Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine

Qin, Chao (Chris); Loth, Eric; Zalkind, Daniel S.; Pao, Lucy Y.; Yao, Shulong; Griffith, D. Todd; Selig, Michael S.; Damiani, Rick

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.039

Title: Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine

Abstract

The size of offshore wind turbines over the next decade is expected to continually increase due to reduced balance of station costs per MW and also the higher wind energy at increased altitudes that can lead to higher capacity factors. However, there are challenges that may limit the degree of upscaling which is possible. In this paper, a two-bladed downwind turbine system is upscaled from 13.2 MW to 25 MW, by redesigning aerodynamics, structures, and controls. In particular, three 25 MW rotors have been developed: V1 is the upscaled model, V2 is a partial redesigned model, and V3 is a fully redesigned model. Despite their radically large sizes, it is found that these 25 MW turbine rotors satisfy this limited set of design drivers at the rated condition and that larger blade lengths are possible with cone-wise load-alignment. In addition, flapwise morphing (varying the cone angle with a wind-speed schedule) is investigated in terms of minimizing mean and fluctuating root bending loads using steady inflow proxies for the maximum and damage equivalent load moments. The resulting series of 25 MW rotors, which are the largest ever designed, can be a useful baseline for additional development and assessment.

Authors:

Qin, Chao ^[1]; Loth, Eric ^[2]; Zalkind, Daniel S. ^[3]; Pao, Lucy Y. ^[3]; Yao, Shulong ^[4]; Griffith, D. Todd ^[4]; Selig, Michael S. ^[5]; Damiani, Rick ^[6]

(Chris) [Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
Univ. of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX (United States)
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
RRD Engineering (United States)

Publication Date:: Sun Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

OSTI Identifier:: 1799055

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1616335

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0000667

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Renewable Energy

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 156; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0960-1481

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 17 WIND ENERGY; Science & Technology; Energy & Fuels; Offshore wind energy; 25 MW design; Downwind turbine model; Upscaling

Citation Formats


                    Qin, Chao, Loth, Eric, Zalkind, Daniel S., Pao, Lucy Y., Yao, Shulong, Griffith, D. Todd, Selig, Michael S., and Damiani, Rick. Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.039.

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                    Qin, Chao, Loth, Eric, Zalkind, Daniel S., Pao, Lucy Y., Yao, Shulong, Griffith, D. Todd, Selig, Michael S., & Damiani, Rick. Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.039

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                    Qin, Chao, Loth, Eric, Zalkind, Daniel S., Pao, Lucy Y., Yao, Shulong, Griffith, D. Todd, Selig, Michael S., and Damiani, Rick. Sun .  
"Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.039.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1799055.

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@article{osti_1799055,

  title        = {Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine},

  author       = {Qin, Chao and Loth, Eric and Zalkind, Daniel S. and Pao, Lucy Y. and Yao, Shulong and Griffith, D. Todd and Selig, Michael S. and Damiani, Rick},

  abstractNote = {The size of offshore wind turbines over the next decade is expected to continually increase due to reduced balance of station costs per MW and also the higher wind energy at increased altitudes that can lead to higher capacity factors. However, there are challenges that may limit the degree of upscaling which is possible. In this paper, a two-bladed downwind turbine system is upscaled from 13.2 MW to 25 MW, by redesigning aerodynamics, structures, and controls. In particular, three 25 MW rotors have been developed: V1 is the upscaled model, V2 is a partial redesigned model, and V3 is a fully redesigned model. Despite their radically large sizes, it is found that these 25 MW turbine rotors satisfy this limited set of design drivers at the rated condition and that larger blade lengths are possible with cone-wise load-alignment. In addition, flapwise morphing (varying the cone angle with a wind-speed schedule) is investigated in terms of minimizing mean and fluctuating root bending loads using steady inflow proxies for the maximum and damage equivalent load moments. The resulting series of 25 MW rotors, which are the largest ever designed, can be a useful baseline for additional development and assessment.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.039},

  journal      = {Renewable Energy},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 156,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sun Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Sun Apr 12 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.039

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Works referenced in this record:

Multidisciplinary design optimization of large wind turbines—Technical, economic, and design challenges
journal, September 2016

Ashuri, Turaj; Zaaijer, Michiel B.; Martins, Joaquim R. R. A.
Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 123
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.06.004

A morphing downwind-aligned rotor concept based on a 13-MW wind turbine: A morphing downwind-aligned wind turbine rotor concept
journal, May 2015

Ichter, Brian; Steele, Adam; Loth, Eric
Wind Energy, Vol. 19, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1002/we.1855

A review on the development of wind turbine generators across the world
journal, June 2013

Goudarzi, N.; Zhu, W. D.
International Journal of Dynamics and Control, Vol. 1, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1007/s40435-013-0016-y

Automatic controller tuning using a zeroth-order optimization algorithm
journal, January 2020

Zalkind, Daniel S.; Dall'Anese, Emiliano; Pao, Lucy Y.
Wind Energy Science, Vol. 5, Issue 4
DOI: 10.5194/wes-5-1579-2020

System-level design studies for large rotors
journal, January 2019

Zalkind, Daniel S.; Ananda, Gavin K.; Chetan, Mayank
Wind Energy Science, Vol. 4, Issue 4
DOI: 10.5194/wes-4-595-2019

Downwind offshore wind turbines: Opportunities, trends and technical challenges
journal, February 2016

Koh, J. H.; Ng, E. Y. K.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 54
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.096

Aeroservoelastic design definition of a 20 MW common research wind turbine model: A 20 MW common research wind turbine model
journal, March 2016

Ashuri, T.; Martins, J. R. R. A.; Zaaijer, M. B.
Wind Energy, Vol. 19, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1002/we.1970

Critical review of offshore wind turbine energy production and site potential assessment
journal, February 2019

Arrambide, Iñaki; Zubia, Itziar; Madariaga, Ander
Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 167
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2018.10.016

Pre-aligned downwind rotor for a 13.2 MW wind turbine
journal, February 2018

Noyes, Carlos; Qin, Chao; Loth, Eric
Renewable Energy, Vol. 116
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.10.019

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Similar Records

Title: Downwind coning concept rotor for a 25 MW offshore wind turbine

Abstract

Citation Formats

Multidisciplinary design optimization of large wind turbines—Technical, economic, and design challenges journal, September 2016

A morphing downwind-aligned rotor concept based on a 13-MW wind turbine: A morphing downwind-aligned wind turbine rotor concept journal, May 2015

A review on the development of wind turbine generators across the world journal, June 2013

Automatic controller tuning using a zeroth-order optimization algorithm journal, January 2020

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Downwind offshore wind turbines: Opportunities, trends and technical challenges journal, February 2016

Aeroservoelastic design definition of a 20 MW common research wind turbine model: A 20 MW common research wind turbine model journal, March 2016

Critical review of offshore wind turbine energy production and site potential assessment journal, February 2019

Pre-aligned downwind rotor for a 13.2 MW wind turbine journal, February 2018

Multidisciplinary design optimization of large wind turbines—Technical, economic, and design challenges
journal, September 2016

A morphing downwind-aligned rotor concept based on a 13-MW wind turbine: A morphing downwind-aligned wind turbine rotor concept
journal, May 2015

A review on the development of wind turbine generators across the world
journal, June 2013

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journal, January 2020

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journal, January 2019

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journal, February 2016

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journal, February 2019

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journal, February 2018