Size limits of magnetic-domain engineering in continuous in-plane exchange-bias prototype films

Gaul, Alexander; Emmrich, Daniel; Ueltzhöffer, Timo; Huckfeldt, Henning; Doğanay, Hatice; Hackl, Johanna; Khan, Muhammad Imtiaz; Gottlob, Daniel M.; Hartmann, Gregor; Beyer, André; Holzinger, Dennis; Nemšák, Slavomír; Schneider, Claus M.; Gölzhäuser, Armin; Reiss, Günter; Ehresmann, Arno

doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.276

Title: Size limits of magnetic-domain engineering in continuous in-plane exchange-bias prototype films

Journal Article · 03 December 2018 · Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.276 · OSTI ID:1628622

^[1]; Emmrich, Daniel ^[2]; Ueltzhöffer, Timo ^[3];

^[4]; Doğanay, Hatice ^[5]; Hackl, Johanna ^[5]; Khan, Muhammad Imtiaz ^[5]; Gottlob, Daniel M. ^[5]; Hartmann, Gregor ^[4]; Beyer, André ^[2];

^[4];

^[6];

^[5];

^[2]; Reiss, Günter ^[7];

^[4]

Univ. of Kessel (Germany). Inst. of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT); DOE/OSTI
Univ. of Bielefeld (Germany). Physics of supramolecular Systems and Surfaces. Faculty of Physics
Univ. of Kessel (Germany). Inst. of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT); Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)
Univ. of Kessel (Germany). Inst. of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT)
Peter Grünberg Inst. “Electronic Properties”, Jülich (Germany)
Peter Grünberg Inst. “Electronic Properties”, Jülich (Germany); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
Univ. of Bielefeld (Germany). Thin Films and Physics of Nanostructures. Faculty of Physics

Background: The application of superparamagnetic particles as biomolecular transporters in microfluidic systems for lab-on-a-chip applications crucially depends on the ability to control their motion. One approach for magnetic-particle motion control is the superposition of static magnetic stray field landscapes (MFLs) with dynamically varying external fields. These MFLs may emerge from magnetic domains engineered both in shape and in their local anisotropies. Motion control of smaller beads does necessarily need smaller magnetic patterns, i.e., MFLs varying on smaller lateral scales. The achievable size limit of engineered magnetic domains depends on the magnetic patterning method and on the magnetic anisotropies of the material system. Smallest patterns are expected to be in the range of the domain wall width of the particular material system. To explore these limits a patterning technology is needed with a spatial resolution significantly smaller than the domain wall width. Results: We demonstrate the application of a helium ion microscope with a beam diameter of 8 nm as a mask-less method for local domain patterning of magnetic thin-film systems. For a prototypical in-plane exchange-bias system the domain wall width has been investigated as a function of the angle between unidirectional anisotropy and domain wall. By shrinking the domain size of periodic domain stripes, we analyzed the influence of domain wall overlap on the domain stability. Finally, by changing the geometry of artificial two-dimensional domains, the influence of domain wall overlap and domain wall geometry on the ultimate domain size in the chosen system was analyzed. Conclusion: The application of a helium ion microscope for magnetic patterning has been shown. It allowed for exploring the fundamental limits of domain engineering in an in-plane exchange-bias thin film as a prototypical system. For two-dimensional domains the limit depends on the domain geometry. The relative orientation between domain wall and anisotropy axes is a crucial parameter and therefore influences the achievable minimum domain size dramatically.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1628622

Journal Information:: Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, Journal Name: Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology Vol. 9; ISSN BJNEAH; ISSN 2190-4286

