DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: A review on the status and challenges of electrocatalysts in lithium-sulfur batteries

Journal Article · · Energy Storage Materials
 [1];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, which have a high theoretical specific capacity (1,675 mA h g-1 of S) and a high energy density (2,600 Wh kg-1 of S), have received a great deal of attention in recent years. Intense research efforts have been made to solve the outstanding issues in Li-S batteries. Various catalysts with high activity for stabilizing the lithium-polysulfide shuttle process and thus improving the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries are reviewed here. Challenges and prospects for designing highly efficient catalysts for Li-S batteries are discussed.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0005397
OSTI ID:
1610836
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1529667
Journal Information:
Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 20; ISSN 2405-8297
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (119)

Challenges and Prospects of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal June 2012
Interwoven WSe 2 /CNTs hybrid network: A highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution journal November 2016
Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal July 2014
One-step nonlinear electrochemical synthesis of TexSy@PANI nanorod materials for Li-TexSy battery journal January 2019
Highly-flexible 3D Li2S/graphene cathode for high-performance lithium sulfur batteries journal September 2016
Self-assembled cauliflower-like FeS2 anchored into graphene foam as free-standing anode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries journal April 2017
Cobalt-embedded nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanorods for synergistically immobilizing the discharge products in lithium–sulfur battery journal October 2016
Polyphenylene Tetrasulfide as an Inherently Flexible Cathode Material for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries journal October 2018
Li 2 S-Carbon Sandwiched Electrodes with Superior Performance for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal August 2013
Tellurium-Impregnated Porous Cobalt-Doped Carbon Polyhedra as Superior Cathodes for Lithium–Tellurium Batteries journal July 2017
High performance bimetal sulfides for lithium-sulfur batteries journal February 2019
Multi-functional separator/interlayer system for high-stable lithium-sulfur batteries: Progress and prospects journal November 2015
Metal-organic frameworks composites threaded on the CNT knitted separator for suppressing the shuttle effect of lithium sulfur batteries journal September 2018
Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Reduced Graphene Oxide/Tellurium Nanowires: A High-Performance Freestanding Cathode for Li–Te Batteries journal August 2016
Electrocatalysis of polysulfide conversion by sulfur-deficient MoS 2 nanoflakes for lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2017
A Perspective on Energy Densities of Rechargeable Li-S Batteries and Alternative Sulfur-Based Cathode Materials journal March 2018
Enhanced Performance of Lithium Sulfur Battery with a Reduced Graphene Oxide Coating Separator journal January 2015
Self-assembled CoS2 nanoparticles wrapped by CoS2-quantum-dots-anchored graphene nanosheets as superior-capability anode for lithium-ion batteries journal November 2015
Designing Safe Electrolyte Systems for a High-Stability Lithium-Sulfur Battery journal January 2018
N-doped Fe3C@C as an efficient polyselenide reservoir for high-performance sodium-selenium batteries journal January 2019
Hybrid Lithium-Sulfur Batteries with an Advanced Gel Cathode and Stabilized Lithium-Metal Anode journal May 2018
Yolk-Shelled C@Fe 3 O 4 Nanoboxes as Efficient Sulfur Hosts for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal July 2017
Highly Solvating Electrolytes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal December 2018
Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Graphene-CNT@Se: A Highly Efficient Freestanding Cathode for Li–Se Batteries journal April 2016
A New Hydrophilic Binder Enabling Strongly Anchoring Polysulfides for High-Performance Sulfur Electrodes in Lithium-Sulfur Battery journal January 2018
Refined Sulfur Nanoparticles Immobilized in Metal–Organic Polyhedron as Stable Cathodes for Li–S Battery journal June 2016
Three-Dimensional CNT/Graphene–Li 2 S Aerogel as Freestanding Cathode for High-Performance Li–S Batteries journal September 2016
A Lithium-Sulfur Cell Based on Reversible Lithium Deposition from a Li 2 S Cathode Host onto a Hostless-Anode Substrate journal July 2018
A Nonflammable and Thermotolerant Separator Suppresses Polysulfide Dissolution for Safe and Long-Cycle Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal September 2018
