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Title: Role of baryon number conservation in measurements of fluctuations

Abstract

Here, I discuss the role and impact of net-baryon number conservation in measurements of net-proton fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions. I show that the magnitude of the fluctuations is entirely determined by the strength of two particle correlations. At LHC and top RHIC energy, this implies the fluctuations are proportional to the integral of the balance function (BF), Bpp¯ of protons and antiprotons, while in the context of the RHIC beam energy scan (BES), one must also account for correlations of stopped protons. The integral of Bpp¯ measured in a 4π detector depends on the relative cross sections of processes yielding pp¯ and those balancing the proton baryon number via the production of other antibaryons. The accepted integral of Bpp¯ further depends on the shape and width of the BF relative to the width of the acceptance. The magnitude of the measured second-order cumulant of net-proton fluctuations thus has much less to do with QCD susceptibilities than with the creation/transport of baryons and antibaryons in heavy-ion collisions, and most particularly the impact of radial flow on the width of the BF. I thus advocate that net-proton fluctuations should be studied by means of differential BF measurements rather than with integral correlators.more » I also derive an expression of net-baryon fluctuations in terms of integrals of balance functions of identified baryon pairs and argue that measurements of such balance functions would enable a better understanding of the collision system expansion dynamics, the hadronization chemistry, and an experimental assessment of the strength of net-baryon fluctuations.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]
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  1. Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
OSTI Identifier:
1610199
Grant/Contract Number:  
FG02-92ER40713
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review. C
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 100; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; Physics; Particle correlations & fluctuations; Relativistic heavy-ion collisions; Thermal & statistical models

Citation Formats

Pruneau, Claude A. Role of baryon number conservation in measurements of fluctuations. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1103/physrevc.100.034905.
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Pruneau, Claude A. Role of baryon number conservation in measurements of fluctuations. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.100.034905
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Pruneau, Claude A. Thu . "Role of baryon number conservation in measurements of fluctuations". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.100.034905. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1610199.
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@article{osti_1610199,
title = {Role of baryon number conservation in measurements of fluctuations},
author = {Pruneau, Claude A.},
abstractNote = {Here, I discuss the role and impact of net-baryon number conservation in measurements of net-proton fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions. I show that the magnitude of the fluctuations is entirely determined by the strength of two particle correlations. At LHC and top RHIC energy, this implies the fluctuations are proportional to the integral of the balance function (BF), Bpp¯ of protons and antiprotons, while in the context of the RHIC beam energy scan (BES), one must also account for correlations of stopped protons. The integral of Bpp¯ measured in a 4π detector depends on the relative cross sections of processes yielding pp¯ and those balancing the proton baryon number via the production of other antibaryons. The accepted integral of Bpp¯ further depends on the shape and width of the BF relative to the width of the acceptance. The magnitude of the measured second-order cumulant of net-proton fluctuations thus has much less to do with QCD susceptibilities than with the creation/transport of baryons and antibaryons in heavy-ion collisions, and most particularly the impact of radial flow on the width of the BF. I thus advocate that net-proton fluctuations should be studied by means of differential BF measurements rather than with integral correlators. I also derive an expression of net-baryon fluctuations in terms of integrals of balance functions of identified baryon pairs and argue that measurements of such balance functions would enable a better understanding of the collision system expansion dynamics, the hadronization chemistry, and an experimental assessment of the strength of net-baryon fluctuations.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevc.100.034905},
journal = {Physical Review. C},
number = 3,
volume = 100,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Sep 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Thu Sep 12 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.100.034905
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Works referenced in this record:

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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Fluctuations of identified particle yields using the ν dyn variable at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
    journal, January 2020

    Global baryon number conservation encoded in net-proton fluctuations measured in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV
    text, January 2020

    • Acharya, Shreyasi; Adamova, Dagmar; Adler, Alexander
    • GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, GSI, Darmstadt
    • DOI: 10.15120/gsi-2021-00197
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