Effects of ball milling on the structure of cotton cellulose

Ling, Zhe; Wang, Tuo; Makarem, Mohamadamin; Santiago Cintrón, Michael; Cheng, H. N.; Kang, Xue; Bacher, Markus; Potthast, Antje; Rosenau, Thomas; King, Holly; Delhom, Christopher D.; Nam, Sunghyun; Vincent Edwards, J.; Kim, Seong H.; Xu, Feng; French, Alfred D.

doi:10.1007/s10570-018-02230-x

Title: Effects of ball milling on the structure of cotton cellulose

Journal Article · 16 January 2019 · Cellulose

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-018-02230-x · OSTI ID:1616572

Ling, Zhe ^[1]; Wang, Tuo ^[2]; Makarem, Mohamadamin ^[3]; Santiago Cintrón, Michael ^[4]; Cheng, H. N. ^[4]; Kang, Xue ^[2]; Bacher, Markus ^[5]; Potthast, Antje ^[5]; Rosenau, Thomas ^[5]; King, Holly ^[4]; Delhom, Christopher D. ^[4]; Nam, Sunghyun ^[4]; Vincent Edwards, J. ^[4]; Kim, Seong H. ^[3]; Xu, Feng ^[6];

^[4]

Beijing Forestry Univ. (China); US Dept. of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), New Orleans, LA (United States); Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA
Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States)
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
US Dept. of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), New Orleans, LA (United States)
Univ. of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln (Austria)
Beijing Forestry Univ. (China)

Cellulose is typically characterized as a mixture of crystalline and amorphous material. A large part of the general understanding of the chemical, biochemical and physical properties of cellulosic materials is thought to depend on the consequences of the ratio of these components. For example, amorphous materials are said to be more reactive and have less tensile strength but comprehensive understanding and definitive analysis remain elusive. Ball milling has been used for decades to increase the ratio of amorphous material. The present work used 13 techniques to follow the changes in cotton fibers (nearly pure cellulose) after ball milling for 15, 45 and 120 min. X-ray diffraction results were analyzed with the Rietveld method; DNP (dynamic nuclear polarization) natural abundance 2D NMR studies in the next paper in this issue assisted with the interpretation of the 1D analyses in the present work. A conventional NMR model’s paracrystalline and inaccessible crystallite surfaces were not needed in the model used for the DNP studies. Sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy also showed profound changes as the cellulose was decrystallized. Optical microscopy and field emission-scanning electron microscopy results showed the changes in particle size; molecular weight and carbonyl group analyses by gel permeation chromatography confirmed chemical changes. Specific surface areas and pore sizes increased. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy also indicated progressive changes; some proposed indicators of crystallinity for FTIR were not in good agreement with our results. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated progressive increase in initial moisture content and some loss in stability. Although understanding of structural changes as cellulose is amorphized by ball milling is increased by this work, continued effort is needed to improve agreement between the synchrotron and laboratory X-ray methods used herein and to provide physical interpretation of the SFG results.

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Research Organization:: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001090

OSTI ID:: 1616572

Journal Information:: Cellulose, Journal Name: Cellulose Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 26; ISSN 0969-0239

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Kinetics of Cellulose Deposition in Developing Cotton Fibers Studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis Cabrales, Luis; Abidi, Noureddine Fibers, Vol. 7, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3390/fib7090078	journal	August 2019

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Title: Effects of ball milling on the structure of cotton cellulose

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