Near Neutral pH Redox Flow Battery with Low Permeability and Long-Lifetime Phosphonated Viologen Active Species

Jin, Shijian; Fell, Eric M.; Vina-Lopez, Lucia; Jing, Yan; Michalak, P. Winston; Gordon, Roy G.; Aziz, Michael J.

doi:10.1002/aenm.202000100

Title: Near Neutral pH Redox Flow Battery with Low Permeability and Long-Lifetime Phosphonated Viologen Active Species

Journal Article · 06 April 2020 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000100 · OSTI ID:1608418

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Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)

A highly stable phosphonate-functionalized viologen is introduced in this work as the redox-active material in a negative potential electrolyte for aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) operating at nearly neutral pH. The solubility is 1.23 m and the reduction potential is the lowest of any substituted viologen utilized in a flow battery, reaching –0.462 V versus SHE at pH = 9. The negative charges in both the oxidized and the reduced states of 1,1'-bis(3-phosphonopropyl)-[4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-diium dibromide (BPP–Vi ) effect low permeability in cation exchange membranes and suppress a bimolecular mechanism of viologen decomposition. A flow battery pairing BPP–Vi with a ferrocyanide-based positive potential electrolyte across an inexpensive, non-fluorinated cation exchange membrane at pH = 9 exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 0.9 V and a capacity fade rate of 0.016% per day or 0.00069% per cycle. Overcharging leads to viologen decomposition, causing irreversible capacity fade. Our research introduces extremely stable, extremely low-permeating and low reduction potential redox active materials into near neutral ARFBs.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Contributing Organization:: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; CBET‐1914543; 428977

OSTI ID:: 1608418

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1608377

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 20; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 98 works

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