Publisher:: Beilstein InstituteCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Tailored domain wall charges by individually set in-plane magnetic domains for magnetic field landscape design Holzinger, Dennis; Zingsem, Norbert; Koch, Iris Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 114, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812576	journal	July 2013
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On-Chip Manipulation of Protein-Coated Magnetic Beads via Domain-Wall Conduits Donolato, Marco; Vavassori, Paolo; Gobbi, Marco Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201000146	journal	June 2010
Two-Dimensional Programmable Manipulation of Magnetic Nanoparticles on-Chip Sarella, Anandakumar; Torti, Andrea; Donolato, Marco Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304240	journal	January 2014
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Partial magnetization reversal in a perpendicular exchange-biased [Pd∕Co]∕FeMn film through laser annealing Choi, Sang Dae; Joo, Ho Wan; Lee, Sang Suk Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 101, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2714666	journal	May 2007
Novel method for determining the anisotropy constant of MnFe in a NiFe/MnFe sandwich Mauri, Daniele; Kay, Eric; Scholl, David Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 62, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.339374	journal	October 1987
Thermal exchange bias field drift in field cooled Mn83Ir17/Co70Fe30 thin films after 10 keV He ion bombardment Ehresmann, Arno; Schmidt, Christoph; Weis, Tanja Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3532046	journal	January 2011
Dynamics of superparamagnetic microbead transport along magnetic nanotracks by magnetic domain walls Rapoport, Elizabeth; Beach, Geoffrey S. D. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3684972	journal	February 2012
Suppression of Walker breakdown in magnetic domain wall propagation through structural control of spin wave emission Burn, David M.; Atkinson, Del Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4811750	journal	June 2013
Tailored domain wall charges by individually set in-plane magnetic domains for magnetic field landscape design Holzinger, Dennis; Zingsem, Norbert; Koch, Iris Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 114, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812576	journal	July 2013
Néel walls between tailored parallel-stripe domains in IrMn/CoFe exchange bias layers Ueltzhöffer, Timo; Schmidt, Christoph; Krug, Ingo Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 117, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4916093	journal	March 2015
Manipulation of superparamagnetic beads on patterned Au/Co/Au multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy Jarosz, A.; Holzinger, D.; Urbaniak, M. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4961496	journal	August 2016
Nanopatterning spin-textures: A route to reconfigurable magnonics Albisetti, E.; Petti, D.; Madami, M. AIP Advances, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4973387	journal	May 2017
Atomic displacements in metals due to low‐energy light ion implantation Bernas, H.; Traverse, A. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.93482	journal	August 1982
Nanofabricated and self-assembled magnetic structures as data storage media Terris, B. D.; Thomson, T. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 38, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/38/12/r01	journal	June 2005
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On the origin of ion bombardment induced exchange bias modifications in polycrystalline layers Ehresmann, A.; Junk, D.; Engel, D. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 38, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/38/6/001	journal	March 2005
Magnetic charge distribution and stray field landscape of asymmetric néel walls in a magnetically patterned exchange bias layer system Zingsem, Norbert; Ahrend, Florian; Vock, Silvia Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa94e1	journal	November 2017
Modification of the saturation magnetization of exchange bias thin film systems upon light-ion bombardment Huckfeldt, Henning; Gaul, Alexander; David Müglich, Nicolas Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 29, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/aa5ad5	journal	February 2017
Preferential weakening of rotational magnetic anisotropy by keV-He ion bombardment in polycrystalline exchange bias layer systems Müglich, Nicolas David; Merkel, Maximilian; Gaul, Alexander New Journal of Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aabcb3	journal	May 2018
Light ion irradiation of Co/Pt systems: Structural origin of the decrease in magnetic anisotropy Devolder, T. Physical Review B, Vol. 62, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.62.5794	journal	September 2000
Magnetization reversal in circularly exchange-biased ferromagnetic disks Tanase, M.; Petford-Long, A. K.; Heinonen, O. Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.79.014436	journal	January 2009
Application of pulsed laser annealing to ferromagnetic GaMnAs Bürger, Danilo; Zhou, Shengqiang; Pandey, Mukesh Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.81.115202	journal	March 2010
Micromagnetic simulations of magnetization dynamics in a nanowire induced by a spin-polarized current injected via a point contact Berkov, D. V.; Boone, C. T.; Krivorotov, I. N. Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.83.054420	journal	February 2011
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Absorption of circularly polarized x rays in iron Schütz, G.; Wagner, W.; Wilhelm, W. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2017-03531	text	January 1987
Manipulation of Superparamagnetic Beads on Patterned Exchange-Bias Layer Systems for Biosensing Applications Ehresmann, Arno; Koch, Iris; Holzinger, Dennis Sensors, Vol. 15, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.3390/s151128854	journal	November 2015
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Magnetic Domains without Domain Walls: A Unique Effect of He + Ion Bombardment in Ferrimagnetic Tb / Co Films Frąckowiak, Łukasz; Kuświk, Piotr; Chaves-O’Flynn, Gabriel David Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.124.047203	journal	January 2020
Magnetic Materials and Systems: Domain Structure Visualization and Other Characterization Techniques for the Application in the Materials Science and Biomedicine Nisticò, Roberto; Cesano, Federico; Garello, Francesca Inorganics, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010006	journal	January 2020

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Magnetic domain formation in perforated permalloy films

Journal Article · 2001 · Applied Physics Letters · OSTI ID:40277638

Welp, U; Vlasko-Vlasov, V K; Crabtree, G W; +3 more

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71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
exchange bias
helium ion microscopy
ion bombardment induced magnetic patterning
magnetic domains
magnetic nanostructures
materials science
physics
science & technology - other topics

Title: Size limits of magnetic-domain engineering in continuous in-plane exchange-bias prototype films

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