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Title: Fertilizer timing affects nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia emissions from soil

Abstract

The impact of interactions between management and climate on nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and ammonia (NH3) emissions are not well understood. This study quantified the effect of urea fertilizer application timing on inorganic N movement, immobilization, and the gaseous emissions of N2O-N, CO2 -C, and NH3-N. Urea was applied once, at two rates (0 and 224 kg ha-1) on six dates (early fall, 20 Sept. 2017; mid-fall, 11 Oct. 2017; early winter, 1 Nov. 2017; early spring, 1 May 2018; mid-spring, 22 May 2018; and early summer, 12 June 2018). Gaseous emissions, soil temperature, and soil moisture were measured every 4 h for 21 consecutive days following urea application. Changes in soil inorganic N contents were used to determine the amount of inorganic N remaining in the soil, nitrification, immobilization/fixation, and leaching. For all fertilizer application dates, the cumulative fertilizer derived N2O-N emissions for the 21 days following application were <0.05% of the applied N. Fertilizer-derived N2O-N emission rates were higher than N2O-N emission rates in the unfertilized soil in early fall and early summer. Even though the highest net N2O-N emissions occurred in early spring, the application of fertilizer did not increase emissions. The highest net N2O-Nmore » + NH3-N emissions occurred in cool soils (early spring) in soils with water filled pore space (>60%). These findings indicate that intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) default value of 1% of applied N for N2O emissions improved by considering the fertilizer application date.« less

Authors:
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [4];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]
  1. Becks Hybrids, Olivia, MN (United States)
  2. South Dakota State Univ., Brookings, SD (United States)
  3. Augustana College, Sioux Falls, SD (United States)
  4. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA); USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1631971
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1598722
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357; AC02‐05CH1123
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Soil Science Society of America Journal
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 84; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0361-5995
Publisher:
Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; cropland; fertilizers; greenhouse gas

Citation Formats

Thies, Samuel, Joshi, Deepak R., Bruggeman, Stephanie A., Clay, Sharon A., Mishra, Umakant, Morile‐Miller, Janet, and Clay, David E. Fertilizer timing affects nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia emissions from soil. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1002/saj2.20010.
Thies, Samuel, Joshi, Deepak R., Bruggeman, Stephanie A., Clay, Sharon A., Mishra, Umakant, Morile‐Miller, Janet, & Clay, David E. Fertilizer timing affects nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia emissions from soil. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20010
Thies, Samuel, Joshi, Deepak R., Bruggeman, Stephanie A., Clay, Sharon A., Mishra, Umakant, Morile‐Miller, Janet, and Clay, David E. Fri . "Fertilizer timing affects nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia emissions from soil". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20010. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1631971.
@article{osti_1631971,
title = {Fertilizer timing affects nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia emissions from soil},
author = {Thies, Samuel and Joshi, Deepak R. and Bruggeman, Stephanie A. and Clay, Sharon A. and Mishra, Umakant and Morile‐Miller, Janet and Clay, David E.},
abstractNote = {The impact of interactions between management and climate on nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and ammonia (NH3) emissions are not well understood. This study quantified the effect of urea fertilizer application timing on inorganic N movement, immobilization, and the gaseous emissions of N2O-N, CO2 -C, and NH3-N. Urea was applied once, at two rates (0 and 224 kg ha-1) on six dates (early fall, 20 Sept. 2017; mid-fall, 11 Oct. 2017; early winter, 1 Nov. 2017; early spring, 1 May 2018; mid-spring, 22 May 2018; and early summer, 12 June 2018). Gaseous emissions, soil temperature, and soil moisture were measured every 4 h for 21 consecutive days following urea application. Changes in soil inorganic N contents were used to determine the amount of inorganic N remaining in the soil, nitrification, immobilization/fixation, and leaching. For all fertilizer application dates, the cumulative fertilizer derived N2O-N emissions for the 21 days following application were <0.05% of the applied N. Fertilizer-derived N2O-N emission rates were higher than N2O-N emission rates in the unfertilized soil in early fall and early summer. Even though the highest net N2O-N emissions occurred in early spring, the application of fertilizer did not increase emissions. The highest net N2O-N + NH3-N emissions occurred in cool soils (early spring) in soils with water filled pore space (>60%). These findings indicate that intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) default value of 1% of applied N for N2O emissions improved by considering the fertilizer application date.},
doi = {10.1002/saj2.20010},
journal = {Soil Science Society of America Journal},
number = 1,
volume = 84,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 13 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Fri Dec 13 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
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Cited by: 15 works
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Figures / Tables:

TABLE 1 TABLE 1: Average 7-d soil and air temperatures, soil moisture, water filled pore space contents for the surface 5 cm and precipitation. The time intervals shown are 0 to 7, 8 to 14, and 15 to 21 d. The values in parenthesis represent the range in values over the studymore » period. Values in parentheses represent the range in values during a study period« less

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