Insight into different environmental niches adaptation and allergenicity from the Cladosporium sphaerospermum genome, a common human allergy-eliciting Dothideomycetes

Yew, Su Mei; Chan, Chai Ling; Ngeow, Yun Fong; Toh, Yue Fen; Na, Shiang Ling; Lee, Kok Wei; Hoh, Chee-Choong; Yee, Wai-Yan; Ng, Kee Peng; Kuan, Chee Sian

doi:10.1038/srep27008

Title: Insight into different environmental niches adaptation and allergenicity from the Cladosporium sphaerospermum genome, a common human allergy-eliciting Dothideomycetes

Journal Article · 31 May 2016 · Scientific Reports

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27008 · OSTI ID:1624838

Yew, Su Mei ^[1]; Chan, Chai Ling ^[1]; Ngeow, Yun Fong ^[2]; Toh, Yue Fen ^[1]; Na, Shiang Ling ^[1]; Lee, Kok Wei ^[3]; Hoh, Chee-Choong ^[3]; Yee, Wai-Yan ^[3]; Ng, Kee Peng ^[1]; Kuan, Chee Sian ^[1]

Univ. of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). Faculty of Medicine. Dept. of Medical Microbiology
Univ. Tunk Abdul Rahman, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Malaysia). Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Pre-Clinical Sciences
Condon Genomics, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Malaysia)

Cladosporium sphaerospermum, a dematiaceous saprophytic fungus commonly found in diverse environments, has been reported to cause allergy and other occasional diseases in humans. However, its basic biology and genetic information are largely unexplored. A clinical isolate C. sphaerospermum genome, UM 843, was re-sequenced and combined with previously generated sequences to form a model 26.89 Mb genome containing 9,652 predicted genes. Functional annotation on predicted genes suggests the ability of this fungus to degrade carbohydrate and protein complexes. Several putative peptidases responsible for lung tissue hydrolysis were identified. These genes shared high similarity with the Aspergillus peptidases. The UM 843 genome encodes a wide array of proteins involved in the biosynthesis of melanin, siderophores, cladosins and survival in high salinity environment. In addition, a total of 28 genes were predicted to be associated with allergy. Orthologous gene analysis together with 22 other Dothideomycetes showed genes uniquely present in UM 843 that encode four class 1 hydrophobins which may be allergens specific to Cladosporium. The mRNA of these hydrophobins were detected by RT-PCR. The genomic analysis of UM 843 contributes to the understanding of the biology and allergenicity of this widely-prevalent species.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1624838

Journal Information:: Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1; ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (88)

