Broadband, High-Speed, and Large-Amplitude Dynamic Optical Switching with Yttrium-Doped Cadmium Oxide
Abstract
Transparent conducting oxides, such as doped indium oxide, zinc oxide, and cadmium oxide (CdO), have recently attracted attention as tailorable materials for applications in nanophotonic and plasmonic devices such as low-loss modulators and all-optical switches due to their tunable optical properties, fast optical response, and low losses. Here, optically induced extraordinarily large reflection changes (up to 135%) are demonstrated in bulk CdO films in the mid-infrared wavelength range close to the epsilon near zero (ENZ) point. To develop a better understanding of how doping level affects the static and dynamic optical properties of CdO, the evolution of the optical properties with yttrium (Y) doping is investigated. An increase in the metallicity and a blueshift of the ENZ point with increasing Y-concentrations is observed. Broadband all-optical switching from near-infrared to mid-infrared wavelengths is demonstrated. The major photoexcited carrier relaxation mechanisms in CdO are identified and it is shown that the relaxation times can be significantly reduced by increasing the dopant concentration in the film. Our report could pave the way to practical dynamic and passive optical and plasmonic devices with doped CdO spanning wavelengths from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared region.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[1];
[1];
[3];
[4];
[1];
[3]
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, West Lafayette, IN (United States); Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1631964
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1579422; OSTI ID: 1595422
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2019-15308J
Journal ID: ISSN 1616-301X; 157860
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; NA‐0003525; AC02‐06CH11357; SC0017717; AC04-94AL85000; FA9550‐18‐1‐0002
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Functional Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 30; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1616-301X
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 42 ENGINEERING; all optical switching; cadmium oxide; epsilon near zero; high mobility transparent conducting oxide; mid infrared plasmonics
Citation Formats
Saha, Soham, Diroll, Benjamin T., Shank, Joshua, Kudyshev, Zhaxylyk, Dutta, Aveek, Chowdhury, Sarah Nahar, Luk, Ting Shan, Campione, Salvatore, Schaller, Richard D., Shalaev, Vladimir M., Boltasseva, Alexandra, and Wood, Michael G. Broadband, High-Speed, and Large-Amplitude Dynamic Optical Switching with Yttrium-Doped Cadmium Oxide. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1002/adfm.201908377.
Saha, Soham, Diroll, Benjamin T., Shank, Joshua, Kudyshev, Zhaxylyk, Dutta, Aveek, Chowdhury, Sarah Nahar, Luk, Ting Shan, Campione, Salvatore, Schaller, Richard D., Shalaev, Vladimir M., Boltasseva, Alexandra, & Wood, Michael G. Broadband, High-Speed, and Large-Amplitude Dynamic Optical Switching with Yttrium-Doped Cadmium Oxide. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201908377
Saha, Soham, Diroll, Benjamin T., Shank, Joshua, Kudyshev, Zhaxylyk, Dutta, Aveek, Chowdhury, Sarah Nahar, Luk, Ting Shan, Campione, Salvatore, Schaller, Richard D., Shalaev, Vladimir M., Boltasseva, Alexandra, and Wood, Michael G. Fri .
"Broadband, High-Speed, and Large-Amplitude Dynamic Optical Switching with Yttrium-Doped Cadmium Oxide". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201908377. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1631964.
@article{osti_1631964,
title = {Broadband, High-Speed, and Large-Amplitude Dynamic Optical Switching with Yttrium-Doped Cadmium Oxide},
author = {Saha, Soham and Diroll, Benjamin T. and Shank, Joshua and Kudyshev, Zhaxylyk and Dutta, Aveek and Chowdhury, Sarah Nahar and Luk, Ting Shan and Campione, Salvatore and Schaller, Richard D. and Shalaev, Vladimir M. and Boltasseva, Alexandra and Wood, Michael G.},
abstractNote = {Transparent conducting oxides, such as doped indium oxide, zinc oxide, and cadmium oxide (CdO), have recently attracted attention as tailorable materials for applications in nanophotonic and plasmonic devices such as low-loss modulators and all-optical switches due to their tunable optical properties, fast optical response, and low losses. Here, optically induced extraordinarily large reflection changes (up to 135%) are demonstrated in bulk CdO films in the mid-infrared wavelength range close to the epsilon near zero (ENZ) point. To develop a better understanding of how doping level affects the static and dynamic optical properties of CdO, the evolution of the optical properties with yttrium (Y) doping is investigated. An increase in the metallicity and a blueshift of the ENZ point with increasing Y-concentrations is observed. Broadband all-optical switching from near-infrared to mid-infrared wavelengths is demonstrated. The major photoexcited carrier relaxation mechanisms in CdO are identified and it is shown that the relaxation times can be significantly reduced by increasing the dopant concentration in the film. Our report could pave the way to practical dynamic and passive optical and plasmonic devices with doped CdO spanning wavelengths from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared region.},
doi = {10.1002/adfm.201908377},
journal = {Advanced Functional Materials},
number = 7,
volume = 30,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {12}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 29 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Mid-infrared integrated photonics on silicon: a perspective
journal, December 2017
- Lin, Hongtao; Luo, Zhengqian; Gu, Tian
- Nanophotonics, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Indium-cadmium-oxide films having exceptional electrical conductivity and optical transparency: Clues for optimizing transparent conductors
journal, June 2001
- Wang, A.; Babcock, J. R.; Edleman, N. L.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 98, Issue 13
On-Chip Hybrid Photonic-Plasmonic Waveguides with Ultrathin Titanium Nitride Films
journal, October 2018
- Saha, Soham; Dutta, Aveek; Kinsey, Nathaniel
- ACS Photonics, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Minority carrier lifetime in highly doped Ge
journal, February 1972
- Conradt, R.; Aengenheister, J.
