A caloritronics-based Mott neuristor

del Valle, Javier; Salev, Pavel; Kalcheim, Yoav; Schuller, Ivan K.

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61176-y

Title: A caloritronics-based Mott neuristor

Abstract

Abstract Machine learning imitates the basic features of biological neural networks at a software level. A strong effort is currently being made to mimic neurons and synapses with hardware components, an approach known as neuromorphic computing. While recent advances in resistive switching have provided a path to emulate synapses at the 10 nm scale, a scalable neuron analogue is yet to be found. Here, we show how heat transfer can be utilized to mimic neuron functionalities in Mott nanodevices. We use the Joule heating created by current spikes to trigger the insulator-to-metal transition in a biased VO ₂ nanogap. We show that thermal dynamics allow the implementation of the basic neuron functionalities: activity, leaky integrate-and-fire, volatility and rate coding. This approach could enable neuromorphic hardware to take full advantage of the rapid advances in memristive synapses, allowing for much denser and complex neural networks.

Authors:: del Valle, Javier; Salev, Pavel; Kalcheim, Yoav; Schuller, Ivan K.

Publication Date:: 2020-03-09

Research Org.:: Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1619806

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1629873

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019273

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Scientific Reports

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Scientific Reports Journal Volume: 10 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

Subject:: 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; 97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING

Citation Formats


                    del Valle, Javier, Salev, Pavel, Kalcheim, Yoav, and Schuller, Ivan K. A caloritronics-based Mott neuristor.  United Kingdom: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61176-y.

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                    del Valle, Javier, Salev, Pavel, Kalcheim, Yoav, & Schuller, Ivan K. A caloritronics-based Mott neuristor.  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61176-y

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                    del Valle, Javier, Salev, Pavel, Kalcheim, Yoav, and Schuller, Ivan K. Mon .  
"A caloritronics-based Mott neuristor".  United Kingdom.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61176-y.

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@article{osti_1619806,

  title        = {A caloritronics-based Mott neuristor},

  author       = {del Valle, Javier and Salev, Pavel and Kalcheim, Yoav and Schuller, Ivan K.},

  abstractNote = {Abstract Machine learning imitates the basic features of biological neural networks at a software level. A strong effort is currently being made to mimic neurons and synapses with hardware components, an approach known as neuromorphic computing. While recent advances in resistive switching have provided a path to emulate synapses at the 10 nm scale, a scalable neuron analogue is yet to be found. Here, we show how heat transfer can be utilized to mimic neuron functionalities in Mott nanodevices. We use the Joule heating created by current spikes to trigger the insulator-to-metal transition in a biased VO 2 nanogap. We show that thermal dynamics allow the implementation of the basic neuron functionalities: activity, leaky integrate-and-fire, volatility and rate coding. This approach could enable neuromorphic hardware to take full advantage of the rapid advances in memristive synapses, allowing for much denser and complex neural networks.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41598-020-61176-y},

  journal      = {Scientific Reports},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 10,

  place        = {United Kingdom},

  year         = {2020},

  month        = {3}

}

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Title: A caloritronics-based Mott neuristor

Abstract

Citation Formats

The missing memristor found journal, May 2008

Analog Spike Processing with High Scalability and Low Energy Consumption Using Thermal Degree of Freedom in Phase Transition Materials conference, June 2018

Nanoionics-based resistive switching memories journal, November 2007

Two-line neuristor with active element in series and in parallel† journal, May 1969

Fast Spiking of a Mott VO 2 –Carbon Nanotube Composite Device journal, August 2019

A scalable neuristor built with Mott memristors journal, December 2012

Metal-insulator transition-induced electrical oscillation in vanadium dioxide thin film journal, April 2008

Deep learning journal, May 2015

A Universal Model for Spike-Frequency Adaptation journal, November 2003

Fully memristive neural networks for pattern classification with unsupervised learning journal, February 2018

Emergent complex neural dynamics journal, October 2010

A million spiking-neuron integrated circuit with a scalable communication network and interface journal, August 2014

Large-scale neuromorphic computing systems journal, August 2016

Training and operation of an integrated neuromorphic network based on metal-oxide memristors journal, May 2015

Criticality in the Brain: Evidence and Implications for Neuromorphic Computing journal, March 2018

Metal-insulator transitions journal, October 1998

Reproducible switching effect in thin oxide films for memory applications journal, July 2000

Thermodynamics of self-oscillations in VO 2 for spiking solid-state neurons journal, May 2017

Chaotic dynamics in nanoscale NbO2 Mott memristors for analogue computing journal, August 2017

Role of Thermal Heating on the Voltage Induced Insulator-Metal Transition in VO 2 journal, January 2013

Memristors with diffusive dynamics as synaptic emulators for neuromorphic computing journal, September 2016

A memristive spiking neuron with firing rate coding journal, October 2015

Stochastic phase-change neurons journal, May 2016

Neuristor-A Novel Device and System Concept journal, October 1962

Total-Ionizing-Dose Response of Nb 2 O 5 -Based MIM Diodes for Neuromorphic Computing Applications journal, January 2018

