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Title: 3D domain swapping in the TIM barrel of the α subunit of Streptococcus pneumoniae tryptophan synthase

Abstract

Tryptophan synthase catalyzes the last two steps of tryptophan biosynthesis in plants, fungi and bacteria. It consists of two protein chains, designated α and β, encoded by trpA and trpB genes, that function as an αββα complex. Structural and functional features of tryptophan synthase have been extensively studied, explaining the roles of individual residues in the two active sites in catalysis and allosteric regulation. TrpA serves as a model for protein-folding studies. In 1969, Jackson and Yanofsky observed that the typically monomeric TrpA forms a small population of dimers. Dimerization was postulated to take place through an exchange of structural elements of the monomeric chains, a phenomenon later termed 3D domain swapping. The structural details of the TrpA dimer have remained unknown. Here, the crystal structure of the Streptococcus pneumoniae TrpA homodimer is reported, demonstrating 3D domain swapping in a TIM-barrel fold for the first time. The N-terminal domain comprising the H0–S1–H1–S2 elements is exchanged, while the hinge region corresponds to loop L2 linking strand S2 to helix H2′. The structural elements S2 and L2 carry the catalytic residues Glu52 and Asp63. As the S2 element is part of the swapped domain, the architecture of the catalytic apparatus in themore » dimer is recreated from two protein chains. The homodimer interface overlaps with the α–β interface of the tryptophan synthase αββα heterotetramer, suggesting that the 3D domain-swapped dimer cannot form a complex with the β subunit. In the crystal, the dimers assemble into a decamer comprising two pentameric rings.« less

Authors:
; ORCiD logo; ; ; ORCiD logo; ORCiD logo;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; National Institutes of Health (NIH)
OSTI Identifier:
1617954
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1660745
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Acta Crystallographica. Section D. Structural Biology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Acta Crystallographica. Section D. Structural Biology Journal Volume: 76 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2059-7983
Publisher:
IUCr
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; tryptophan synthase; TIM barrel; 3D domain swapping; protein oligomerization; Streptococcus pneumoniae

Citation Formats

Michalska, Karolina, Kowiel, Marcin, Bigelow, Lance, Endres, Michael, Gilski, Miroslaw, Jaskolski, Mariusz, and Joachimiak, Andrzej. 3D domain swapping in the TIM barrel of the α subunit of Streptococcus pneumoniae tryptophan synthase. United Kingdom: N. p., 2020. Web. https://doi.org/10.1107/S2059798320000212.
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Michalska, Karolina, Kowiel, Marcin, Bigelow, Lance, Endres, Michael, Gilski, Miroslaw, Jaskolski, Mariusz, & Joachimiak, Andrzej. 3D domain swapping in the TIM barrel of the α subunit of Streptococcus pneumoniae tryptophan synthase. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1107/S2059798320000212
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Michalska, Karolina, Kowiel, Marcin, Bigelow, Lance, Endres, Michael, Gilski, Miroslaw, Jaskolski, Mariusz, and Joachimiak, Andrzej. Fri . "3D domain swapping in the TIM barrel of the α subunit of Streptococcus pneumoniae tryptophan synthase". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1107/S2059798320000212.
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@article{osti_1617954,
title = {3D domain swapping in the TIM barrel of the α subunit of Streptococcus pneumoniae tryptophan synthase},
author = {Michalska, Karolina and Kowiel, Marcin and Bigelow, Lance and Endres, Michael and Gilski, Miroslaw and Jaskolski, Mariusz and Joachimiak, Andrzej},
abstractNote = {Tryptophan synthase catalyzes the last two steps of tryptophan biosynthesis in plants, fungi and bacteria. It consists of two protein chains, designated α and β, encoded by trpA and trpB genes, that function as an αββα complex. Structural and functional features of tryptophan synthase have been extensively studied, explaining the roles of individual residues in the two active sites in catalysis and allosteric regulation. TrpA serves as a model for protein-folding studies. In 1969, Jackson and Yanofsky observed that the typically monomeric TrpA forms a small population of dimers. Dimerization was postulated to take place through an exchange of structural elements of the monomeric chains, a phenomenon later termed 3D domain swapping. The structural details of the TrpA dimer have remained unknown. Here, the crystal structure of the Streptococcus pneumoniae TrpA homodimer is reported, demonstrating 3D domain swapping in a TIM-barrel fold for the first time. The N-terminal domain comprising the H0–S1–H1–S2 elements is exchanged, while the hinge region corresponds to loop L2 linking strand S2 to helix H2′. The structural elements S2 and L2 carry the catalytic residues Glu52 and Asp63. As the S2 element is part of the swapped domain, the architecture of the catalytic apparatus in the dimer is recreated from two protein chains. The homodimer interface overlaps with the α–β interface of the tryptophan synthase αββα heterotetramer, suggesting that the 3D domain-swapped dimer cannot form a complex with the β subunit. In the crystal, the dimers assemble into a decamer comprising two pentameric rings.},
doi = {10.1107/S2059798320000212},
journal = {Acta Crystallographica. Section D. Structural Biology},
number = 2,
volume = 76,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2020},
month = {1}
}
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