Aspergillus Protein Degradation Pathways with Different Secreted Protease Sets at Neutral and Acidic pH Sriranganadane, Dev; Waridel, Patrice; Salamin, Karine Journal of Proteome Research, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/pr901202z	journal	July 2010
Potassium and sodium uptake systems in fungi. The transporter diversity of Magnaporthe oryzae Benito, Begoña; Garciadeblás, Blanca; Fraile-Escanciano, Ana Fungal Genetics and Biology, Vol. 48, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2011.03.002	journal	August 2011
Siderophores in Fungal Physiology and Virulence Haas, Hubertus; Eisendle, Martin; Turgeon, B. Gillian Annual Review of Phytopathology, Vol. 46, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.45.062806.094338	journal	September 2008
A Five-Year Survey of Dematiaceous Fungi in a Tropical Hospital Reveals Potential Opportunistic Species Yew, Su Mei; Chan, Chai Ling; Lee, Kok Wei PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104352	journal	August 2014
Adaptation of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Gpd1 to high salinities in the extremely halotolerant Hortaea werneckii and halophilic Wallemia ichthyophaga Lenassi, Metka; Zajc, Janja; Gostinčar, Cene Fungal Biology, Vol. 115, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2011.04.001	journal	October 2011
RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models Stamatakis, Alexandros Bioinformatics, Vol. 22, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btl446	journal	August 2006
Functional Analysis of the Kinome of the Wheat Scab Fungus Fusarium graminearum Wang, Chenfang; Zhang, Shijie; Hou, Rui PLoS Pathogens, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002460	journal	December 2011
Crypton transposons: identification of new diverse families and ancient domestication events Kojima, Kenji K.; Jurka, Jerzy Mobile DNA, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1759-8753-2-12	journal	January 2011
Genomic Analysis of the Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea Amselem, Joelle; Cuomo, Christina A.; van Kan, Jan A. L. PLoS Genetics, Vol. 7, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002230	journal	August 2011
Melanin Biosynthesis in the Maize Pathogen Cochliobolus heterostrophus Depends on Two Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Chk1 and Mps1, and the Transcription Factor Cmr1 Eliahu, Noa; Igbaria, Aeid; Rose, Mark S. Eukaryotic Cell, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1128/EC.00264-06	journal	January 2007
MAP Kinase-Mediated Stress Relief that Precedes and Regulates the Timing of Transcriptional Induction Proft, Markus; Struhl, Kevin Cell, Vol. 118, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.016	journal	August 2004
Posttranslational Modifications of Proteins in the Pathobiology of Medically Relevant Fungi Leach, Michelle D.; Brown, Alistair J. P. Eukaryotic Cell, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1128/ec.05238-11	journal	December 2011
The Stress-Activated Hog1 Kinase Is a Selective Transcriptional Elongation Factor for Genes Responding to Osmotic Stress Proft, Markus; Mas, Glòria; de Nadal, Eulàlia Molecular Cell, Vol. 23, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2006.05.031	journal	July 2006
The genus Cladosporium Bensch, K.; Braun, U.; Groenewald, J. Z. Studies in Mycology, Vol. 72 https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0003	journal	June 2012
The Nhal antiporter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediates sodium and potassium eft: lux BaAueIos, M. A.; Sychrova, H.; Bleykasten-Grosshans, C. Microbiology, Vol. 144, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-144-10-2749	journal	October 1998
Starter Unit Flexibility for Engineered Product Synthesis by the Nonreducing Polyketide Synthase PksA Huitt-Roehl, Callie R.; Hill, Eric A.; Adams, Martina M. ACS Chemical Biology, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.5b00005	journal	March 2015
Alternaria alternata NADP-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase is an important fungal allergen Schneider, P. B.; Denk, U.; Breitenbach, M. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Vol. 36, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02582.x	journal	December 2006
Ionizing Radiation Changes the Electronic Properties of Melanin and Enhances the Growth of Melanized Fungi Dadachova, Ekaterina; Bryan, Ruth A.; Huang, Xianchun PLoS ONE, Vol. 2, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000457	journal	May 2007
Fungal mating pheromones: Choreographing the dating game Jones, Stephen K.; Bennett, Richard J. Fungal Genetics and Biology, Vol. 48, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2011.04.001	journal	July 2011
