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Title: Observation and confirmation of nine strong-lensing systems in Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data

Abstract

In this paper, we describe the observation and confirmation of nine new strong gravitational lenses discovered in Year 1 data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We created candidate lists based on (i) galaxy group and cluster samples, and (ii) photometrically selected galaxy samples. We selected 46 candidates through visual inspection and then used the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph(GMOS) at the Gemini South telescope to acquire a spectroscopic follow-up of 21 of these candidates. Through an analysis of these spectroscopic follow-up data, we confirmed nine new lensing systems and rejected two candidates, and the analysis was inconclusive on 10 candidates. For each of the confirmed systems, our report measured spectroscopic properties, estimated source image–lens separations, and estimated enclosed masses as well. The sources that we targeted have an i-band surface brightness range of $$i_{\rm SB} \sim 22\!-\!24\, {\rm mag}\,{\rm arcsec}^{-2}$$ and a spectroscopic redshift range of zspec ~ 0.8-2.6. The lens galaxies have a photometric redshift range of zlens ~ 0.3-0.7. The lensing systems range in source image–lens separation from 2 to 9 arcsec and in enclosed mass from 1012 to 1013M⊙.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [2];  [2];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10]; ORCiD logo [11];  [12];  [13] more »;  [14]; ORCiD logo [13];  [15];  [8];  [16]; ORCiD logo [17];  [12];  [2];  [18];  [19];  [20]; ORCiD logo [18]; ORCiD logo [21];  [11];  [2];  [22];  [23];  [24]; ORCiD logo [25];  [26];  [27];  [8];  [28];  [14]; ORCiD logo [29];  [30];  [31];  [11];  [32]; ORCiD logo [33];  [34];  [9];  [9];  [15];  [2];  [35];  [36];  [15]; ORCiD logo [37];  [38];  [39]; ORCiD logo [40];  [41];  [36]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [2];  [42] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
  2. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
  3. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
  4. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
  5. Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  6. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
  7. Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA, Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706-1390,USA
  8. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
  9. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, PO Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
  10. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, RJ-20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  11. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
  12. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  13. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, PO Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
  14. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, RJ-20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, RJ-20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  15. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  16. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
  17. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
  18. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain, Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
  19. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
  20. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
  21. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, PO Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA, Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
  22. Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
  23. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
  24. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
  25. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany, Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, D-81679 München, Germany
  26. Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
  27. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
  28. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, RJ-20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, SP-05314-970 São Paulo, Brazil
  29. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
  30. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
  31. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
  32. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
  33. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
  34. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
  35. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
  36. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
  37. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
  38. Physics Department, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
  39. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, RJ-20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
  40. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
  41. National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
  42. (
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation of Spain (MINECO); National Science Foundation (NSF); Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa
Contributing Org.:
DES Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1632745
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1574843; OSTI ID: 1638178; OSTI ID: 1665976; OSTI ID: 1691459; OSTI ID: 1785455
Report Number(s):
FERMILAB-PUB-17-042-PPD; arXiv:1911.02162
Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11359; AC02-76SF00515; AST-1138766; AYA2012-39559; ESP2013-48274; FPA2013-47986; SEV-2012-0234; AC05-00OR22725; SC0019193
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 494 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
Publisher:
Royal Astronomical Society
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Strong gravitational lensing; spectroscopic techniques; individual galaxies

Citation Formats

Nord, B., Buckley-Geer, E., Lin, H., Kuropatkin, N., Collett, T., Tucker, D. L., Diehl, H. T., Agnello, A., Amara, A., Abbott, T. M. C., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., Davis, C., De Vicente, J., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Zhang, Y., and DES Collaboration). Observation and confirmation of nine strong-lensing systems in Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data. United Kingdom: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa200.
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Nord, B., Buckley-Geer, E., Lin, H., Kuropatkin, N., Collett, T., Tucker, D. L., Diehl, H. T., Agnello, A., Amara, A., Abbott, T. M. C., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., Davis, C., De Vicente, J., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Zhang, Y., & DES Collaboration). Observation and confirmation of nine strong-lensing systems in Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa200
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Nord, B., Buckley-Geer, E., Lin, H., Kuropatkin, N., Collett, T., Tucker, D. L., Diehl, H. T., Agnello, A., Amara, A., Abbott, T. M. C., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., Davis, C., De Vicente, J., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Zhang, Y., and DES Collaboration). Tue . "Observation and confirmation of nine strong-lensing systems in Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa200.
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@article{osti_1632745,
title = {Observation and confirmation of nine strong-lensing systems in Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data},
author = {Nord, B. and Buckley-Geer, E. and Lin, H. and Kuropatkin, N. and Collett, T. and Tucker, D. L. and Diehl, H. T. and Agnello, A. and Amara, A. and Abbott, T. M. C. and Allam, S. and Annis, J. and Avila, S. and Bechtol, K. and Brooks, D. and Burke, D. L. and Carnero Rosell, A. and Carrasco Kind, M. and Carretero, J. and Cunha, C. E. and da Costa, L. N. and Davis, C. and De Vicente, J. and Doel, P. and Eifler, T. F. and Evrard, A. E. and Fernandez, E. and Flaugher, B. and Fosalba, P. and Frieman, J. and García-Bellido, J. and Gaztanaga, E. and Gruen, D. and Gruendl, R. A. and Gutierrez, G. and Hartley, W. G. and Hollowood, D. L. and Honscheid, K. and Hoyle, B. and James, D. J. and Kuehn, K. and Lahav, O. and Lima, M. and Maia, M. A. G. and March, M. and Marshall, J. L. and Melchior, P. and Menanteau, F. and Miquel, R. and Plazas, A. A. and Romer, A. K. and Roodman, A. and Rykoff, E. S. and Sanchez, E. and Scarpine, V. and Schindler, R. and Schubnell, M. and Sevilla-Noarbe, I. and Smith, M. and Soares-Santos, M. and Sobreira, F. and Suchyta, E. and Swanson, M. E. C. and Tarle, G. and Thomas, D. and Zhang, Y. and DES Collaboration)},
abstractNote = {In this paper, we describe the observation and confirmation of nine new strong gravitational lenses discovered in Year 1 data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We created candidate lists based on (i) galaxy group and cluster samples, and (ii) photometrically selected galaxy samples. We selected 46 candidates through visual inspection and then used the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph(GMOS) at the Gemini South telescope to acquire a spectroscopic follow-up of 21 of these candidates. Through an analysis of these spectroscopic follow-up data, we confirmed nine new lensing systems and rejected two candidates, and the analysis was inconclusive on 10 candidates. For each of the confirmed systems, our report measured spectroscopic properties, estimated source image–lens separations, and estimated enclosed masses as well. The sources that we targeted have an i-band surface brightness range of $i_{\rm SB} \sim 22\!-\!24\, {\rm mag}\,{\rm arcsec}^{-2}$ and a spectroscopic redshift range of zspec ~ 0.8-2.6. The lens galaxies have a photometric redshift range of zlens ~ 0.3-0.7. The lensing systems range in source image–lens separation from 2 to 9 arcsec and in enclosed mass from 1012 to 1013M⊙.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/staa200},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 1,
volume = 494,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2020},
month = {1}
}
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