Accurate Consensus-based Distributed Averaging with Variable Time Delay in Support of Distributed Secondary Control Algorithms

Du, Yuhua; Tu, Hao; Yu, Hui; Lukic, Srdjan

doi:10.1109/TSG.2020.2975752

Title: Accurate Consensus-based Distributed Averaging with Variable Time Delay in Support of Distributed Secondary Control Algorithms

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Abstract

We report that distributed secondary control has been widely used in hierarchical control structures, where multiple distributed generators (DGs) need to coordinate to regulate system voltage and frequency. In these systems, consensus algorithms determine the average of a group of dynamic states (e.g. voltages measured by a group of DGs). To be useful, consensus algorithms must be computationally efficient, stable and accurate. In practice, numerous practical implementation challenges significantly affect the consensus equilibrium. In this paper, we quantify the accuracy deviations of the distributed average observer algorithms proposed in the literature to demonstrate the problems with the state-of-the-art distributed averaging techniques. A novel approach is proposed that achieves accurate average tracking in the presence of time-varying communication delays among agents. In our implementation, time synchronization of all distributed controllers is enabled by a novel software platform, called Resilient Information Architecture Platform for the Smart Grid (RIAPS). The proposed distributed average observer is implemented on hardware controllers and its effectiveness is validated in a controller hardware-in-the-loop testbed.

Authors:

Du, Yuhua ^[1]; Tu, Hao; Yu, Hui; Lukic, Srdjan

North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States)

Publication Date:: 2020-02-21

Research Org.:: Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

OSTI Identifier:: 1616379

Report Number(s):: DOE-VANDERBILT-0000666-31
Journal ID: ISSN 1949-3053

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0000666

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1949-3053

Publisher:: IEEE

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION; 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; 42 ENGINEERING; Distributed control; dynamic consensus; time-varying delay; ratio consensus; secondary control; heuristic algorithms; delays; observers; voltage control; communication networks; synchronization; convergence

Citation Formats


                    Du, Yuhua, Tu, Hao, Yu, Hui, and Lukic, Srdjan. Accurate Consensus-based Distributed Averaging with Variable Time Delay in Support of Distributed Secondary Control Algorithms.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1109/TSG.2020.2975752.

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                    Du, Yuhua, Tu, Hao, Yu, Hui, & Lukic, Srdjan. Accurate Consensus-based Distributed Averaging with Variable Time Delay in Support of Distributed Secondary Control Algorithms.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2020.2975752

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                    Du, Yuhua, Tu, Hao, Yu, Hui, and Lukic, Srdjan. Fri .  
"Accurate Consensus-based Distributed Averaging with Variable Time Delay in Support of Distributed Secondary Control Algorithms".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2020.2975752.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1616379.

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@article{osti_1616379,

  title        = {Accurate Consensus-based Distributed Averaging with Variable Time Delay in Support of Distributed Secondary Control Algorithms},

  author       = {Du, Yuhua and Tu, Hao and Yu, Hui and Lukic, Srdjan},

  abstractNote = {We report that distributed secondary control has been widely used in hierarchical control structures, where multiple distributed generators (DGs) need to coordinate to regulate system voltage and frequency. In these systems, consensus algorithms determine the average of a group of dynamic states (e.g. voltages measured by a group of DGs). To be useful, consensus algorithms must be computationally efficient, stable and accurate. In practice, numerous practical implementation challenges significantly affect the consensus equilibrium. In this paper, we quantify the accuracy deviations of the distributed average observer algorithms proposed in the literature to demonstrate the problems with the state-of-the-art distributed averaging techniques. A novel approach is proposed that achieves accurate average tracking in the presence of time-varying communication delays among agents. In our implementation, time synchronization of all distributed controllers is enabled by a novel software platform, called Resilient Information Architecture Platform for the Smart Grid (RIAPS). The proposed distributed average observer is implemented on hardware controllers and its effectiveness is validated in a controller hardware-in-the-loop testbed.},

  doi          = {10.1109/TSG.2020.2975752},

  journal      = {IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 11,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2020},

  month        = {2}

}

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