ProtTest: selection of best-fit models of protein evolution Abascal, F.; Zardoya, R.; Posada, D. Bioinformatics, Vol. 21, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bti263	journal	January 2005
Structural biology of allergens Aalberse, Rob C. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vol. 106, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1067/mai.2000.108434	journal	August 2000
Genome and transcriptome sequencing of the halophilic fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga: haloadaptations present and absent Zajc, Janja; Liu, Yongfeng; Dai, Wenkui BMC Genomics, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-617	journal	January 2013
Metabolites Associated with Adaptation of Microorganisms to an Acidophilic, Metal-Rich Environment Identified by Stable-Isotope-Enabled Metabolomics Mosier, Annika C.; Justice, Nicholas B.; Bowen, Benjamin P. mBio, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00484-12	journal	March 2013
The fission yeast stress MAPK cascade regulates the pmp3 ⁺ gene that encodes a highly conserved plasma membrane protein Wang, Ling-yu; Shiozaki, Kazuhiro FEBS Letters, Vol. 580, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.03.065	journal	March 2006
EstB-Mediated Hydrolysis of the Siderophore Triacetylfusarinine C Optimizes Iron Uptake of Aspergillus fumigatus Kragl, Claudia; Schrettl, Markus; Abt, Beate Eukaryotic Cell, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1128/ec.00066-07	journal	June 2007
New Biosynthetic Step in the Melanin Pathway of Wangiella (Exophiala) dermatitidis: Evidence for 2-Acetyl-1,3,6,8-Tetrahydroxynaphthalene as a Novel Precursor Wheeler, Michael H.; Abramczyk, Dariusz; Puckhaber, Lorraine S. Eukaryotic Cell, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1128/ec.00179-08	journal	August 2008
Cellulose-binding domain of endoglucanase III from Trichoderma reesei disrupting the structure of cellulose Xiao, Zhizhuang; Gao, Peiji; Qu, Yinbo Biotechnology Letters, Vol. 23, Issue 9, p. 711-715 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010325122851	journal	January 2001
Alkali Metal Cation Transport and Homeostasis in Yeasts Ariño, Joaquín; Ramos, José; Sychrová, Hana Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Vol. 74, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00042-09	journal	March 2010
Whole Genome Duplication and Enrichment of Metal Cation Transporters Revealed by De Novo Genome Sequencing of Extremely Halotolerant Black Yeast Hortaea werneckii Lenassi, Metka; Gostinčar, Cene; Jackman, Shaun PLoS ONE, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071328	journal	August 2013
Allergens of Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida boidinii Share IgE-binding Epitopes Hemmann, Stefanie; Blaser, Kurt; Crameri, Reto American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 156, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.156.6.9702087	journal	December 1997
Structural analysis of hydrophobins Sunde, Margaret; Kwan, Ann H. Y.; Templeton, Matthew D. Micron, Vol. 39, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2007.08.003	journal	October 2008
Correction: Comparative analysis of fungal genomes reveals different plant cell wall degrading capacity in fungi Zhao, Zhongtao; Liu, Huiquan; Wang, Chenfang BMC Genomics, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-6	journal	January 2014
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways and Fungal Pathogenesis Zhao, Xinhua; Mehrabi, Rahim; Xu, Jin-Rong Eukaryotic Cell, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1128/ec.00216-07	journal	August 2007
LTR Retrotransposons in Fungi Muszewska, Anna; Hoffman-Sommer, Marta; Grynberg, Marcin PLoS ONE, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029425	journal	December 2011
Structural biology of allergens Aalberse, Rob C. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vol. 106, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1067/mai.2000.108434	journal	August 2000
Phylogenetic diversity of stress signaling pathways in fungi Nikolaou, Elissavet; Agriafioti, Ino; Stumpf, Michael BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-9-44	journal	January 2009
Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in hypersensitivity pneumonitis Soumagne, Thibaud; Pana-Katatali, Héloïse; Degano, Bruno BMJ Case Reports https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2015-211560	journal	December 2015
The MAP kinase HwHog1 from the halophilic black yeast Hortaea werneckii: coping with stresses in solar salterns Lenassi, Metka; Vaupotic, Tomaz; Gunde-Cimerman, Nina Saline Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-1448-3-3	journal	January 2007