In Situ -Formed Li 2 S in Lithiated Graphite Electrodes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal November 2013
Sulfur Nanocrystals Confined in Carbon Nanotube Network As a Binder-Free Electrode for High-Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries journal June 2014
Three-dimensional CNT/graphene–sulfur hybrid sponges with high sulfur loading as superior-capacity cathodes for lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2015
Enhanced Cyclability of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by a Polymer Acid-Doped Polypyrrole Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductor journal August 2012
Nanostructured Metal Oxides and Sulfides for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal February 2017
Conductive Lewis Base Matrix to Recover the Missing Link of Li 2 S 8 during the Sulfur Redox Cycle in Li–S Battery journal March 2015
Long-life Li/polysulphide batteries with high sulphur loading enabled by lightweight three-dimensional nitrogen/sulphur-codoped graphene sponge journal July 2015
Strongly Coupled Interfaces between a Heterogeneous Carbon Host and a Sulfur-Containing Guest for Highly Stable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Mechanistic Insight into Capacity Degradation journal July 2014
Sulphur–TiO2 yolk–shell nanoarchitecture with internal void space for long-cycle lithium–sulphur batteries journal January 2013
Self-Templated Formation of Interlaced Carbon Nanotubes Threaded Hollow Co 3 S 4 Nanoboxes for High-Rate and Heat-Resistant Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal September 2017
Low Cost Metal Carbide Nanocrystals as Binding and Electrocatalytic Sites for High Performance Li–S Batteries journal January 2018
Conductive porous vanadium nitride/graphene composite as chemical anchor of polysulfides for lithium-sulfur batteries journal March 2017
Lewis Acid–Base Interactions between Polysulfides and Metal Organic Framework in Lithium Sulfur Batteries journal April 2014
Direct impregnation of SeS 2 into a MOF-derived 3D nanoporous Co–N–C architecture towards superior rechargeable lithium batteries journal January 2018
Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Progress and Prospects journal February 2015
Catalytic Effects in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Promoted Sulfur Transformation and Reduced Shuttle Effect journal September 2017
Enhanced Electrochemical Kinetics on Conductive Polar Mediators for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal October 2016
A highly ordered nanostructured carbon–sulphur cathode for lithium–sulphur batteries journal May 2009
Nanoarchitectured Graphene/CNT@Porous Carbon with Extraordinary Electrical Conductivity and Interconnected Micro/Mesopores for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal January 2014
Sulfur‐Immobilized, Activated Porous Carbon Nanotube Composite Based Cathodes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal January 2017
Mesoporous Carbon–Carbon Nanotube–Sulfur Composite Microspheres for High-Areal-Capacity Lithium–Sulfur Battery Cathodes journal October 2013
Optimization of mesoporous carbon structures for lithium–sulfur battery applications journal January 2011
Functional Mesoporous Carbon-Coated Separator for Long-Life, High-Energy Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal July 2015
Wrinkled sulfur@graphene microspheres with high sulfur loading as superior-capacity cathode for LiS batteries journal October 2016
Graphene/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrids: One-Step Catalytic Growth and Applications for High-Rate Li–S Batteries journal November 2012
High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries with a Self-Supported, 3D Li 2 S-Doped Graphene Aerogel Cathodes journal November 2015
A Soft Approach to Encapsulate Sulfur: Polyaniline Nanotubes for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries with Long Cycle Life journal January 2012
Yolk–Shell Structure of Polyaniline-Coated Sulfur for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal October 2013
Enhancing lithium–sulphur battery performance by strongly binding the discharge products on amino-functionalized reduced graphene oxide journal September 2014
Design Principles for Heteroatom-Doped Nanocarbon to Achieve Strong Anchoring of Polysulfides for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal May 2016
Sulfur and Nitrogen Dual-Doped Mesoporous Graphene Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction with Synergistically Enhanced Performance journal October 2012
A Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual-Doped Carbon Derived from Polyrhodanine@Cellulose for Advanced Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal August 2015
Exceptional catalytic effects of black phosphorus quantum dots in shuttling-free lithium sulfur batteries journal October 2018
