-order Bragg gratings
journal, April 2018
- Jin, Yuan; Gao, Liang; Chen, Ji
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Terahertz quantum cascade VECSEL with watt-level output power
journal, July 2018
- Curwen, Christopher A.; Reno, John L.; Williams, Benjamin S.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 1
Low-divergence single-mode terahertz quantum cascade laser
journal, September 2009
- Amanti, M. I.; Fischer, M.; Scalari, G.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 3, Issue 10
High-power monolithic phase-locked arrays of antiguided semiconductor diode lasers
journal, January 1992
- Botez, D.
- IEE Proceedings J Optoelectronics, Vol. 139, Issue 1
Structure and Dynamics of the Interstellar Medium
journal, September 1968
- Pikel'ner, S. B.
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Detection and identification of explosives using terahertz pulsed spectroscopic imaging
journal, June 2005
- Shen, Y. C.; Lo, T.; Taday, P. F.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 24
Reconfigurable semiconductor laser networks based on diffractive coupling
journal, January 2015
- Brunner, Daniel; Fischer, Ingo
- Optics Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 16
Design and fabrication technology for high performance electrical pumped terahertz photonic crystal band edge lasers with complete photonic band gap
journal, November 2010
- Scalari, Giacomo; Faist, Jérôme; Dunbar, L. Andrea
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 108, Issue 9
Lasing in metallic-coated nanocavities
journal, September 2007
- Hill, Martin T.; Oei, Yok-Siang; Smalbrugge, Barry
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 1, Issue 10
Phase-Locked Arrays of Surface-Emitting Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers
conference, January 2010
- Kao, Tsung-Yu; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L.
- Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010
Kramers-Kronig analysis of reflection data
journal, November 1965
- Roessler, D. M.
- British Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 11
Works referencing / citing this record:
Photonic Engineering Technology for the Development of Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers
journal, July 2019
- Zeng, Yongquan; Qiang, Bo; Wang, Qi Jie
- Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 3
Sampled grating terahertz quantum cascade lasers
journal, April 2019
- Zhao, Fang-yuan; Li, Yuan-yuan; Liu, Jun-qi
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 14