Comparative and functional genomics provide insights into the pathogenicity of dermatophytic fungi Burmester, Anke; Shelest, Ekaterina; Glöckner, Gernot Genome Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2011-12-1-r7	journal	January 2011
Phylogeny and ecology of the ubiquitous saprobe Cladosporium sphaerospermum, with descriptions of seven new species from hypersaline environments Zalar, P.; de Hoog, G. S.; Schroers, H. -J. Studies in Mycology, Vol. 58 https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2007.58.06	journal	January 2007
Ionizing Radiation Changes the Electronic Properties of Melanin and Enhances the Growth of Melanized Fungi Dadachova, Ekaterina; Bryan, Ruth A.; Huang, Xianchun PLoS ONE, Vol. 2, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000457	journal	May 2007
The Spectrum of Fungal Allergy Simon-Nobbe, Birgit; Denk, Ursula; Pöll, Verena International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, Vol. 145, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1159/000107578	journal	August 2007
Immunoglobulin E-binding and skin test reactivity to hydrophobin HCh-1 from Cladosporium herbarum , the first allergenic cell wall component of fungi: Fungal surface proteins in allergic disease Weichel, M.; Schmid-Grendelmeier, P.; Rhyner, C. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Vol. 33, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01574.x	journal	January 2003
Hydrolytic Polyketide Shortening by Ayg1p, a Novel Enzyme Involved in Fungal Melanin Biosynthesis Fujii, Isao; Yasuoka, Yoshinori; Tsai, Huei-Fung Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 279, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m406758200	journal	August 2004
Cladosins A–E, Hybrid Polyketides from a Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus, Cladosporium sphaerospermum Wu, Guangwei; Sun, Xinhua; Yu, Guihong Journal of Natural Products, Vol. 77, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/np400833x	journal	January 2014
Aspergillus Protein Degradation Pathways with Different Secreted Protease Sets at Neutral and Acidic pH Sriranganadane, Dev; Waridel, Patrice; Salamin, Karine Journal of Proteome Research, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/pr901202z	journal	July 2010
Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV secreted by Aspergillus fumigatus, a fungus pathogenic to humans. Beauvais, A.; Monod, M.; Wyniger, J. Infection and immunity, Vol. 65, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.65.8.3042-3047.1997	journal	January 1997
Cladosins A–E, Hybrid Polyketides from a Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus, Cladosporium sphaerospermum Wu, Guangwei; Sun, Xinhua; Yu, Guihong Journal of Natural Products, Vol. 77, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/np400833x	journal	January 2014
Effect of nutrition on growth and virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Safavi, S. A.; Shah, Farooq A.; Pakdel, Aziz K. FEMS Microbiology Letters, Vol. 270, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00666.x	journal	May 2007
The MAP kinase HwHog1 from the halophilic black yeast Hortaea werneckii: coping with stresses in solar salterns Lenassi, Metka; Vaupotic, Tomaz; Gunde-Cimerman, Nina Saline Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-1448-3-3	journal	January 2007
Genome and transcriptome sequencing of the halophilic fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga: haloadaptations present and absent Zajc, Janja; Liu, Yongfeng; Dai, Wenkui BMC Genomics, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-617	journal	January 2013
The Spectrum of Fungal Allergy Simon-Nobbe, Birgit; Denk, Ursula; Pöll, Verena International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, Vol. 145, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1159/000107578	journal	August 2007
Alternaria alternata NADP-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase is an important fungal allergen Schneider, P. B.; Denk, U.; Breitenbach, M. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Vol. 36, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02582.x	journal	December 2006
Crypton transposons: identification of new diverse families and ancient domestication events Kojima, Kenji K.; Jurka, Jerzy Mobile DNA, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1759-8753-2-12	journal	January 2011
RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models Stamatakis, Alexandros Bioinformatics, Vol. 22, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btl446	journal	August 2006
A Five-Year Survey of Dematiaceous Fungi in a Tropical Hospital Reveals Potential Opportunistic Species Yew, Su Mei; Chan, Chai Ling; Lee, Kok Wei PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104352	journal	August 2014