Entrapment of Polysulfides by a Black-Phosphorus-Modified Separator for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal September 2016
Phosphorene as a Polysulfide Immobilizer and Catalyst in High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal October 2016
Oxygen-doped boron nitride nanosheets with excellent performance in hydrogen storage journal May 2014
Functionalized Boron Nitride Nanosheets/Graphene Interlayer for Fast and Long-Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal January 2017
Enhanced Adsorptions to Polysulfides on Graphene-Supported BN Nanosheets with Excellent Li–S Battery Performance in a Wide Temperature Range journal October 2018
Kinetically Enhanced Electrochemical Redox of Polysulfides on Polymeric Carbon Nitrides for Improved Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal September 2016
Microemulsion Assisted Assembly of 3D Porous S/Graphene@g-C 3 N 4 Hybrid Sponge as Free-Standing Cathodes for High Energy Density Li-S Batteries journal February 2018
Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanomaterials for Electrocatalysis journal May 2016
Electrocatalysis of Lithium Polysulfides: Current Collectors as Electrodes in Li/S Battery Configuration journal March 2015
Electrocatalytic Polysulfide Traps for Controlling Redox Shuttle Process of Li–S Batteries journal September 2015
A novel synergistic composite with multi-functional effects for high-performance Li–S batteries journal January 2016
From Metal–Organic Framework to Li 2 S@C–Co–N Nanoporous Architecture: A High-Capacity Cathode for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal November 2016
Surface-enhanced redox chemistry of polysulphides on a metallic and polar host for lithium-sulphur batteries journal August 2014
A highly efficient polysulfide mediator for lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2015
Propelling polysulfides transformation for high-rate and long-life lithium–sulfur batteries journal March 2017
Vanadium Dioxide-Graphene Composite with Ultrafast Anchoring Behavior of Polysulfides for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal April 2018
Electrocatalysis on Separator Modified by Molybdenum Trioxide Nanobelts for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal June 2018
Elucidating the Catalytic Activity of Oxygen Deficiency in the Polysulfide Conversion Reactions of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal September 2018
Cerium Oxide Nanocrystal Embedded Bimodal Micromesoporous Nitrogen-Rich Carbon Nanospheres as Effective Sulfur Host for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal July 2017
V 2 O 5 Polysulfide Anion Barrier for Long-Lived Li–S Batteries journal May 2014
Rational Design of Si/SiO 2 @Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres as Efficient Polysulfide Reservoirs for High-Performance Li-S Battery journal February 2016
SnO 2 /Reduced Graphene Oxide Interlayer Mitigating the Shuttle Effect of Li–S Batteries journal May 2018
High-Energy, High-Rate, Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Synergetic Effect of Hollow TiO 2 -Webbed Carbon Nanotubes and a Dual Functional Carbon-Paper Interlayer journal October 2015
Enabling Prominent High-Rate and Cycle Performances in One Lithium-Sulfur Battery: Designing Permselective Gateways for Li + Transportation in Holey-CNT/S Cathodes journal May 2015
High performance of electrochemical lithium storage batteries: ZnO-based nanomaterials for lithium-ion and lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2016
A Flexible 3D Multifunctional MgO-Decorated Carbon Foam@CNTs Hybrid as Self-Supported Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal August 2017
Ultrafine Nd 2 O 3 nanoparticles doped carbon aerogel to immobilize sulfur for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries journal August 2017
Al2O3-coated porous separator for enhanced electrochemical performance of lithium sulfur batteries journal May 2014
CoO/Co‐Activated Porous Carbon Cloth Cathode for High Performance Li–S Batteries journal July 2018
Perovskite La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ as a new polysulfide immobilizer for high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries journal October 2017
Emerging Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Electrocatalysis journal March 2018
Powering Lithium–Sulfur Battery Performance by Propelling Polysulfide Redox at Sulfiphilic Hosts journal December 2015
Metal Sulfide‐Decorated Carbon Sponge as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst and Absorbant for Polysulfide in High‐Loading Li 2 S Batteries journal April 2019
Multifunctional Co 3 S 4 @sulfur nanotubes for enhanced lithium-sulfur battery performance journal July 2017
Metallic and polar Co 9 S 8 inlaid carbon hollow nanopolyhedra as efficient polysulfide mediator for lithium−sulfur batteries journal August 2017
