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Title: A key interaction with RPA orients XPA in NER complexes

Journal Article · · Nucleic Acids Research
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6]
  1. Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Center for Structural Biology, and Dept. of Biochemistry
  2. Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Center for Structural Biology, Dept. of Chemistry
  3. Inst. for Basic Science, Ulsan (Korea). Center for Genomic Integrity
  4. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  5. Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Dept. of Biochemistry; Inst. for Basic Science, Ulsan (Korea). Center for Genomic Integrity; Ulsan National Inst. of Science and Technology, Ulsan (Korea). School of Life Sciences
  6. Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Center for Structural Biology, Dept. of Biochemistry, and Dept. of Chemistry

The XPA protein functions together with the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein RPA as the central scaffold to ensure proper positioning of repair factors in multi-protein nucleotide excision repair (NER) machinery. We previously determined the structure of a short motif in the disordered XPA N-terminus bound to the RPA32C domain. However, a second contact between the XPA DNA-binding domain (XPA DBD) and the RPA70AB tandem ssDNA-binding domains, which is likely to influence the orientation of XPA and RPA on the damaged DNA substrate, remains poorly characterized. NMR was used to map the binding interfaces of XPA DBD and RPA70AB. Combining NMR and X-ray scattering data with comprehensive docking and refinement revealed how XPA DBD and RPA70AB orient on model NER DNA substrates. The structural model enabled design of XPA mutations that inhibit the interaction with RPA70AB. These mutations decreased activity in cell-based NER assays, demonstrating the functional importance of XPA DBD–RPA70AB interaction. Our results inform ongoing controversy about where XPA is bound within the NER bubble, provide structural insights into the molecular basis for malfunction of disease-associated XPA missense mutations, and contribute to understanding of the structure and mechanical action of the NER machinery.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1615298
Journal Information:
Nucleic Acids Research, Journal Name: Nucleic Acids Research Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 48; ISSN 0305-1048
Publisher:
Oxford University PressCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Structural insights into the recognition of cisplatin and AAF-dG lesion by Rad14 (XPA) journal June 2015
Specific association between the human DNA repair proteins XPA and ERCC1. journal May 1994
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DNA Damage Recognition by XPA Protein Promotes Efficient Recruitment of Transcription Factor II H journal September 1997
Nucleotide Excision Repair by Mutant Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A (XPA) Proteins with Deficiency in Interaction with RPA journal December 2010
Analysis of DNA binding by human factor xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) provides insight into its interactions with nucleotide excision repair substrates journal August 2017
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Independent and Coordinated Functions of Replication Protein A Tandem High Affinity Single-stranded DNA Binding Domains journal July 2003
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