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Title: Reduction of stored-particle background by a magnetic pulse method at the KATRIN experiment

Abstract

The KATRIN experiment aims to determine the effective electron neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2eV/c2 (90\% C.L.) by precision measurement of the shape of the tritium beta-spectrum in the endpoint region. The energy analysis of the decay electrons is achieved by a MAC-E filter spectrometer. A common background source in this setup is the decay of short-lived isotopes, such as 219Rn and 220Rn, in the spectrometer volume. Active and passive countermeasures have been implemented and tested at the KATRIN main spectrometer. One of these is the magnetic pulse method, which employs the existing air coil system to reduce the magnetic guiding field in the spectrometer on a short timescale in order to remove low- and high-energy stored electrons. Here we describe the working principle of this method and present results from commissioning measurements at the main spectrometer. Simulations with the particle-tracking software Kassiopeia were carried out to gain a detailed understanding of the electron storage conditions and removal processes.

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States); Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); Helmholtz Association (HGF); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (MEYS)
Contributing Org.:
KATRIN collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1619348
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1506349; OSTI ID: 1658828; OSTI ID: 1658957
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; FG02-97ER41020; FG02-94ER40818; SC0004036; FG02-97ER41033; FG02-97ER41041; SC0011091; 05A17PM3; 05A17PX3; 05A17VK2; 05A17WO3; VH-NG-1055; CANAM-LM2011019
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields Journal Volume: 78 Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 1434-6044
Publisher:
Springer
Country of Publication:
Germany
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; neutrino; 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats

Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Bauer, S., Beck, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berendes, R., Bergmann, T., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Bode, T., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Brunst, T., Buglak, W., Buzinsky, N., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W. Q., Deffert, M., Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Erhard, M., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Furse, D., Gil, W., Glück, F., Ureña, A. Gonzalez, Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Harms, F., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Herz, W., Hickford, S., Hilk, D., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Kraus, M., Kuckert, L., Lasserre, T., Lebeda, O., Letnev, J., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Mertens, S., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Off, A., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Robertson, R. G. H., Roccati, F., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schönung, K., Schrank, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sentkerestiová, J., Sibille, V., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Steinbrink, N., Sturm, M., Suchopar, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Wandkowsky, N., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., and Zadoroghny, S. Reduction of stored-particle background by a magnetic pulse method at the KATRIN experiment. Germany: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6244-8.
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Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Bauer, S., Beck, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berendes, R., Bergmann, T., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Bode, T., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Brunst, T., Buglak, W., Buzinsky, N., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W. Q., Deffert, M., Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Erhard, M., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Furse, D., Gil, W., Glück, F., Ureña, A. Gonzalez, Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Harms, F., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Herz, W., Hickford, S., Hilk, D., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Kraus, M., Kuckert, L., Lasserre, T., Lebeda, O., Letnev, J., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Mertens, S., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Off, A., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Robertson, R. G. H., Roccati, F., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schönung, K., Schrank, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sentkerestiová, J., Sibille, V., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Steinbrink, N., Sturm, M., Suchopar, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Wandkowsky, N., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., & Zadoroghny, S. Reduction of stored-particle background by a magnetic pulse method at the KATRIN experiment. Germany. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6244-8
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Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Bauer, S., Beck, M., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berendes, R., Bergmann, T., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Bode, T., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Brunst, T., Buglak, W., Buzinsky, N., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W. Q., Deffert, M., Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Erhard, M., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Friedel, F., Fulst, A., Furse, D., Gil, W., Glück, F., Ureña, A. Gonzalez, Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Harms, F., Haußmann, N., Heizmann, F., Helbing, K., Herz, W., Hickford, S., Hilk, D., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Kraus, M., Kuckert, L., Lasserre, T., Lebeda, O., Letnev, J., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Mertens, S., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Off, A., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Robertson, R. G. H., Roccati, F., Rodenbeck, C., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schönung, K., Schrank, M., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Sentkerestiová, J., Sibille, V., Slezák, M., Steidl, M., Steinbrink, N., Sturm, M., Suchopar, M., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Wandkowsky, N., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., and Zadoroghny, S. Wed . "Reduction of stored-particle background by a magnetic pulse method at the KATRIN experiment". Germany. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6244-8.
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@article{osti_1619348,
title = {Reduction of stored-particle background by a magnetic pulse method at the KATRIN experiment},
author = {Arenz, M. and Baek, W. -J. and Bauer, S. and Beck, M. and Beglarian, A. and Behrens, J. and Berendes, R. and Bergmann, T. and Berlev, A. and Besserer, U. and Blaum, K. and Bode, T. and Bornschein, B. and Bornschein, L. and Brunst, T. and Buglak, W. and Buzinsky, N. and Chilingaryan, S. and Choi, W. Q. and Deffert, M. and Doe, P. J. and Dragoun, O. and Drexlin, G. and Dyba, S. and Edzards, F. and Eitel, K. and Ellinger, E. and Engel, R. and Enomoto, S. and Erhard, M. and Eversheim, D. and Fedkevych, M. and Formaggio, J. A. and Fränkle, F. M. and Franklin, G. B. and Friedel, F. and Fulst, A. and Furse, D. and Gil, W. and Glück, F. and Ureña, A. Gonzalez and Grohmann, S. and Grössle, R. and Gumbsheimer, R. and Hackenjos, M. and Hannen, V. and Harms, F. and Haußmann, N. and Heizmann, F. and Helbing, K. and Herz, W. and Hickford, S. and Hilk, D. and Howe, M. A. and Huber, A. and Jansen, A. and Kellerer, J. and Kernert, N. and Kippenbrock, L. and Kleesiek, M. and Klein, M. and Kopmann, A. and Korzeczek, M. and Kovalík, A. and Krasch, B. and Kraus, M. and Kuckert, L. and Lasserre, T. and Lebeda, O. and Letnev, J. and Lokhov, A. and Machatschek, M. and Marsteller, A. and Martin, E. L. and Mertens, S. and Mirz, S. and Monreal, B. and Neumann, H. and Niemes, S. and Off, A. and Osipowicz, A. and Otten, E. and Parno, D. S. and Pollithy, A. and Poon, A. W. P. and Priester, F. and Ranitzsch, P. C. -O. and Rest, O. and Robertson, R. G. H. and Roccati, F. and Rodenbeck, C. and Röllig, M. and Röttele, C. and Ryšavý, M. and Sack, R. and Saenz, A. and Schimpf, L. and Schlösser, K. and Schlösser, M. and Schönung, K. and Schrank, M. and Seitz-Moskaliuk, H. and Sentkerestiová, J. and Sibille, V. and Slezák, M. and Steidl, M. and Steinbrink, N. and Sturm, M. and Suchopar, M. and Telle, H. H. and Thorne, L. A. and Thümmler, T. and Titov, N. and Tkachev, I. and Trost, N. and Valerius, K. and Vénos, D. and Vianden, R. and Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya and Wandkowsky, N. and Weber, M. and Weinheimer, C. and Weiss, C. and Welte, S. and Wendel, J. and Wilkerson, J. F. and Wolf, J. and Wüstling, S. and Zadoroghny, S.},
abstractNote = {The KATRIN experiment aims to determine the effective electron neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2eV/c2 (90\% C.L.) by precision measurement of the shape of the tritium beta-spectrum in the endpoint region. The energy analysis of the decay electrons is achieved by a MAC-E filter spectrometer. A common background source in this setup is the decay of short-lived isotopes, such as 219Rn and 220Rn, in the spectrometer volume. Active and passive countermeasures have been implemented and tested at the KATRIN main spectrometer. One of these is the magnetic pulse method, which employs the existing air coil system to reduce the magnetic guiding field in the spectrometer on a short timescale in order to remove low- and high-energy stored electrons. Here we describe the working principle of this method and present results from commissioning measurements at the main spectrometer. Simulations with the particle-tracking software Kassiopeia were carried out to gain a detailed understanding of the electron storage conditions and removal processes.},
doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6244-8},
journal = {European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields},
number = 9,
volume = 78,
place = {Germany},
year = {Wed Sep 26 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Sep 26 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6244-8
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: The KATRIN beamline with a total length of about 70 m: (a) rear section with calibration devices, (b) windowless gaseous tritium source, (c) differential pumping section, (d) cryogenic pumping section, (e) pre-spectrometer, (f) main spectrometer with air coil system, (g) focal-plane detector. The entire beamline transmits $β$-decay electronsmore » in a 191 T cm2 flux tube to the detector« less
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Works referenced in this record:

Background processes in the KATRIN main spectrometer
journal, September 2017

The wire electrode system for the KATRIN main spectrometer
journal, April 2010

High-voltage monitoring with a solenoid retarding spectrometer at the KATRIN experiment
journal, June 2014

Neutrino mass limit from tritium β decay
journal, July 2008

The Windowless Gaseous Tritium Source (WGTS) of the KATRIN experiment
journal, September 2017

Current Direct Neutrino Mass Experiments
journal, January 2013

  • Drexlin, G.; Hannen, V.; Mertens, S.
  • Advances in High Energy Physics, Vol. 2013
  • DOI: 10.1155/2013/293986

Focal-plane detector system for the KATRIN experiment
journal, April 2015

  • Amsbaugh, J. F.; Barrett, J.; Beglarian, A.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 778
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2014.12.116

Technical design and commissioning of the KATRIN large-volume air coil system
journal, February 2018

Commissioning and detailed results of KATRIN inner loop tritium processing system at Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe
journal, June 2015

Precision high voltage divider for the KATRIN experiment
journal, October 2009

A method for measuring the electron antineutrino rest mass
journal, October 1985

  • Lobashev, V. M.; Spivak, P. E.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 240, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1016/0168-9002(85)90640-0

Upper limit on the electron antineutrino mass from the Troitsk experiment
journal, December 2011

The KATRIN superconducting magnets: overview and first performance results
journal, August 2018

Measurement of the gas-flow reduction factor of the KATRIN DPS2-F differential pumping section
journal, February 2012

Next generation KATRIN high precision voltage divider for voltages up to 65kV
journal, October 2013

Commissioning of the vacuum system of the KATRIN Main Spectrometer
journal, April 2016

Atomic Masses of Tritium and Helium-3
journal, January 2015

The Cryogenic Pumping Section of the KATRIN Experiment
journal, June 2010

  • Gil, Woosik; Bonn, Jochen; Bornschein, Beate
  • IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 20, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2009.2038581

Monitoring of the operating parameters of the KATRIN Windowless Gaseous Tritium Source
journal, October 2012

A pulsed, mono-energetic and angular-selective UV photo-electron source for the commissioning of the KATRIN experiment
journal, June 2017

Results of the first Cool-down of the KATRIN Cryogenic Pumping Section
journal, September 2017

Validation of a model for radon-induced background processes in electrostatic spectrometers
journal, June 2013

  • Wandkowsky, N.; Drexlin, G.; Fränkle, F. M.
  • Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 40, Issue 8
  • DOI: 10.1088/0954-3899/40/8/085102

Kassiopeia: a modern, extensible C++ particle tracking package
journal, May 2017

Properties of 83 m Kr conversion electrons and their use in the KATRIN experiment
journal, February 2018

Electromagnetic design of the large-volume air coil system of the KATRIN experiment
journal, August 2013

Final results from phase II of the Mainz neutrino mass searchin tritium ${\beta}$ decay
journal, April 2005

Monte Carlo simulation of gas flow through the KATRIN DPS2-F differential pumping system
journal, June 2006

A solenoid retarding spectrometer with high resolution and transmission for keV electrons
journal, February 1992

  • Picard, A.; Backe, H.; Barth, H.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 63, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1016/0168-583X(92)95119-C
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