Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations
Abstract
Soot particles form during combustion of carbonaceous materials and impact climate and air quality. When freshly emitted, they are typically fractal-like aggregates. After atmospheric aging, they can act as cloud condensation nuclei, and water condensation or evaporation restructure them to more compact aggregates, affecting their optical, aerodynamic, and surface properties. Here we survey the morphology of ambient soot particles from various locations and different environmental and aging conditions. We used electron microscopy and show extensive soot compaction after cloud processing. We further performed laboratory experiments to simulate atmospheric cloud processing under controlled conditions. We find that soot particles sampled after evaporating the cloud droplets, are significantly more compact than freshly emitted and interstitial soot, confirming that cloud processing, not just exposure to high humidity, compacts soot. Our findings have implications for how the radiative, surface, and aerodynamic properties, and the fate of soot particles are represented in numerical models.
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- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab. (EMSL)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); Research Council of Norway
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1619574
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1566118; OSTI ID: 1633041
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-19-28388; PNNL-SA-143342
Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322; 11824; PII: 48143
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0006941; 89233218CNA000001; SC0010019; SC0018931; AC05-76RL01830; F265; NNX12AN97H; 80NSSC17K0449; NNX15AI48G; NNX15AI66G; AGS-1110059; AGS 1039742; AGS-1544425; AGS-1455215; AGS-1754244
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Scientific Reports
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Scientific Reports Journal Volume: 9 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Earth Sciences; soot, climate, morphology, cloud processes, radiation
Citation Formats
Bhandari, Janarjan, China, Swarup, Chandrakar, Kamal Kant, Kinney, Greg, Cantrell, Will, Shaw, Raymond A., Mazzoleni, Lynn R., Girotto, Giulia, Sharma, Noopur, Gorkowski, Kyle, Gilardoni, Stefania, Decesari, Stefano, Facchini, Maria Cristina, Zanca, Nicola, Pavese, Giulia, Esposito, Francesco, Dubey, Manvendra K., Aiken, Allison C., Chakrabarty, Rajan K., Moosmüller, Hans, Onasch, Timothy B., Zaveri, Rahul A., Scarnato, Barbara V., Fialho, Paulo, and Mazzoleni, Claudio. Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations. United Kingdom: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48143-y.
Bhandari, Janarjan, China, Swarup, Chandrakar, Kamal Kant, Kinney, Greg, Cantrell, Will, Shaw, Raymond A., Mazzoleni, Lynn R., Girotto, Giulia, Sharma, Noopur, Gorkowski, Kyle, Gilardoni, Stefania, Decesari, Stefano, Facchini, Maria Cristina, Zanca, Nicola, Pavese, Giulia, Esposito, Francesco, Dubey, Manvendra K., Aiken, Allison C., Chakrabarty, Rajan K., Moosmüller, Hans, Onasch, Timothy B., Zaveri, Rahul A., Scarnato, Barbara V., Fialho, Paulo, & Mazzoleni, Claudio. Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48143-y
Bhandari, Janarjan, China, Swarup, Chandrakar, Kamal Kant, Kinney, Greg, Cantrell, Will, Shaw, Raymond A., Mazzoleni, Lynn R., Girotto, Giulia, Sharma, Noopur, Gorkowski, Kyle, Gilardoni, Stefania, Decesari, Stefano, Facchini, Maria Cristina, Zanca, Nicola, Pavese, Giulia, Esposito, Francesco, Dubey, Manvendra K., Aiken, Allison C., Chakrabarty, Rajan K., Moosmüller, Hans, Onasch, Timothy B., Zaveri, Rahul A., Scarnato, Barbara V., Fialho, Paulo, and Mazzoleni, Claudio. Wed .
"Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48143-y.
@article{osti_1619574,
title = {Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations},
author = {Bhandari, Janarjan and China, Swarup and Chandrakar, Kamal Kant and Kinney, Greg and Cantrell, Will and Shaw, Raymond A. and Mazzoleni, Lynn R. and Girotto, Giulia and Sharma, Noopur and Gorkowski, Kyle and Gilardoni, Stefania and Decesari, Stefano and Facchini, Maria Cristina and Zanca, Nicola and Pavese, Giulia and Esposito, Francesco and Dubey, Manvendra K. and Aiken, Allison C. and Chakrabarty, Rajan K. and Moosmüller, Hans and Onasch, Timothy B. and Zaveri, Rahul A. and Scarnato, Barbara V. and Fialho, Paulo and Mazzoleni, Claudio},
abstractNote = {Soot particles form during combustion of carbonaceous materials and impact climate and air quality. When freshly emitted, they are typically fractal-like aggregates. After atmospheric aging, they can act as cloud condensation nuclei, and water condensation or evaporation restructure them to more compact aggregates, affecting their optical, aerodynamic, and surface properties. Here we survey the morphology of ambient soot particles from various locations and different environmental and aging conditions. We used electron microscopy and show extensive soot compaction after cloud processing. We further performed laboratory experiments to simulate atmospheric cloud processing under controlled conditions. We find that soot particles sampled after evaporating the cloud droplets, are significantly more compact than freshly emitted and interstitial soot, confirming that cloud processing, not just exposure to high humidity, compacts soot. Our findings have implications for how the radiative, surface, and aerodynamic properties, and the fate of soot particles are represented in numerical models.},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-48143-y},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 9,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2019},
month = {8}
}
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Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: Convexity and roundness of soot particles from the San Pietro Capofiume site in the Po Valley, Italy. Distributions of (a) convexity and (b) roundness for soot particles of categories C0 and C1. The colored bands represent 68% confidence intervals (see the method section). The total number fraction ofmore »
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