Optical conductivity-based ultrasensitive mid-infrared biosensing on a hybrid metasurface

Zhu, Yibo; Li, Zhaoyi; Hao, Zhuang; DiMarco, Christopher; Maturavongsadit, Panita; Hao, Yufeng; Lu, Ming; Stein, Aaron; Wang, Qian; Hone, James; Yu, Nanfang; Lin, Qiao

doi:10.1038/s41377-018-0066-1

Title: Optical conductivity-based ultrasensitive mid-infrared biosensing on a hybrid metasurface

Journal Article · 26 September 2018 · Light, Science & Applications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-018-0066-1 · OSTI ID:1619559

Zhu, Yibo ^[1]; Li, Zhaoyi ^[1]; Hao, Zhuang ^[1]; DiMarco, Christopher ^[1]; Maturavongsadit, Panita ^[2]; Hao, Yufeng ^[3];

^[4];

^[4]; Wang, Qian ^[2]; Hone, James ^[1]; Yu, Nanfang ^[1]; Lin, Qiao ^[1]

Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
Nanjing Univ., Nanjing (China)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Optical devices are highly attractive for biosensing as they can not only enable quantitative measurements of analytes but also provide information on molecular structures. Unfortunately, typical refractive index-based optical sensors do not have sufficient sensitivity to probe the binding of low-molecular-weight analytes. Non-optical devices such as field-effect transistors can be more sensitive but do not offer some of the significant features of optical devices, particularly molecular fingerprinting. We present optical conductivity-based mid-infrared (mid-IR) biosensors that allow for sensitive and quantitative measurements of low-molecular-weight analytes as well as the enhancement of spectral fingerprints. The sensors employ a hybrid metasurface consisting of monolayer graphene and metallic nano-antennas and combine individual advantages of plasmonic, electronic and spectroscopic approaches. First, the hybrid metasurface sensors can optically detect target molecule-induced carrier doping to graphene, allowing highly sensitive detection of low-molecular-weight analytes despite their small sizes. Second, the resonance shifts caused by changes in graphene optical conductivity is a well-defined function of graphene carrier density, thereby allowing for quantification of the binding of molecules. Third, the sensor performance is highly stable and consistent thanks to its insensitivity to graphene carrier mobility degradation. Lastly, the sensors can also act as substrates for surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy. We demonstrated the measurement of monolayers of sub-nanometer-sized molecules or particles and affinity binding-based quantitative detection of glucose down to 200 pM (36 pg/mL). We also demonstrated enhanced fingerprinting of minute quantities of glucose and polymer molecules.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1619559

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1487246

Report Number(s):: BNL-209744-2018-JAAM

Journal Information:: Light, Science & Applications, Vol. 7, Issue 1; ISSN 2047-7538

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 95 works

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Laser Fabrication of Graphene-Based Electronic Skin Liu, Yu-Qing; Chen, Zhao-Di; Mao, Jiang-Wei Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00461	journal	June 2019
Attomolar Detection of Low-Molecular Weight Antibiotics Using Midinfrared-Resonant Toroidal Plasmonic Metachip Technology Ahmadivand, Arash; Gerislioglu, Burak; Ramezani, Zeinab Physical Review Applied, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.12.034018	journal	September 2019
A Review on the Development of Tunable Graphene Nanoantennas for Terahertz Optoelectronic and Plasmonic Applications Ullah, Zaka; Witjaksono, Gunawan; Nawi, Illani Sensors, Vol. 20, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3390/s20051401	journal	March 2020
All-silicon reconfigurable metasurfaces for multifunction and tunable performance at optical frequencies based on glide symmetry Shanei, Mohammad Mahdi; Fathi, Davood; Ghasemifard, Fatemeh Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49395-4	journal	September 2019
Metasurface-mediated anisotropic radiative heat transfer between nanoparticles Zhang, Yong; Antezza, Mauro; Yi, Hong-Liang Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.085426	journal	August 2019