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Title: Functionalizing magnet additive manufacturing with in-situ magnetic field source

Abstract

Additive manufacturing via 3-D printing technologies have become a frontier in materials research, including its application in the development and recycling of permanent magnets. This work addresses the opportunity to integrate magnetic field sources into 3-D printing process in order to enable printing, alignment of anisotropic permanent magnets or magnetizing of magnetic filler materials, without requiring further processing. Specifically, a nonaxisymmetric electromagnet-type field source architecture was designed, modelled, constructed, installed to a fused filament commercial 3-D printer, and tested. The testing was performed by applying magnetic field while printing composite anisotropic Nd-Fe-B + Sm-Fe-N powders bonded in Nylon12 (65 vol.%) and recycled Sm-Co powder bonded in PLA (15 vol.%). Magnetic characterization indicated that the degree-of-alignment of the magnet powders increased both with alignment field strength (controlled by the electric current applied to the magnetizing system) and the printing temperature. Both coercivity and remanence were found to be strongly dependent on the degree-of-alignment, except for printing performed below but near the Curie temperature of Nd-Fe-B (310 ° C). At applied field of 0.15 kOe, Sm-Co and hybrid Nd-Fe-B/Sm-Fe-N printed samples showed degrees-of-alignment of 83 % and 65 %, respectively. The variations in coercivity were consistent with previous observations in bonded magnetmore » materials. This work verifies that integration of magnetic field sources into 3-D printing processes will result in magnetic alignment of particles while ensuring that other advantages of 3-D printing are retained.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1]
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  1. Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States); Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Advanced Manufacturing Office
OSTI Identifier:
1630916
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 2325411
Report Number(s):
IS-J-10,203
Journal ID: ISSN 2214-8604
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-07CH11358
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Additive Manufacturing
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 34; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 2214-8604
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 3-D printing; Bonded magnets; In-situ alignment; Magnetic material recycling

Citation Formats

Sarkar, Abhishek, Somashekara, M. A., Paranthaman, M. Parans, Kramer, Matthew, Haase, Christopher, and Nlebedim, Ikenna C. Functionalizing magnet additive manufacturing with in-situ magnetic field source. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101289.
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Sarkar, Abhishek, Somashekara, M. A., Paranthaman, M. Parans, Kramer, Matthew, Haase, Christopher, & Nlebedim, Ikenna C. Functionalizing magnet additive manufacturing with in-situ magnetic field source. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101289
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Sarkar, Abhishek, Somashekara, M. A., Paranthaman, M. Parans, Kramer, Matthew, Haase, Christopher, and Nlebedim, Ikenna C. Mon . "Functionalizing magnet additive manufacturing with in-situ magnetic field source". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101289. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1630916.
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@article{osti_1630916,
title = {Functionalizing magnet additive manufacturing with in-situ magnetic field source},
author = {Sarkar, Abhishek and Somashekara, M. A. and Paranthaman, M. Parans and Kramer, Matthew and Haase, Christopher and Nlebedim, Ikenna C.},
abstractNote = {Additive manufacturing via 3-D printing technologies have become a frontier in materials research, including its application in the development and recycling of permanent magnets. This work addresses the opportunity to integrate magnetic field sources into 3-D printing process in order to enable printing, alignment of anisotropic permanent magnets or magnetizing of magnetic filler materials, without requiring further processing. Specifically, a nonaxisymmetric electromagnet-type field source architecture was designed, modelled, constructed, installed to a fused filament commercial 3-D printer, and tested. The testing was performed by applying magnetic field while printing composite anisotropic Nd-Fe-B + Sm-Fe-N powders bonded in Nylon12 (65 vol.%) and recycled Sm-Co powder bonded in PLA (15 vol.%). Magnetic characterization indicated that the degree-of-alignment of the magnet powders increased both with alignment field strength (controlled by the electric current applied to the magnetizing system) and the printing temperature. Both coercivity and remanence were found to be strongly dependent on the degree-of-alignment, except for printing performed below but near the Curie temperature of Nd-Fe-B (310 ° C). At applied field of 0.15 kOe, Sm-Co and hybrid Nd-Fe-B/Sm-Fe-N printed samples showed degrees-of-alignment of 83 % and 65 %, respectively. The variations in coercivity were consistent with previous observations in bonded magnet materials. This work verifies that integration of magnetic field sources into 3-D printing processes will result in magnetic alignment of particles while ensuring that other advantages of 3-D printing are retained.},
doi = {10.1016/j.addma.2020.101289},
journal = {Additive Manufacturing},
number = C,
volume = 34,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon May 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101289
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Works referenced in this record:

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Printing ferromagnetic domains for untethered fast-transforming soft materials
journal, June 2018

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journal, July 2016

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