Structural analysis of hydrophobins Sunde, Margaret; Kwan, Ann H. Y.; Templeton, Matthew D. Micron, Vol. 39, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2007.08.003	journal	October 2008
BcMctA, a putative monocarboxylate transporter, is required for pathogenicity in Botrytis cinerea Cui, Zhifeng; Gao, Nana; Wang, Qian Current Genetics, Vol. 61, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-015-0474-1	journal	January 2015
Molecular cloning and targeted deletion of PEP2 which encodes a novel aspartic proteinase from Aspergillus fumigatus Reichard, Utz; Cole, Garry T.; Rüchel, Reinhard International Journal of Medical Microbiology, Vol. 290, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1438-4221(00)80111-3	journal	March 2000
LTR Retrotransposons in Fungi Muszewska, Anna; Hoffman-Sommer, Marta; Grynberg, Marcin PLoS ONE, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029425	journal	December 2011
Phylogeny and ecology of the ubiquitous saprobe Cladosporium sphaerospermum, with descriptions of seven new species from hypersaline environments Zalar, P.; de Hoog, G. S.; Schroers, H. -J. Studies in Mycology, Vol. 58 https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2007.58.06	journal	January 2007
Potassium and sodium uptake systems in fungi. The transporter diversity of Magnaporthe oryzae Benito, Begoña; Garciadeblás, Blanca; Fraile-Escanciano, Ana Fungal Genetics and Biology, Vol. 48, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2011.03.002	journal	August 2011
Adaptation of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Gpd1 to high salinities in the extremely halotolerant Hortaea werneckii and halophilic Wallemia ichthyophaga Lenassi, Metka; Zajc, Janja; Gostinčar, Cene Fungal Biology, Vol. 115, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2011.04.001	journal	October 2011
Rapid screening of an ordered fosmid library to clone multiple polyketide synthase genes of the phytopathogenic fungus Cladosporium phlei So, Kum-Kang; Kim, Jung-Mi; Nguyen, Ngoc-Luong Journal of Microbiological Methods, Vol. 91, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2012.09.014	journal	December 2012
Allergens of Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida boidinii Share IgE-binding Epitopes Hemmann, Stefanie; Blaser, Kurt; Crameri, Reto American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 156, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.156.6.9702087	journal	December 1997
BcMctA, a putative monocarboxylate transporter, is required for pathogenicity in Botrytis cinerea Cui, Zhifeng; Gao, Nana; Wang, Qian Current Genetics, Vol. 61, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-015-0474-1	journal	January 2015
Purification and characterization of an elastinolytic metalloprotease from Aspergillus fumigatus and immunoelectron microscopic evidence of secretion of this enzyme by the fungus invading the murine lung. Markaryan, A.; Morozova, I.; Yu, H. Infection and Immunity, Vol. 62, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.62.6.2149-2157.1994	journal	January 1994
Fungi from Chernobyl: mycobiota of the inner regions of the containment structures of the damaged nuclear reactor Zhdanova, Nelli N.; Zakharchenko, Valentina A.; Vember, Valeriya V. Mycological Research, Vol. 104, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756200002756	journal	December 2000
Phylogenetic diversity of stress signaling pathways in fungi Nikolaou, Elissavet; Agriafioti, Ino; Stumpf, Michael BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-9-44	journal	January 2009
Genomic Analysis of the Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea Amselem, Joelle; Cuomo, Christina A.; van Kan, Jan A. L. PLoS Genetics, Vol. 7, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002230	journal	August 2011
Pentaketide Melanin Biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus Requires Chain-length Shortening of a Heptaketide Precursor Tsai, Huei-Fung; Fujii, Isao; Watanabe, Akira Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 276, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M101998200	journal	May 2001
Molecular cloning of the cDNA and gene for an elastinolytic aspartic proteinase from Aspergillus fumigatus and evidence of its secretion by the fungus during invasion of the host lung. Lee, J. D.; Kolattukudy, P. E. Infection and immunity, Vol. 63, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.63.10.3796-3803.1995	journal	January 1995
Comparative and functional genomics provide insights into the pathogenicity of dermatophytic fungi Burmester, Anke; Shelest, Ekaterina; Glöckner, Gernot Genome Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2011-12-1-r7	journal	January 2011
