Quantifying the effect of forest age in annual net forest carbon balance

Besnard, Simon; Carvalhais, Nuno; Arain, M. Altaf; Black, Andrew; de Bruin, Sytze; Buchmann, Nina; Cescatti, Alessandro; Chen, Jiquan; Clevers, Jan G. P. W.; Desai, Ankur R.; Gough, Christopher M.; Havrankova, Katerina; Herold, Martin; Hörtnagl, Lukas; Jung, Martin; Knohl, Alexander; Kruijt, Bart; Krupkova, Lenka; Law, Beverly E.; Lindroth, Anders; Noormets, Asko; Roupsard, Olivier; Steinbrecher, Rainer; Varlagin, Andrej; Vincke, Caroline; Reichstein, Markus

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaeaeb

Title: Quantifying the effect of forest age in annual net forest carbon balance

Journal Article · 07 December 2018 · Environmental Research Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaeaeb · OSTI ID:1609582

^[1]; Carvalhais, Nuno ^[2]; Arain, M. Altaf ^[3]; Black, Andrew ^[4];

^[5]; Buchmann, Nina ^[6]; Cescatti, Alessandro ^[7];

^[8]; Clevers, Jan G. P. W. ^[5]; Desai, Ankur R. ^[9]; Gough, Christopher M. ^[10]; Havrankova, Katerina ^[11]; Herold, Martin ^[5]; Hörtnagl, Lukas ^[6]; Jung, Martin ^[12]; Knohl, Alexander ^[13]; Kruijt, Bart ^[14]; Krupkova, Lenka ^[11]; Law, Beverly E. ^[15]; Lindroth, Anders ^[16] more »

Max Planck Society, Jena (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry; Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands); DOE/OSTI
Max Planck Society, Jena (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry; NOVA Univ. Lisbon (Portugal)
McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON (Canada)
Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands)
Federal Inst. of Technology, Zurich (Switzerland)
European Commission, Ispra (Italy). Joint Research Centre
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA (United States)
Global Change Research Inst. CAS, Brno (Czech Republic)
Max Planck Society, Jena (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry
Gottingen Univ. (Germany)
Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra) (Netherlands)
Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)
Lund Univ. (Sweden)
North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
CIRAD, Dakar (Senegal); Montpellier Univ. (France)
Karlsruhe Inst. of Technology (KIT) (Germany)
Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow (Russian Federation)
UCLouvain (Belgium)

Forests dominate carbon (C) exchanges between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere on land. In the long term, the net carbon flux between forests and the atmosphere has been significantly impacted by changes in forest cover area and structure due to ecological disturbances and management activities. Current empirical approaches for estimating net ecosystem productivity (NEP) rarely consider forest age as a predictor, which represents variation in physiological processes that can respond differently to environmental drivers, and regrowth following disturbance. Here, we conduct an observational synthesis to empirically determine to what extent climate, soil properties, nitrogen deposition, forest age and management influence the spatial and interannual variability of forest NEP across 126 forest eddy-covariance flux sites worldwide. The empirical models explained up to 62% and 71% of spatio-temporal and across-site variability of annual NEP, respectively. An investigation of model structures revealed that forest age was a dominant factor of NEP spatio-temporal variability in both space and time at the global scale as compared to abiotic factors, such as nutrient availability, soil characteristics and climate. These findings emphasize the importance of forest age in quantifying spatio-temporal variation in NEP using empirical approaches.

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Research Organization:: Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-04ER63911; FG02-04ER63917

OSTI ID:: 1609582

Journal Information:: Environmental Research Letters, Journal Name: Environmental Research Letters Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 13; ISSN 1748-9326

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Memory effects of climate and vegetation affecting net ecosystem CO2 fluxes in global forests Simon, Besnard,; Nuno, Carvalhais,; Altaf, Arain, M. ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000325091	text	January 2019
Memory effects of climate and vegetation affecting net ecosystem CO2 fluxes in global forests Besnard, Simon; Carvalhais, Nuno; Arain, M. Altaf Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-171422	text	January 2019
Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling Flechard, Chris R.; Ibrom, Andreas; Skiba, Ute M. Biogeosciences, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020	journal	January 2020
Carbon–nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation – Part 2: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials Flechard, Chris R.; van Oijen, Marcel; Cameron, David R. Biogeosciences, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1621-2020	journal	January 2020
Accounting for forest age in the tile-based dynamic global vegetation model JSBACH4 (4.20p7; git feature/forests) – a land surface model for the ICON-ESM Nabel, Julia E. M. S.; Naudts, Kim; Pongratz, Julia Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-185-2020	journal	January 2020
Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 2: Untangling climatic, edaphic, management and nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration potentials Sutton, M. A.; Flechard, C. R.; Van Oijen, M. Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000118974	text	January 2020

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