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Title: The Effect of Thermal Reduction on the Photoluminescence and Electronic Structures of Graphene Oxides

Abstract

Electronic structures of graphene oxide (GO) and hydro-thermally reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) processed at low temperatures (120–1806C) were studied using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). C K-edge XANES spectra of rGOs reveal that thermal reduction restores C 5 C sp2 bonds and removes some of the oxygen and hydroxyl groups of GO, which initiates the evolution of carbonaceous species. The combination of C K-edge XANES and Ka XES spectra shows that the overlapping p and p* orbitals in rGOs and GO are similar to that of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), which has no band-gap. C Ka RIXS spectra provide evidence that thermal reduction changes the density of states (DOSs) that is generated in the p-region and/or in the gap between the p and p* levels of the GO and rGOs. Two-dimensional C Ka RIXS mapping of the heavy reduction of rGOs further confirms that the residual oxygen and/or oxygen-containing functional groups modify the p and s features, which are dispersed by the photon excitation energy. The dispersion behavior near the K point is approximately linear and differs from the parabolic-like dispersion observed in HOPG.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [5];  [5];  [6]
  1. Tamkang Univ., Taipei (Taiwan). Dept. of Physics
  2. National Taiwan Univ., Taipei (Taiwan). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
  3. National Univ. of Kaohsiung (Taiwan). Dept. of Applied Physics
  4. Univ. of South Africa, Johannesburg (South Africa). College of Science, Engineering and Technology. Dept. of Physics
  5. Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China). National Synchrotron Radiation Lab.
  6. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division
OSTI Identifier:
1624700
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Scientific Reports
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 4; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Science & Technology - Other Topics; ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES AND DEVICES; ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES AND MATERIALS

Citation Formats

Chuang, C. -H., Wang, Y. -F., Shao, Y. -C., Yeh, Y. -C., Wang, D. -Y., Chen, C. -W., Chiou, J. W., Ray, Sekhar C., Pong, W. F., Zhang, L., Zhu, J. F., and Guo, J. H. The Effect of Thermal Reduction on the Photoluminescence and Electronic Structures of Graphene Oxides. United States: N. p., 2014. Web. doi:10.1038/srep04525.
Chuang, C. -H., Wang, Y. -F., Shao, Y. -C., Yeh, Y. -C., Wang, D. -Y., Chen, C. -W., Chiou, J. W., Ray, Sekhar C., Pong, W. F., Zhang, L., Zhu, J. F., & Guo, J. H. The Effect of Thermal Reduction on the Photoluminescence and Electronic Structures of Graphene Oxides. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04525
Chuang, C. -H., Wang, Y. -F., Shao, Y. -C., Yeh, Y. -C., Wang, D. -Y., Chen, C. -W., Chiou, J. W., Ray, Sekhar C., Pong, W. F., Zhang, L., Zhu, J. F., and Guo, J. H. Thu . "The Effect of Thermal Reduction on the Photoluminescence and Electronic Structures of Graphene Oxides". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04525. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1624700.
@article{osti_1624700,
title = {The Effect of Thermal Reduction on the Photoluminescence and Electronic Structures of Graphene Oxides},
author = {Chuang, C. -H. and Wang, Y. -F. and Shao, Y. -C. and Yeh, Y. -C. and Wang, D. -Y. and Chen, C. -W. and Chiou, J. W. and Ray, Sekhar C. and Pong, W. F. and Zhang, L. and Zhu, J. F. and Guo, J. H.},
abstractNote = {Electronic structures of graphene oxide (GO) and hydro-thermally reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) processed at low temperatures (120–1806C) were studied using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). C K-edge XANES spectra of rGOs reveal that thermal reduction restores C 5 C sp2 bonds and removes some of the oxygen and hydroxyl groups of GO, which initiates the evolution of carbonaceous species. The combination of C K-edge XANES and Ka XES spectra shows that the overlapping p and p* orbitals in rGOs and GO are similar to that of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), which has no band-gap. C Ka RIXS spectra provide evidence that thermal reduction changes the density of states (DOSs) that is generated in the p-region and/or in the gap between the p and p* levels of the GO and rGOs. Two-dimensional C Ka RIXS mapping of the heavy reduction of rGOs further confirms that the residual oxygen and/or oxygen-containing functional groups modify the p and s features, which are dispersed by the photon excitation energy. The dispersion behavior near the K point is approximately linear and differs from the parabolic-like dispersion observed in HOPG.},
doi = {10.1038/srep04525},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 4,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2014},
month = {Thu Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2014}
}

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