The fission yeast stress MAPK cascade regulates the pmp3 ⁺ gene that encodes a highly conserved plasma membrane protein Wang, Ling-yu; Shiozaki, Kazuhiro FEBS Letters, Vol. 580, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.03.065	journal	March 2006
Biochemical and Antigenic Characterization of a New Dipeptidyl-Peptidase Isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus Beauvais, Anne; Monod, Michel; Debeaupuis, Jean-Paul Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 272, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.10.6238	journal	March 1997
Functional Analysis of the Kinome of the Wheat Scab Fungus Fusarium graminearum Wang, Chenfang; Zhang, Shijie; Hou, Rui PLoS Pathogens, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002460	journal	December 2011
The Stress-Activated Hog1 Kinase Is a Selective Transcriptional Elongation Factor for Genes Responding to Osmotic Stress Proft, Markus; Mas, Glòria; de Nadal, Eulàlia Molecular Cell, Vol. 23, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2006.05.031	journal	July 2006
Adaptation to high salt concentrations in halotolerant/halophilic fungi: a molecular perspective PlemenitaÅ¡, Ana; Lenassi, Metka; Konte, Tilen Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 5 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00199	journal	May 2014
Fungal mating pheromones: Choreographing the dating game Jones, Stephen K.; Bennett, Richard J. Fungal Genetics and Biology, Vol. 48, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2011.04.001	journal	July 2011
Intrabronchial lesion due to Cladosporium sphaerospermum in a healthy, non-asthmatic woman. Fallbericht. Intrabronchiale Lasion durch Cladosporium sphaerospermum bei einer gesunden, nicht-asthmatischen Frau Yano, S.; Koyabashi, K.; Kato, K. Mycoses, Vol. 46, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0507.2003.00885.x	journal	September 2003
Siderophores in Fungal Physiology and Virulence Haas, Hubertus; Eisendle, Martin; Turgeon, B. Gillian Annual Review of Phytopathology, Vol. 46, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.45.062806.094338	journal	September 2008
Biosynthesis of fungal melanins and their importance for human pathogenic fungi Langfelder, Kim; Streibel, Martin; Jahn, Bernhard Fungal Genetics and Biology, Vol. 38, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1087-1845(02)00526-1	journal	March 2003
The genome of newly classified Ochroconis mirabilis: Insights into fungal adaptation to different living conditions Yew, Su Mei; Chan, Chai Ling; Kuan, Chee Sian BMC Genomics, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-2409-8	journal	February 2016
969 Cladosporium sphaerospermum ? A new allergic species Dixit, A. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vol. 105, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-6749(00)91395-2	journal	January 2000
Distinct Roles for Intra- and Extracellular Siderophores during Aspergillus fumigatus Infection Schrettl, Markus; Bignell, Elaine; Kragl, Claudia PLoS Pathogens, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0030128	journal	September 2007
Effect of nutrition on growth and virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Safavi, S. A.; Shah, Farooq A.; Pakdel, Aziz K. FEMS Microbiology Letters, Vol. 270, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00666.x	journal	May 2007
Molecular cloning of the cDNA and gene for an elastinolytic aspartic proteinase from Aspergillus fumigatus and evidence of its secretion by the fungus during invasion of the host lung. Lee, J. D.; Kolattukudy, P. E. Infection and immunity, Vol. 63, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.63.10.3796-3803.1995	journal	January 1995
Purification and characterization of an elastinolytic metalloprotease from Aspergillus fumigatus and immunoelectron microscopic evidence of secretion of this enzyme by the fungus invading the murine lung. Markaryan, A.; Morozova, I.; Yu, H. Infection and Immunity, Vol. 62, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.62.6.2149-2157.1994	journal	January 1994

Cited By (2)

Fungi Isolated From House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on Penned Cattle in South Texas Ysquierdo, Cherity A.; Olafson, Pia U.; Thomas, Donald B. Journal of Medical Entomology, Vol. 54, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjw214	journal	February 2017
Pollen calendars of Cartagena, Lorca, and Murcia (Region of Murcia), southeastern Iberian Peninsula: 2010–2017 Elvira-Rendueles, Belén; Moreno, José M.; Costa, Isabel Aerobiologia, Vol. 35, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-019-09578-y	journal	March 2019