- Solid State Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 3
Dysprosium-doped cadmium oxide as a gateway material for mid-infrared plasmonics
journal, February 2015
- Sachet, Edward; Shelton, Christopher T.; Harris, Joshua S.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 4
Carrier-density-dependent recombination dynamics of excitons and electron-hole plasma in -plane InGaN/GaN quantum wells
journal, November 2016
- Liu, W.; Butté, R.; Dussaigne, A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 19
Bandgap widening in highly conducting CdO thin film by Ti incorporation through radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique
journal, January 2008
- Saha, B.; Thapa, R.; Chattopadhyay, K. K.
- Solid State Communications, Vol. 145, Issue 1-2
Coupling-enhanced dual ITO layer electro-absorption modulator in silicon photonics
journal, August 2019
- Tahersima, Mohammad H.; Ma, Zhizhen; Gui, Yaliang
- Nanophotonics, Vol. 8, Issue 9
Optical Measurement Techniques of Recombination Lifetime Based on the Free Carriers Absorption Effect
journal, January 2014
- De Laurentis, Martina; Irace, Andrea
- Journal of Solid State Physics, Vol. 2014
Bandgap and effective mass of epitaxial cadmium oxide
journal, January 2008
- Jefferson, P. H.; Hatfield, S. A.; Veal, T. D.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 2
Refractory Plasmonics with Titanium Nitride: Broadband Metamaterial Absorber
journal, October 2014
- Li, Wei; Guler, Urcan; Kinsey, Nathaniel
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 47
Minority carrier recombination in heavily-doped silicon
journal, June 1983
- Tyagi, M. S.; Van Overstraeten, R.
- Solid-State Electronics, Vol. 26, Issue 6
Gate-Tunable Conducting Oxide Metasurfaces
journal, August 2016
- Huang, Yao-Wei; Lee, Ho Wai Howard; Sokhoyan, Ruzan
- Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 9
Sources of Conductivity and Doping Limits in CdO from Hybrid Density Functional Theory
journal, September 2011
- Burbano, Mario; Scanlon, David O.; Watson, Graeme W.
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 133, Issue 38
Ultrafast all-optical tuning of direct-gap semiconductor metasurfaces
journal, May 2017
- Shcherbakov, Maxim R.; Liu, Sheng; Zubyuk, Varvara V.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Optical, Electrical, and Morphological Effects of Yttrium Doping of Cadmium Oxide Thin Films Grown by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis
journal, November 2016
- Tombak, Ahmet; Baturay, Silan; Kilicoglu, Tahsin
- Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 46, Issue 4
Theory of epsilon-near-zero modes in ultrathin films
journal, March 2015
- Campione, Salvatore; Brener, Igal; Marquier, Francois
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 12, Article No. 121408(R)
Femtosecond optical polarization switching using a cadmium oxide-based perfect absorber
journal, May 2017
- Yang, Yuanmu; Kelley, Kyle; Sachet, Edward
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 11, Issue 6
Tuning of Plasmons in Transparent Conductive Oxides by Carrier Accumulation
journal, January 2018
- Liu, Xiaoge; Kang, Ju-Hyung; Yuan, Hongtao
- ACS Photonics, Vol. 5, Issue 4
Ultra-compact silicon photonic devices reconfigured by an optically induced semiconductor-to-metal transition
journal, January 2013
- Ryckman, Judson D.; Hallman, Kent A.; Marvel, Robert E.
- Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 9
Nanoscale Conducting Oxide PlasMOStor
journal, October 2014
- Lee, Ho W.; Papadakis, Georgia; Burgos, Stanley P.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 11, p. 6463-6468
Alternative Plasmonic Materials: Beyond Gold and Silver
journal, May 2013
- Naik, Gururaj V.; Shalaev, Vladimir M.; Boltasseva, Alexandra
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 24
Structural, optical, and electrical properties of cadmium oxide films deposited by spray pyrolysis
journal, May 1994
- Gurumurugan, K.; Mangalaraj, D.; Narayandass, Sa. K.
