Experimental investigation of the compression and heating of an MHD-driven jet impacting a target cloud

Seo, Byonghoon; Bellan, Paul M.

doi:10.1063/1.5045678

Title: Experimental investigation of the compression and heating of an MHD-driven jet impacting a target cloud

Journal Article · 06 November 2018 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5045678 · OSTI ID:1613648

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California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); DOE/OSTI
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Herein adiabatic compression has been investigated by having an MHD-driven plasma jet impact a gas target cloud. Compression and heating of the jet upon impact were observed and compared to theoretical predictions. Diagnostics for comprehensive measurements included a Thomson scattering system, a fast movie camera, a translatable fiber-coupled interferometer, a monochromator, a visible-light photodiode, and a magnetic probe array. Measurements using these diagnostics provided the time-dependent electron density, electron temperature, continuum emission, line emission, and magnetic field profile. Increases in density and magnetic field and a decrease in jet velocity were observed during the compression. The electron temperature had a complicated time dependence, increasing at first, but then rapidly declining in less than 1 μs which is less than the total compression time. Analysis indicates that this sudden temperature drop is a consequence of radiative loss from hydrogen atoms spontaneously generated via three-body recombination in the high-density compressed plasma. A criterion for how fast compression must be to outrun radiative loss is discussed not only for the Caltech experiment but also for fusion-grade regimes. In addition, the results are analyzed in the context of shocks the effects of which are compared to adiabatic compression.

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Research Organization:: California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

Grant/Contract Number:: AR0000565

OSTI ID:: 1613648

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 25; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited By (3)

Retrospective of the ARPA-E ALPHA Fusion Program Nehl, C. L.; Umstattd, R. J.; Regan, W. R. Journal of Fusion Energy, Vol. 38, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-019-00226-4	journal	October 2019
Analytic Model for the Time-dependent Electromagnetic Field of an Astrophysical Jet Bellan, P. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 888, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab5f0d	journal	January 2020
Retrospective of the ARPA-E ALPHA fusion program Nehl, C. L.; Umstattd, R. J.; Regan, W. R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.09921	text	January 2019

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