Closed Loop Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries to Enable Ultra-high Quality Cathode Powder
Abstract
The lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling market is becoming increasingly important because of the widespread use of LIBs in every aspect of our lives. Mobile devices and electric cars represent the largest application areas for LIBs. Vigorous innovation in these sectors is spurring continuous deployment of LIB powered devices, and consequently more and more LIBs will become waste as they approach end of life. Considering the significant economic and environmental impacts, recycling is not only necessary, but also urgent. The WPI group has successfully developed a closed-loop recycling process, and has previously demonstrated it on a relatively small scale 1 kg spent batteries per experiment. Here, we show that the closed-loop recycling process can be successfully scaled up to 30 kg of spent LIBs from electric vehicle recycling streams, and the recovered cathode powder shows similar (or better) performance to equivalent commercial powder when evaluated in both coin cells and single layer pouch cells. All of these results demonstrate the closed-loop recycling process has great adaptability and can be further developed into industrial scale.
- Authors:
-
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA (United States)
- A123 Systems, Waltham, MA (United States)
- Battery Resourcers, Worcester, MA (United States)
- Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, MI (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- United States Advanced Batter Consortium, LLC, Southfield, MI (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1613992
- Grant/Contract Number:
- EE0006250
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Scientific Reports
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; batteries
Citation Formats
Chen, Mengyuan, Zheng, Zhangfeng, Wang, Qiang, Zhang, Yubin, Ma, Xiaotu, Shen, Chao, Xu, Dapeng, Liu, Jin, Liu, Yangtao, Gionet, Paul, O’Connor, Ian, Pinnell, Leslie, Wang, Jun, Gratz, Eric, Arsenault, Renata, and Wang, Yan. Closed Loop Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries to Enable Ultra-high Quality Cathode Powder. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-38238-3.
Chen, Mengyuan, Zheng, Zhangfeng, Wang, Qiang, Zhang, Yubin, Ma, Xiaotu, Shen, Chao, Xu, Dapeng, Liu, Jin, Liu, Yangtao, Gionet, Paul, O’Connor, Ian, Pinnell, Leslie, Wang, Jun, Gratz, Eric, Arsenault, Renata, & Wang, Yan. Closed Loop Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries to Enable Ultra-high Quality Cathode Powder. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-38238-3
Chen, Mengyuan, Zheng, Zhangfeng, Wang, Qiang, Zhang, Yubin, Ma, Xiaotu, Shen, Chao, Xu, Dapeng, Liu, Jin, Liu, Yangtao, Gionet, Paul, O’Connor, Ian, Pinnell, Leslie, Wang, Jun, Gratz, Eric, Arsenault, Renata, and Wang, Yan. Thu .
"Closed Loop Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries to Enable Ultra-high Quality Cathode Powder". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-38238-3. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1613992.
@article{osti_1613992,
title = {Closed Loop Recycling of Electric Vehicle Batteries to Enable Ultra-high Quality Cathode Powder},
author = {Chen, Mengyuan and Zheng, Zhangfeng and Wang, Qiang and Zhang, Yubin and Ma, Xiaotu and Shen, Chao and Xu, Dapeng and Liu, Jin and Liu, Yangtao and Gionet, Paul and O’Connor, Ian and Pinnell, Leslie and Wang, Jun and Gratz, Eric and Arsenault, Renata and Wang, Yan},
abstractNote = {The lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling market is becoming increasingly important because of the widespread use of LIBs in every aspect of our lives. Mobile devices and electric cars represent the largest application areas for LIBs. Vigorous innovation in these sectors is spurring continuous deployment of LIB powered devices, and consequently more and more LIBs will become waste as they approach end of life. Considering the significant economic and environmental impacts, recycling is not only necessary, but also urgent. The WPI group has successfully developed a closed-loop recycling process, and has previously demonstrated it on a relatively small scale 1 kg spent batteries per experiment. Here, we show that the closed-loop recycling process can be successfully scaled up to 30 kg of spent LIBs from electric vehicle recycling streams, and the recovered cathode powder shows similar (or better) performance to equivalent commercial powder when evaluated in both coin cells and single layer pouch cells. All of these results demonstrate the closed-loop recycling process has great adaptability and can be further developed into industrial scale.},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-38238-3},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Thu Feb 07 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}
Web of Science
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Environmentally-friendly oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation technology for in situ recycling cobalt, lithium carbonate and graphite from spent LiCoO 2 /graphite lithium batteries
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Recycling of mixed cathode lithium‐ion batteries for electric vehicles: Current status and future outlook
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