MOF-derived Cobalt Sulfide Grown on 3D Graphene Foam as an Efficient Sulfur Host for Long-Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal June 2018
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Atomic Layers for Lithium Polysulfides Electrocatalysis journal December 2016
A 3D Hybrid of Chemically Coupled Nickel Sulfide and Hollow Carbon Spheres for High Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal July 2017
Sulfur–carbon yolk–shell particle based 3D interconnected nanostructures as cathodes for rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2015
Cobalt-Doped SnS 2 with Dual Active Centers of Synergistic Absorption-Catalysis Effect for High-S Loading Li-S Batteries journal January 2019
Self-Supported FeCo 2 S 4 Nanotube Arrays as Binder-Free Cathodes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal November 2018
Vertical Co 9 S 8 hollow nanowall arrays grown on a Celgard separator as a multifunctional polysulfide barrier for high-performance Li–S batteries journal January 2018
Freestanding 1T MoS 2 /graphene heterostructures as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for lithium polysulfides in Li–S batteries journal January 2019
Catalytic oxidation of Li 2 S on the surface of metal sulfides for Li−S batteries journal January 2017
Metal carbides and nitrides as potential catalysts for hydroprocessing journal February 2003
Confining Sulfur in Integrated Composite Scaffold with Highly Porous Carbon Fibers/Vanadium Nitride Arrays for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal January 2018
Co 4 N Nanosheet Assembled Mesoporous Sphere as a Matrix for Ultrahigh Sulfur Content Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal May 2017
Mesoporous, conductive molybdenum nitride as efficient sulfur hosts for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries journal August 2018
Multifunctional Interlayer Based on Molybdenum Diphosphide Catalyst and Carbon Nanotube Film for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal December 2017
Regulating the polysulfide redox conversion by iron phosphide nanocrystals for high-rate and ultrastable lithium-sulfur battery journal September 2018
Surface Chemistry in Cobalt Phosphide-Stabilized Lithium–Sulfur Batteries journal January 2018
Recent developments in transition metal carbides and nitrides as hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts journal January 2013
Lightweight Metallic MgB2 Mediates Polysulfide Redox and Promises High-Energy-Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal January 2019
Twinborn TiO 2 –TiN heterostructures enabling smooth trapping–diffusion–conversion of polysulfides towards ultralong life lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2017
Synchronous immobilization and conversion of polysulfides on a VO 2 –VN binary host targeting high sulfur load Li–S batteries journal January 2018
2D MoN‐VN Heterostructure To Regulate Polysulfides for Highly Efficient Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries journal December 2018
Rational design of Co9S8/CoO heterostructures with well-defined interfaces for lithium sulfur batteries: A study of synergistic adsorption-electrocatalysis function journal June 2019

Cited By (12)

Long‐Life, High‐Rate Lithium–Sulfur Cells with a Carbon‐Free VN Host as an Efficient Polysulfide Adsorbent and Lithium Dendrite Inhibitor journal December 2019
Two‐Dimensional MoS 2 for Li−S Batteries: Structural Design and Electronic Modulation journal March 2020
Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species by atomic‐scale electrocatalysts in lithium–sulfur batteries journal October 2019
Heterocarbides Reinforced Electrochemical Energy Storage journal September 2019
B,N Codoped Graphitic Nanotubes Loaded with Co Nanoparticles as Superior Sulfur Host for Advanced Li–S Batteries journal January 2020
Rational design of two-dimensional nanomaterials for lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2020
Anchoring MOF-derived CoS 2 on sulfurized polyacrylonitrile nanofibers for high areal capacity lithium–sulfur batteries journal January 2020
In situ engineered ZnS–FeS heterostructures in N-doped carbon nanocages accelerating polysulfide redox kinetics for lithium sulfur batteries journal January 2020
High capacity and long cycle stability lithium-sulfur battery by using hollow Co 3 O 4 nanofibers as host materials journal November 2019
Hollow TiO 2 spheres hosts as efficient polysulfide adsorbents for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries journal December 2019
Pistachio Shell-Derived Carbon Activated with Phosphoric Acid: A More Efficient Procedure to Improve the Performance of Li–S Batteries journal April 2020
Application Progress of Polyaniline, Polypyrrole and Polythiophene in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries journal February 2020