- Physica Status Solidi (a), Vol. 143, Issue 1
Controlling hybrid nonlinearities in transparent conducting oxides via two-colour excitation
journal, June 2017
- Clerici, M.; Kinsey, N.; DeVault, C.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Large optical nonlinearity of indium tin oxide in its epsilon-near-zero region
journal, April 2016
- Alam, M. Z.; De Leon, I.; Boyd, R. W.
- Science, Vol. 352, Issue 6287
Ultrafast relaxation dynamics of charge carriers relaxation in ZnO nanocrystalline thin films
journal, March 2004
- Bauer, Christophe; Boschloo, Gerrit; Mukhtar, Emad
- Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 387, Issue 1-3
Dopant-induced band filling and bandgap renormalization in CdO : In films
journal, April 2013
- Zhu, Yuankun; Mendelsberg, Rueben J.; Zhu, Jiaqi
- Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 19
Strong Light–Matter Interaction in Lithography-Free Planar Metamaterial Perfect Absorbers
journal, October 2018
- Ghobadi, Amir; Hajian, Hodjat; Butun, Bayram
- ACS Photonics, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Broadly Tunable Plasmons in Doped Oxide Nanoparticles for Ultrafast and Broadband Mid-Infrared All-Optical Switching
journal, November 2018
- Guo, Qiangbing; Qin, Zhipeng; Wang, Zhuan
- ACS Nano, Vol. 12, Issue 12
High mobility yttrium doped cadmium oxide thin films
journal, July 2017
- Kelley, Kyle P.; Sachet, Edward; Shelton, Christopher T.
- APL Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 7
A Solution-Processed Ultrafast Optical Switch Based on a Nanostructured Epsilon-Near-Zero Medium
journal, May 2017
- Guo, Qiangbing; Cui, Yudong; Yao, Yunhua
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 27
Epsilon-near-zero Al-doped ZnO for ultrafast switching at telecom wavelengths
journal, January 2015
- Kinsey, N.; DeVault, C.; Kim, J.
- Optica, Vol. 2, Issue 7
Pump fluence dependence of ultrafast carrier dynamics in InSb measured by optical pump–terahertz probe spectroscopy
journal, January 2018
- Li, Gaofang; Zhou, Wei; Zhang, Wenjie
- Applied Optics, Vol. 57, Issue 33
Wide tuning of the optical and structural properties of alternative plasmonic materials
journal, January 2015
- Wang, Yu; Capretti, Antonio; Dal Negro, Luca
- Optical Materials Express, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Submicrometer Epsilon-Near-Zero Electroabsorption Modulators Enabled by High-Mobility Cadmium Oxide
journal, August 2017
- Campione, Salvatore; Wood, Michael G.; Serkland, Darwin K.
- IEEE Photonics Journal, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Gigahertz speed operation of epsilon-near-zero silicon photonic modulators
journal, January 2018
- Wood, Michael G.; Campione, Salvatore; Parameswaran, S.
- Optica, Vol. 5, Issue 3
Directional perfect absorption using deep subwavelength low-permittivity films
journal, August 2014
- Luk, Ting S.; Campione, Salvatore; Kim, Iltai
- Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 8, Article No. 085411
The shift in the optical band-gap of cadmium oxide as chemical potential minus optical potential
journal, March 2015
- Grado-Caffaro, M. A.; Grado-Caffaro, M.
- Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 623
Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Electron-Phonon Coupling in Gold
journal, September 2014
- Guo, Liang; Xu, Xianfan
- Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 136, Issue 12
Mid-infrared ultrafast carrier dynamics in thin film black phosphorus
journal, June 2017
- Iyer, Vasudevan; Ye, Peide; Xu, Xianfan
- 2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Berreman mode and epsilon near zero mode
journal, January 2012
- Vassant, Simon; Hugonin, Jean-Paul; Marquier, Francois
- Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 21, p. 23971-23977
High-harmonic generation from an epsilon-near-zero material
journal, July 2019
- Yang, Yuanmu; Lu, Jian; Manjavacas, Alejandro
- Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 10
Modeling of Seeded Reflective Modulators for DWDM Systems
journal, September 2013
- Kim, Joon-Young; Moon, Sang-Rok; Yoo, Sang-Hwa
- IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Vol. 19, Issue 5
Observation of carrier dynamics in CdO thin films by excitation with femtosecond laser pulse
journal, December 2003
- Kawamura, Ken-ichi; Maekawa, Keisuke; Yanagi, Hiroshi
- Thin Solid Films, Vol. 445, Issue 2
Compact epsilon-near-zero silicon photonic phase modulators
journal, January 2018
- Reines, Isak C.; Wood, Michael G.; Luk, Ting S.
- Optics Express, Vol. 26, Issue 17
Indium-Tin-Oxide for High-performance Electro-optic Modulation
journal, January 2015
- Ma, Zhizhen; Li, Zhuoran; Liu, Ke
- Nanophotonics, Vol. 4, Issue 1
Ultrafast Tunable Metasurface with Transparent Conducting Oxide Antenna Array
conference, January 2018
- Saha, Soham; Dutta, Aveek; DeVault, Clayton
- CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics