Silicon carbide and its composites for nuclear applications – Historical overview

Katoh, Yutai; Snead, Lance L.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151849

Title: Silicon carbide and its composites for nuclear applications – Historical overview

Abstract

The goal of achieving higher thermal efficiency in nuclear power systems, whether fission or fusion based, has invariably led to the study and development of refractory metals, ceramics, and their composites. Silicon carbide materials, owing to their favorable neutronic and high-temperature properties, have seen extensive study for over half a century in support of this goal. Currently, our community has a relatively deep understanding of the irradiation effects on this system and has developed irradiation-hardened materials that are currently in use for fission reactor fuels and available as structural composites for next generation reactors. Outside of the nuclear arena SiC has also enjoyed significant development with a wide range of ordinary and high-value product now in use including very high temperature commercial aerospace installations such as turbine engines. This overview presents a brief history of the development of SiC, focused on but not limited to irradiation applications that has led to our present understanding of the system for nuclear application.

Authors:

^[1]; Snead, Lance L. ^[2]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

Publication Date:: 2019-10-18

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1617802

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1703243

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; C05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Nuclear Materials

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 526; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-3115

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats


                    Katoh, Yutai, and Snead, Lance L. Silicon carbide and its composites for nuclear applications – Historical overview.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151849.

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                    Katoh, Yutai, & Snead, Lance L. Silicon carbide and its composites for nuclear applications – Historical overview.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151849

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                    Katoh, Yutai, and Snead, Lance L. Fri .  
"Silicon carbide and its composites for nuclear applications – Historical overview".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151849.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1617802.

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@article{osti_1617802,

  title        = {Silicon carbide and its composites for nuclear applications – Historical overview},

  author       = {Katoh, Yutai and Snead, Lance L.},

  abstractNote = {The goal of achieving higher thermal efficiency in nuclear power systems, whether fission or fusion based, has invariably led to the study and development of refractory metals, ceramics, and their composites. Silicon carbide materials, owing to their favorable neutronic and high-temperature properties, have seen extensive study for over half a century in support of this goal. Currently, our community has a relatively deep understanding of the irradiation effects on this system and has developed irradiation-hardened materials that are currently in use for fission reactor fuels and available as structural composites for next generation reactors. Outside of the nuclear arena SiC has also enjoyed significant development with a wide range of ordinary and high-value product now in use including very high temperature commercial aerospace installations such as turbine engines. This overview presents a brief history of the development of SiC, focused on but not limited to irradiation applications that has led to our present understanding of the system for nuclear application.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151849},

  journal      = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 526,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2019},

  month        = {10}

}

Copy to clipboard

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Figure 1: Market share [1] and SiC products of increasing value. From left: green (or black) SiC powder for processing or grinding, example of grinding media (Axminster Green SiC Disc), heating elements (Kanthal Globar® for laboratory use and commercial steel/aluminum/glass production, SiC/graphite composite brake (Cree) MOSFET’s and LED Lighting production,more »

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Computer simulation of a 10 keV Si displacement cascade in SiC
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Huang, Hanchen; Ghoniem, Nasr
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Antisites in silicon carbide
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Composite materials for fusion applications
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Current status and recent research achievements in SiC/SiC composites
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Progress in SiC-Based Ceramic Composites for Fusion Applications
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Swelling of SiC at intermediate and high irradiation temperatures
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Mechanical properties of neutron-irradiated ceramic materials
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Dienst, W.
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High Temperature Ion-Irradiation Effects on Microstructural Evolution in β-SiC
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Cavity Swelling Behavior in SiC/SiC Under Charged Particle Irradiation
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Ozawa, Kazumi; Kondo, Sosuke; Hinoki, Tatsuya
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Synergistic Effects of Heavy Ion and Helium Irradiation on Microstructural and Dimensional Change in β-SiC
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Kondo, Sosuke; Hinoki, Tatsuya; Kohyama, Akira
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Microstructural defects in SiC neutron irradiated at very high temperatures
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Kondo, S.; Katoh, Y.; Snead, L. L.
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Cavity swelling and dislocation evolution in SiC at very high temperatures
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Kondo, S.; Katoh, Y.; Snead, L. L.
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Release and Diffusion Rate of Helium in Neutron-Irradiated SiC
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Light ion irradiation creep of SiC fibers in torsion
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Irradiation creep of advanced silicon carbide fibers
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Light ion irradiation creep of Textron SCS-6™ silicon carbide fibers
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Scholz, R.; Mueller, R.; Lesueur, D.
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Irradiation creep of high purity CVD silicon carbide as estimated by the bend stress relaxation method
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Katoh, Y.; Snead, L. L.; Hinoki, T.
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Irradiation creep of 3C–SiC and microstructural understanding of the underlying mechanisms
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Kondo, Sosuke; Koyanagi, Takaaki; Hinoki, Tatsuya
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Neutron-irradiation creep of silicon carbide materials beyond the initial transient
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Koyanagi, Takaaki; Katoh, Yutai; Ozawa, Kazumi
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Anisotropic evolution of Frank loops in ion-irradiated silicon carbide
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Kondo, S.; Kohyama, A.; Hinoki, T.
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Microstructures of beta-silicon carbide after irradiation creep deformation at elevated temperatures
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Katoh, Yutai; Kondo, Sosuke; Snead, Lance L.
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Atomic-scale simulation of 50 keV Si displacement cascades in β-SiC
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Gao, F.; Weber, W. J.
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Cascade overlap and amorphization in $3 C - SiC :$ Defect accumulation, topological features, and disordering
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Defect production, multiple ion–solid interactions and amorphization in SiC
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Gao, F.; Weber, W. J.; Devanathan, R.
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Signature of intrinsic defects in SiC: Ab initio calculations of hyperfine tensors
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Bockstedte, Michel; Mattausch, Alexander; Pankratov, Oleg
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Defect-Enhanced Charge Transfer by Ion-Solid Interactions in SiC using Large-Scale Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations
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Gao, Fei; Xiao, Haiyan; Zu, Xiaotao
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Gao, F.; Chen, D.; Hu, Wangyu
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Ab initio study of the annealing of vacancies and interstitials in cubic SiC: Vacancy-interstitial recombination and aggregation of carbon interstitials
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Bockstedte, Michel; Mattausch, Alexander; Pankratov, Oleg
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Evidence for a kinetic bias towards antisite formation in SiC nano-decomposition
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Accident tolerant fuels for LWRs: A perspective
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Zinkle, S. J.; Terrani, K. A.; Gehin, J. C.
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Accident tolerant fuel cladding development: Promise, status, and challenges
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Terrani, Kurt A.
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Quantification of irradiation defects in beta-silicon carbide using Raman spectroscopy
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Koyanagi, T.; Lance, M. J.; Katoh, Y.
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Raman spectroscopy of neutron irradiated silicon carbide: Correlation among Raman spectra, swelling, and irradiation temperature
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Koyanagi, Takaaki; Katoh, Yutai; Lance, Michael J.
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Evolution of small defect clusters in ion-irradiated 3C-SiC: Combined cluster dynamics modeling and experimental study
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Liu, C.; He, L.; Zhai, Y.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 125
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Irradiation-induced β to α SiC transformation at low temperature
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Parish, Chad M.; Koyanagi, Takaaki; Kondo, Sosuke
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Positron annihilation spectroscopy investigation of vacancy defects in neutron-irradiated $3 C$ -SiC
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Hu, Xunxiang; Koyanagi, Takaaki; Katoh, Yutai
Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 10
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Microstructural evolution of neutron irradiated 3C-SiC
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Sprouster, D. J.; Koyanagi, T.; Dooryhee, E.
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Katoh, Yutai; Nozawa, Takashi; Shih, Chunghao
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Mechanical property degradation of high crystalline SiC fiber–reinforced SiC matrix composite neutron irradiated to ∼100 displacements per atom
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Koyanagi, Takaaki; Nozawa, Takashi; Katoh, Yutai
Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 38, Issue 4
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Irradiation-induced shrinkage of highly crystalline SiC fibers
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Kondo, Sosuke; Hinoki, Tatsuya; Nonaka, Makoto
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Multiscale characterization of irradiation behaviour of ion-irradiated SiC/SiC composites
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Agarwal, S.; Duscher, G.; Zhao, Y.
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High-dose, intermediate-temperature neutron irradiation effects on silicon carbide composites with varied fiber/matrix interfaces
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Nozawa, Takashi; Koyanagi, Takaaki; Katoh, Yutai
Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 39, Issue 8
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Ab initio based rate theory model of radiation induced amorphization in β-SiC
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Swaminathan, Narasimhan; Morgan, Dane; Szlufarska, Izabela
Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 414, Issue 3
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Energy barriers for point-defect reactions in $3 C$ -SiC
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Zheng, Ming-Jie; Swaminathan, Narasimhan; Morgan, Dane
Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 5
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Structures and stabilities of small carbon interstitial clusters in cubic silicon carbide
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Jiang, Chao; Morgan, Dane; Szlufarska, Izabela
Acta Materialia, Vol. 62
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Accelerated atomistic simulation study on the stability and mobility of carbon tri-interstitial cluster in cubic SiC
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Jiang, H.; Jiang, C.; Morgan, D.
Computational Materials Science, Vol. 89
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Motivation for utilizing new high-performance advanced materials in nuclear energy systems
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Zinkle, S. J.; Terrani, K. A.; Snead, L. L.
Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, Vol. 20, Issue 6
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Figures / Tables found in this record:

Figure 1 (p. 3)

Figure 2 (p. 3)

Table 1 (p. 7)

Table 1 (Continued) (p. 9)

Table 1 (Continued) (p. 10)

Table 1 (Continued) (p. 11)

Table 1 (Continued) (p. 12)

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SILICON CARBIDE CERAMICS FOR COMPACT HEAT EXCHANGERS

Technical Report NAGLE, DENNIS ; ZHANG, DAJIE

Silicon carbide (SiC) materials are prime candidates for high temperature heat exchangers for next generation nuclear reactors due to their refractory nature and high thermal conductivity at elevated temperatures. This research has focused on demonstrating the potential of liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) for making SiC to achieve this goal. The major advantage of this method over other ceramic processing techniques is the enhanced capability of making high dense, high purity SiC materials in complex net shapes. For successful formation of net shape SiC using LSI techniques, the carbon preform reactivity and pore structure must be controlled to allow the completemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/950101

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Development of LWR Fuels with Enhanced Accident Tolerance ATF Feasibility Analysis Report Deliverable for the Westinghouse Accident Tolerant Fuel Program

Technical Report Lahoda, Edward J. ; Boyan, Frank A.

The Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Westinghouse) accident tolerant fuel (ATF) program utilizes chromium (Cr) coated zirconium alloy cladding with uranium silicide (U₃Si₂) high density/high thermal conductivity fuel for its lead test rod (LTR) program with irradiation beginning in 2019. The lead test assembly (LTA) program will use both SiC/SiC composites and Cr coated zirconium alloy claddings with the high density/high thermal conductivity U₃Si₂ pellet which will begin in 2022. Over the past several years, Westinghouse has tested the Cr coated zirconium (Zr) and silicon carbide (SiC) claddings in autoclaves and in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) reactor and themore »« less

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Title: Silicon carbide and its composites for nuclear applications – Historical overview

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Recent Research Activities regarding SiC-Based Ceramic Composites for Aerospace Applications journal, January 2004

Evidence for interstellar SiC in the Murray carbonaceous meteorite journal, December 1987

Untersuchungen über die Flussspathsäure und deren merkwürdigsten Verbindungen journal, January 1824

Practical aspects of deposition of CVD SiC and boron silicon carbide onto high temperature composites journal, December 1996

気相反応法による炭化けい素超微粉体の焼結特性 journal, January 1981

Effect of Chemical Composition on the Sinterability of Ultrafine Sic Powders journal, July 1983

Solid-state pressureless sintering of silicon carbide below 2000°C journal, December 2014

Pressureless sintering of silicon carbide journal, April 1987

Effects of Carbon as a Sintering Aid in Silicon Carbide journal, January 1990

Carbon Inclusions in Sintered Silicon Carbide journal, September 1989

Pressureless sintering of silicon carbide ceramics containing zirconium diboride journal, August 2011

Low-Temperature Pressureless Sintering of alpha-SiC with Al4C3-B4C-C Additions journal, August 1999

Pressureless Sintering of SiC journal, June 1982

Development of a silicon carbide fibre with high tensile strength journal, June 1976

Continuous Silicon Carbide Fiber of high Tensile Strength journal, September 1975

Synthesis of Continuous Sic Fibers with High Tensile Strength journal, July 1976

Synthesis and structure of a highly branched polycarbosilane derived from (chloromethyl)trichlorosilane journal, May 1991

Observation and possible mechanism of irradiation induced creep in ceramics journal, March 2013

Grain boundary complexions in silicon carbide journal, November 2017

Microstructure and hydrothermal corrosion behavior of NITE-SiC with various sintering additives in LWR coolant environments journal, April 2017

Irradiation creep of nano-powder sintered silicon carbide at low neutron fluences journal, December 2014

Microstructural Analysis of Liquid-Phase-Sintered β-Silicon Carbide journal, February 2002

Microstructural evolution during silicon carbide (SiC) formation by liquid silicon infiltration using optical microscopy journal, March 2010

Additive-free hot-pressed silicon carbide ceramics—A material with exceptional mechanical properties journal, May 2016

Processing, Fracture Toughness, and Vickers Hardness of Allylhydridopolycarbosilane-Derived Silicon Carbide journal, February 2003

Characterization of the Evolution and Properties of Silicon Carbide Derived From a Preceramic Polymer Precursor journal, May 2013

High dose neutron irradiation of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations journal, July 2015

Fabrication and Oxidation-Resistance Property of Allylhydridopolycarbosilane-Derived SiC/SiC Composites journal, January 2003

Microstructures and Flexural Properties of High Temperature-Pyrolyzed PIP-SiC/SiC Composites journal, June 2005

Thermo-mechanical properties and microstructure of silicon carbide composites fabricated by nano-infiltrated transient eutectoid process journal, November 2002

Preparation of SiC/SiC Composites by Hot Pressing, Using Tyranno-SA Fiber as Reinforcement journal, January 2003

In-Plane Cracking Behavior and Ultimate Strength for 2D Woven and Braided Melt-Infiltrated SiC/SiC Composites Tensile Loaded in Off-Axis Fiber Directions journal, October 2007

Testing of HTR UO2 TRISO fuels in AVR and in material test reactors journal, October 2013

Coated particle fuel: Historical perspectives and current progress journal, March 2019

Radiation Damage in Insulators journal, November 1953

Radiation Damage in Diamond and Silicon Carbide journal, September 1956

Determination of Density of Small Fragments journal, September 1954

Stored energy release in neutron irradiated silicon carbide journal, February 2019

Method for analyzing passive silicon carbide thermometry with a continuous dilatometer to determine irradiation temperature journal, March 2016

Zur Temperaturabhängigkeit der Strahlensättigung in SiC journal, January 1965

Effects of fast-neutron irradiation on pyrolytic silicon carbide journal, October 1969

Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling journal, September 2007

Tensile behavior of irradiated SiC fibers journal, March 1995

Neutron irradiation effects on the density, tensile properties and microstructural changes in Hi-Nicalon™ and Sylramic™ SiC fibers journal, March 1998

Neutron irradiation effects on high-crystallinity and near-stoichiometry SiC fibers and their composites journal, August 2004

Evaluation of neutron irradiated silicon carbide and silicon carbide composites journal, September 2007

Stability of SiC and its composites at high neutron fluence journal, October 2011

Flexural strength of proof-tested and neutron-irradiated silicon carbide journal, July 1982

Assessment of silicon carbide as a potential wall protection material for fusion reactors journal, December 1991

The expansion of silicon carbide by neutron irradiation at high temperature journal, June 1971

High voltage electron transmission microscopy of pyrolytic silicon carbide coatings from nuclear fuel particles journal, January 1973

Neutron irradiation-induced voids in β-silicon carbide journal, August 1973

Voids in Irradiated Stainless Steel journal, November 1967

The observation of helium bubbles in irradiated 20 % Cr-25 % Ni-Ti stainless steel journal, January 1966

Thermal conductivity of neutron-irradiated pyrolytic β-silicon carbide journal, April 1973

Properties of Silicon Carbide for Nuclear Fuel Particle Coatings journal, September 1977

The influence of sintering additives on the irradiation resistance of NITE SiC journal, October 2011

Effects of neutron irradiation on mechanical properties of silicon carbide composites fabricated by nano-infiltration and transient eutectic-phase process journal, May 2014

Creep of chemically vapour deposited SiC fibres journal, January 1986

Temperature monitors for uninstrumented irradiation experiments journal, June 1971

Annealing Behavior of Neutron-Irradiated Silicon Carbide Temperature Monitors journal, December 1972

Annealing behavior of neutron irradiated β-SiC journal, October 1973

The development of silicon carbide as a routine irradiation temperature monitor, and its calibration in a thermal reactor journal, September 1976

The calibration of fast reactor irradiated silicon carbide temperature monitors using a length measurement technique journal, August 1980

Neutron irradiation reduces the mechanical properties of reaction-bonded silicon carbide journal, January 1973

Irradiation damage in reaction-bonded silicon carbide journal, June 1974

Effects of neutron irradiation on SiC fiber journal, August 1985

Mechanical properties of neutron irradiated SiC fibers journal, November 1986

?-ray irradiation curing on polycarbosilane fibres as the precursor of SiC fibres journal, January 1985

Fine diameter ceramic fibres journal, November 2000

Mechanical, Thermal, and Microstructural Properties of Neutron-Irradiated SiC journal, July 1983

Thermal properties of neutron-irradiated SiC; effects of boron doping journal, July 1982

Microstructure and annealing behavior of heavily neutron-irradiated β-SiC journal, July 1988

Computer modeling of Si and SiC surfaces and surface processes relevant to crystal growth from the vapor journal, December 1984

New empirical approach for the structure and energy of covalent systems journal, April 1988

Empirical interatomic potential for silicon with improved elastic properties journal, November 1988

Recent Research Activities regarding SiC-Based Ceramic Composites for Aerospace Applications
journal, January 2004

Evidence for interstellar SiC in the Murray carbonaceous meteorite
journal, December 1987

Untersuchungen über die Flussspathsäure und deren merkwürdigsten Verbindungen
journal, January 1824

Practical aspects of deposition of CVD SiC and boron silicon carbide onto high temperature composites
journal, December 1996

気相反応法による炭化けい素超微粉体の焼結特性
journal, January 1981

Effect of Chemical Composition on the Sinterability of Ultrafine Sic Powders
journal, July 1983

Solid-state pressureless sintering of silicon carbide below 2000°C
journal, December 2014

Pressureless sintering of silicon carbide
journal, April 1987

Effects of Carbon as a Sintering Aid in Silicon Carbide
journal, January 1990

Carbon Inclusions in Sintered Silicon Carbide
journal, September 1989

Pressureless sintering of silicon carbide ceramics containing zirconium diboride
journal, August 2011

Low-Temperature Pressureless Sintering of alpha-SiC with Al4C3-B4C-C Additions
journal, August 1999

Pressureless Sintering of SiC
journal, June 1982

Development of a silicon carbide fibre with high tensile strength
journal, June 1976

Continuous Silicon Carbide Fiber of high Tensile Strength
journal, September 1975

Synthesis of Continuous Sic Fibers with High Tensile Strength
journal, July 1976

Synthesis and structure of a highly branched polycarbosilane derived from (chloromethyl)trichlorosilane
journal, May 1991

Observation and possible mechanism of irradiation induced creep in ceramics
journal, March 2013

Grain boundary complexions in silicon carbide
journal, November 2017

Microstructure and hydrothermal corrosion behavior of NITE-SiC with various sintering additives in LWR coolant environments
journal, April 2017

Irradiation creep of nano-powder sintered silicon carbide at low neutron fluences
journal, December 2014

Microstructural Analysis of Liquid-Phase-Sintered β-Silicon Carbide
journal, February 2002

Microstructural evolution during silicon carbide (SiC) formation by liquid silicon infiltration using optical microscopy
journal, March 2010

Additive-free hot-pressed silicon carbide ceramics—A material with exceptional mechanical properties
journal, May 2016

Processing, Fracture Toughness, and Vickers Hardness of Allylhydridopolycarbosilane-Derived Silicon Carbide
journal, February 2003

Characterization of the Evolution and Properties of Silicon Carbide Derived From a Preceramic Polymer Precursor
journal, May 2013

High dose neutron irradiation of Hi-Nicalon Type S silicon carbide composites, Part 1: Microstructural evaluations
journal, July 2015

Fabrication and Oxidation-Resistance Property of Allylhydridopolycarbosilane-Derived SiC/SiC Composites
journal, January 2003

Microstructures and Flexural Properties of High Temperature-Pyrolyzed PIP-SiC/SiC Composites
journal, June 2005

Thermo-mechanical properties and microstructure of silicon carbide composites fabricated by nano-infiltrated transient eutectoid process
journal, November 2002

Preparation of SiC/SiC Composites by Hot Pressing, Using Tyranno-SA Fiber as Reinforcement
journal, January 2003

In-Plane Cracking Behavior and Ultimate Strength for 2D Woven and Braided Melt-Infiltrated SiC/SiC Composites Tensile Loaded in Off-Axis Fiber Directions
journal, October 2007

Testing of HTR UO2 TRISO fuels in AVR and in material test reactors
journal, October 2013

Coated particle fuel: Historical perspectives and current progress
journal, March 2019

Radiation Damage in Insulators
journal, November 1953

Radiation Damage in Diamond and Silicon Carbide
journal, September 1956

Determination of Density of Small Fragments
journal, September 1954

Stored energy release in neutron irradiated silicon carbide
journal, February 2019

Method for analyzing passive silicon carbide thermometry with a continuous dilatometer to determine irradiation temperature
journal, March 2016

Zur Temperaturabhängigkeit der Strahlensättigung in SiC
journal, January 1965

Effects of fast-neutron irradiation on pyrolytic silicon carbide
journal, October 1969

Handbook of SiC properties for fuel performance modeling
journal, September 2007

Tensile behavior of irradiated SiC fibers
journal, March 1995

Neutron irradiation effects on the density, tensile properties and microstructural changes in Hi-Nicalon™ and Sylramic™ SiC fibers
journal, March 1998

Neutron irradiation effects on high-crystallinity and near-stoichiometry SiC fibers and their composites
journal, August 2004

Evaluation of neutron irradiated silicon carbide and silicon carbide composites
journal, September 2007

Stability of SiC and its composites at high neutron fluence
journal, October 2011

Flexural strength of proof-tested and neutron-irradiated silicon carbide
journal, July 1982

Assessment of silicon carbide as a potential wall protection material for fusion reactors
journal, December 1991

The expansion of silicon carbide by neutron irradiation at high temperature
journal, June 1971

High voltage electron transmission microscopy of pyrolytic silicon carbide coatings from nuclear fuel particles
journal, January 1973

Neutron irradiation-induced voids in β-silicon carbide
journal, August 1973

Voids in Irradiated Stainless Steel
journal, November 1967

The observation of helium bubbles in irradiated 20 % Cr-25 % Ni-Ti stainless steel
journal, January 1966

Thermal conductivity of neutron-irradiated pyrolytic β-silicon carbide
journal, April 1973

Properties of Silicon Carbide for Nuclear Fuel Particle Coatings
journal, September 1977

The influence of sintering additives on the irradiation resistance of NITE SiC
journal, October 2011

Effects of neutron irradiation on mechanical properties of silicon carbide composites fabricated by nano-infiltration and transient eutectic-phase process
journal, May 2014

Creep of chemically vapour deposited SiC fibres
journal, January 1986

Temperature monitors for uninstrumented irradiation experiments
journal, June 1971

Annealing Behavior of Neutron-Irradiated Silicon Carbide Temperature Monitors
journal, December 1972

Annealing behavior of neutron irradiated β-SiC
journal, October 1973

The development of silicon carbide as a routine irradiation temperature monitor, and its calibration in a thermal reactor
journal, September 1976

The calibration of fast reactor irradiated silicon carbide temperature monitors using a length measurement technique
journal, August 1980

Neutron irradiation reduces the mechanical properties of reaction-bonded silicon carbide
journal, January 1973

Irradiation damage in reaction-bonded silicon carbide
journal, June 1974

Effects of neutron irradiation on SiC fiber
journal, August 1985

Mechanical properties of neutron irradiated SiC fibers
journal, November 1986

?-ray irradiation curing on polycarbosilane fibres as the precursor of SiC fibres
journal, January 1985

Fine diameter ceramic fibres
journal, November 2000

Mechanical, Thermal, and Microstructural Properties of Neutron-Irradiated SiC
journal, July 1983

Thermal properties of neutron-irradiated SiC; effects of boron doping
journal, July 1982

Microstructure and annealing behavior of heavily neutron-irradiated β-SiC
journal, July 1988

Computer modeling of Si and SiC surfaces and surface processes relevant to crystal growth from the vapor
journal, December 1984

New empirical approach for the structure and energy of covalent systems
journal, April 1988

Empirical interatomic potential for silicon with improved elastic properties
journal, November 1988

Modeling solid-state chemistry: Interatomic potentials for multicomponent systems
journal, March 1989

Formation energies, abundances, and the electronic structure of native defects in cubic SiC
journal, December 1988

Defects in neutron irradiated SiC
journal, April 1987

Electron spin resonance in electron‐irradiated 3C‐SiC
journal, November 1989