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Title: Completeness of HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Shield at Transmission Determines Neutralization Breadth

Journal Article · · Cell Reports
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  1. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Theoretical Biology & Biophysics; DOE/OSTI
  2. Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States). Perelman School of Medicine
  3. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Theoretical Biology & Biophysics
  4. Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (United States)
  5. National Institutes of Health (NIH), Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD (United States)
  6. Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). School of Medicine, Duke Human Vaccine Institute
  7. Center for Sexual Health & HIV Research, Mortimer Market Centre, London (United Kingdom)
  8. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (United States). Human Biology Division
  9. University of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom). Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine

Densely arranged N-linked glycans shield the HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer from antibody recognition. Strain-specific breaches in this shield (glycan holes) can be targets of vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies that lack breadth. To understand the interplay between glycan holes and neutralization breadth in HIV-1 infection, we developed a sequence- and structure-based approach to identify glycan holes for individual Env sequences that are shielded in most M-group viruses. Applying this approach to 12 longitudinally followed individuals, we found that transmitted viruses with more intact glycan shields correlated with development of greater neutralization breadth. Within 2 years, glycan acquisition filled most glycan holes present at transmission, indicating escape from hole-targeting neutralizing antibodies. Glycan hole filling generally preceded the time to first detectable breadth, although time intervals varied across hosts. Thus, completely glycan-shielded viruses were associated with accelerated neutralization breadth development, suggesting that Env immunogens with intact glycan shields may be preferred components of AIDS vaccines.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Lab (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Duke Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology-Immunogen Discovery; National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-06NA25396
OSTI ID:
1623646
Journal Information:
Cell Reports, Journal Name: Cell Reports Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 25; ISSN 2211-1247
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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