Atmospheric 81Kr as an Integrator of Cosmic-Ray Flux on the Hundred-Thousand-Year Time Scale

Zappala, Jake C.; Baggenstos, D.; Gerber, C.; Jiang, W.; Kennedy, B. M.; Lu, Zheng-Tian; Masarik, J.; Mueller, P.; Purtschert, R.; Visser, A.

doi:10.1029/2019GL086381

Title: Atmospheric ⁸¹Kr as an Integrator of Cosmic-Ray Flux on the Hundred-Thousand-Year Time Scale

Journal Article · 20 January 2020 · Geophysical Research Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086381 · OSTI ID:1630808

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Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of Bern (Switzerland)
Univ. of Bern (Switzerland); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Glen Osmond, SA (Australia)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Comenius Univ., Bratislava (Slovakia)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

The atmospheric abundance of ⁸¹Kr is a global integrator of cosmic rays. It is insensitive to climate shifts, geographical variations, and short-term solar cycle activity, making it an ideal standard to test models of cosmic-ray flux on the time scale of 10⁵ years. In this work, we present the first calculation of absolute ⁸¹Kr production rates in the atmosphere, and a measurement of the atmospheric ⁸¹Kr/Kr abundance via the Atom Trap Trace Analysis method. The measurement result significantly deviates from previously reported values. The agreement between measurement and model prediction supports the current understanding of the production mechanisms. Additionally, the calculated ⁸¹Kr atmospheric inventory over the past 1.5 Myr provides a more accurate input function for radiokrypton dating.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP) (SC-26)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1630808

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL--810701; 1017387

Journal Information:: Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 47; ISSN 0094-8276

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Atmospheric ⁸¹Kr as an Integrator of Cosmic-Ray Flux on the Hundred-Thousand-Year Time Scale