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Title: Remodeling neuronal ER–PM junctions is a conserved nonconducting function of Kv2 plasma membrane ion channels

Journal Article · · Molecular Biology of the Cell
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2]
  1. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); DOE/OSTI
  2. Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM) form junctions crucial to ion and lipid signaling and homeostasis. The Kv2.1 ion channel is localized at ER–PM junctions in brain neurons and is unique among PM proteins in its ability to remodel these specialized membrane contact sites. Here, we show that this function is conserved between Kv2.1 and Kv2.2, which differ in their biophysical properties, modulation, and cellular expression. Kv2.2 ER–PM junctions are present at sites deficient in the actin cytoskeleton, and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton affects their spatial organization. Kv2.2-containing ER–PM junctions overlap with those formed by canonical ER–PM tethers. The ability of Kv2 channels to remodel ER–PM junctions is unchanged by point mutations that eliminate their ion conduction but eliminated by point mutations within the Kv2-specific proximal restriction and clustering (PRC) domain that do not impact their ion channel function. The highly conserved PRC domain is sufficient to transfer the ER–PM junction–remodeling function to another PM protein. Last, brain neurons in Kv2 double-knockout mice have altered ER–PM junctions. Together, these findings demonstrate a conserved in vivo function for Kv2 family members in remodeling neuronal ER–PM junctions that is distinct from their canonical role as ion-conducting channels shaping neuronal excitability.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). The Molecular Foundry (TMF)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; National Institutes of Health (NIH); American Heart Association (AHA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1625247
Journal Information:
Molecular Biology of the Cell, Journal Name: Molecular Biology of the Cell Journal Issue: 20 Vol. 29; ISSN 1059-1524
Publisher:
American Society for Cell BiologyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Kv2.2: A Novel Molecular Target to Study the Role of Basal Forebrain GABAergic Neurons in the Sleep-Wake Cycle journal December 2013
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Phosphorylation of the Kv2.1 K + Channel Alters Voltage-Dependent Activation journal November 1997
A Gastropod Toxin Selectively Slows Early Transitions in the Shaker K Channel's Activation Pathway journal May 2004
Structure and Development of E-C Coupling Units in Skeletal Muscle journal October 1994
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Kv2 Ion Channels Determine the Expression and Localization of the Associated AMIGO-1 Cell Adhesion Molecule in Adult Brain Neurons journal January 2018
De novo KCNB1 mutations in infantile epilepsy inhibit repetitive neuronal firing journal October 2015
Targeting of voltage-gated potassium channel isoforms to distinct cell surface microdomains journal May 2005
Calcium- and Metabolic State-Dependent Modulation of the Voltage-Dependent Kv2.1 Channel Regulates Neuronal Excitability in Response to Ischemia journal November 2005
Kv2.1 Potassium Channels Are Retained within Dynamic Cell Surface Microdomains That Are Defined by a Perimeter Fence journal September 2006
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Delayed Rectifier K + Currents, I K , Are Encoded by Kv2 α-Subunits and Regulate Tonic Firing in Mammalian Sympathetic Neurons journal December 2002
Focal aggregation of voltage-gated, Kv2.1 subunit-containing, potassium channels at synaptic sites in rat spinal motoneurones: Kv2.1 channel clusters in motoneurones journal February 2004
Dynamic Regulation of the Kv2.1 Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel during Brain Ischemia through Neuroglial Interaction journal August 2008
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Store-Operated Calcium Channels journal October 2015
Endoplasmic Reticulum–Plasma Membrane Contact Sites journal June 2017
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Blockers of the Delayed-Rectifier Potassium Current in Pancreatic  -Cells Enhance Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion journal March 2006
Reticulon Short Hairpin Transmembrane Domains Are Used to Shape ER Tubules journal November 2010
Calcium- and Metabolic State-Dependent Modulation of the Voltage-Dependent Kv2.1 Channel Regulates Neuronal Excitability in Response to Ischemia journal November 2005
Molecular mechanisms of inter-organelle ER–PM contact sites journal August 2015
Non-conducting functions of voltage-gated ion channels journal October 2006
Kv2 potassium channels form endoplasmic reticulum/plasma membrane junctions via interaction with VAPA and VAPB journal June 2018
Molecular mechanisms of inter-organelle ER–PM contact sites journal August 2015
Identification of a cytoplasmic domain important in the polarized expression and clustering of the Kv2.1 K+ channel. journal December 1996
E-Syts, a family of membranous Ca2+-sensor proteins with multiple C2 domains journal February 2007
Blockers of the Delayed-Rectifier Potassium Current in Pancreatic  -Cells Enhance Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion journal March 2006
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Graded Regulation of the Kv2.1 Potassium Channel by Variable Phosphorylation journal August 2006
Identification of the Kv2.1 K + Channel as a Major Component of the Delayed Rectifier K + Current in Rat Hippocampal Neurons journal March 1999
Clinical features and outcome of 6 new patients carrying de novo KCNB1 gene mutations journal December 2017
Distinct Cell- and Layer-Specific Expression Patterns and Independent Regulation of Kv2 Channel Subtypes in Cortical Pyramidal Neurons journal November 2015

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