A scalable 3D lithium metal anode

Journal Article · 25 September 2018 · Energy Storage Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2018.09.021 · OSTI ID:1614048

Liu, Haodong ^[1]; Yue, Xiujun ^[2]; Xing, Xing ^[2]; Yan, Qizhang ^[2]; Huang, Jason ^[2]; Petrova, Victoria ^[2]; Zhou, Hongyao ^[2]; Liu, Ping ^[2]

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1. University of California, San Diego, CA (United States); DOE/OSTI
2. University of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

A scalable 3D electrode to serve as a lithium metal host is developed to enable stable lithium metal cycling. The electrode is simply fabricated by coating a slurry of well mixed LiNO₃, carbon black, and PVDF on the Cu foil. The pores in the electrode serve as lithium metal hosts while the LiNO₃ particles act both as a structural skeleton and an electrolyte additive. Micron-level dense Li chunks are deposited into the 3D electrode at a current density of 2 mA cm^-2. Moreover, high coulombic efficiencies of 98.4% and 97.1% are achieved in carbonate-based electrolytes at current densities of 0.25 mA cm^-2 and 2 mA cm^-2, respectively. The 3D electrode is tested in an anode free cell with LiFePO₄, which exhibits a good capacity retention of 49.1% after 100 cycles and correspond to an average efficiency of 99.3% per cycle. This work provides a facile and scalable method to fabricate multi-functional 3D electrodes for dendrite-free and high coulombic efficiency Li metal anodes.

• Research Organization: University of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)
• Grant/Contract Number: EE0007764
• OSTI ID: 1614048
• Journal Information: Energy Storage Materials, Journal Name: Energy Storage Materials Journal Issue: C Vol. 16; ISSN 2405-8297
• Publisher: ElsevierCopyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English