Challenges in materials and devices for resistive-switching-based neuromorphic computing journal, December 2018

Neuromorphic computing with multi-memristive synapses journal, June 2018

Nanoscale Memristor Device as Synapse in Neuromorphic Systems journal, April 2010

Capacitors with an Equivalent Oxide Thickness of <0.5 nm for Nanoscale Electronic Semiconductor Memory journal, August 2010

Vowel recognition with four coupled spin-torque nano-oscillators journal, October 2018

Mott Memory and Neuromorphic Devices journal, August 2015

Transient dynamics of NbO x threshold switches explained by Poole-Frenkel based thermal feedback mechanism journal, May 2018

A Leaky-Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Analog Realized with a Mott Insulator journal, January 2017

Realistic Hodgkin–Huxley Axons Using Stochastic Behavior of Memristors journal, January 2016

Biological plausibility and stochasticity in scalable VO2 active memristor neurons journal, November 2018

A neuristor realization journal, January 1964

Subthreshold firing in Mott nanodevices journal, May 2019

Memristive devices for computing journal, January 2013

Short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation mimicked in single inorganic synapses journal, June 2011

Current oscillations in vanadium dioxide: Evidence for electrically triggered percolation avalanches journal, September 2012

Electrical switching and Mott transition in VO 2 journal, September 2000

Subnanosecond incubation times for electric-field-induced metallization of a correlated electron oxide journal, April 2014

Memristor crossbar arrays with 6-nm half-pitch and 2-nm critical dimension journal, November 2018

The missing memristor found
journal, May 2008

Analog Spike Processing with High Scalability and Low Energy Consumption Using Thermal Degree of Freedom in Phase Transition Materials
conference, June 2018

Nanoionics-based resistive switching memories
journal, November 2007

Two-line neuristor with active element in series and in parallel†
journal, May 1969

Fast Spiking of a Mott VO ₂ –Carbon Nanotube Composite Device
journal, August 2019

A scalable neuristor built with Mott memristors
journal, December 2012

Metal-insulator transition-induced electrical oscillation in vanadium dioxide thin film
journal, April 2008

Deep learning
journal, May 2015

A Universal Model for Spike-Frequency Adaptation
journal, November 2003

Fully memristive neural networks for pattern classification with unsupervised learning
journal, February 2018

Emergent complex neural dynamics
journal, October 2010

A million spiking-neuron integrated circuit with a scalable communication network and interface
journal, August 2014

Large-scale neuromorphic computing systems
journal, August 2016

Training and operation of an integrated neuromorphic network based on metal-oxide memristors
journal, May 2015

Criticality in the Brain: Evidence and Implications for Neuromorphic Computing
journal, March 2018

Metal-insulator transitions
journal, October 1998

Reproducible switching effect in thin oxide films for memory applications
journal, July 2000

Thermodynamics of self-oscillations in VO ₂ for spiking solid-state neurons
journal, May 2017

Chaotic dynamics in nanoscale NbO2 Mott memristors for analogue computing
journal, August 2017

Role of Thermal Heating on the Voltage Induced Insulator-Metal Transition in ${VO}_{2}$
journal, January 2013

Memristors with diffusive dynamics as synaptic emulators for neuromorphic computing
journal, September 2016

A memristive spiking neuron with firing rate coding
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Stochastic phase-change neurons
journal, May 2016

Neuristor-A Novel Device and System Concept
journal, October 1962

Total-Ionizing-Dose Response of Nb ₂ O ₅ -Based MIM Diodes for Neuromorphic Computing Applications
journal, January 2018

Challenges in materials and devices for resistive-switching-based neuromorphic computing
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Neuromorphic computing with multi-memristive synapses
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Nanoscale Memristor Device as Synapse in Neuromorphic Systems
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Capacitors with an Equivalent Oxide Thickness of <0.5 nm for Nanoscale Electronic Semiconductor Memory
journal, August 2010

Vowel recognition with four coupled spin-torque nano-oscillators
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Mott Memory and Neuromorphic Devices
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Transient dynamics of NbO _x threshold switches explained by Poole-Frenkel based thermal feedback mechanism
journal, May 2018

A Leaky-Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Analog Realized with a Mott Insulator
journal, January 2017

Realistic Hodgkin–Huxley Axons Using Stochastic Behavior of Memristors
journal, January 2016

Biological plausibility and stochasticity in scalable VO2 active memristor neurons
journal, November 2018

A neuristor realization
journal, January 1964

Subthreshold firing in Mott nanodevices
journal, May 2019

Memristive devices for computing
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Short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation mimicked in single inorganic synapses
journal, June 2011

Current oscillations in vanadium dioxide: Evidence for electrically triggered percolation avalanches
journal, September 2012

Electrical switching and Mott transition in VO ₂
journal, September 2000

Subnanosecond incubation times for electric-field-induced metallization of a correlated electron oxide
journal, April 2014

Memristor crossbar arrays with 6-nm half-pitch and 2-nm critical dimension
journal, November 2018