Simulation of injector dynamics during steady inductive helicity injection current drive in the HIT-SI experiment
Abstract
We present simulations of inductive helicity injection in the Helicity Injected Torus with Steady Inductive helicity injection (HIT-SI) device that treats the entire plasma volume in a single dynamic MHD model. A new fully 3D numerical tool, the PSI-center TETrahedral mesh code, was developed that provides the geometric flexibility required for this investigation. Implementation of a zero-β Hall MHD model using PSI-TET will be presented including formulation of a new self-consistent magnetic boundary condition for the wall of the HIT-SI device. Results from simulations of HIT-SI are presented focusing on injector dynamics that are investigated numerically for the first time. Asymmetries in the plasma loading between the two helicity injectors and progression of field reversal in each injector are observed. Analysis indicates cross-coupling between injectors through confinement volume structures. Injector impedance is found to scale with toroidal current at fixed density, consistent with experimental observation. Comparison to experimental data with an injector drive frequency of 14.5 kHz shows good agreement with magnetic diagnostics. Global mode structures from Bi-Orthogonal decomposition agree well with experimental data for the first four modes.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). PSI-Center; Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). PSI-Center
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). HIT-SI Group
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). HIT-SI Group and PSI-Center
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
- Contributing Org.:
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1608230
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1228295
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physics of Plasmas
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 22; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; 97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
Citation Formats
Hansen, Chris, Marklin, George, Victor, Brian, Akcay, Cihan, and Jarboe, Thomas. Simulation of injector dynamics during steady inductive helicity injection current drive in the HIT-SI experiment. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4917476.
Hansen, Chris, Marklin, George, Victor, Brian, Akcay, Cihan, & Jarboe, Thomas. Simulation of injector dynamics during steady inductive helicity injection current drive in the HIT-SI experiment. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917476
Hansen, Chris, Marklin, George, Victor, Brian, Akcay, Cihan, and Jarboe, Thomas. Fri .
"Simulation of injector dynamics during steady inductive helicity injection current drive in the HIT-SI experiment". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917476. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1608230.
@article{osti_1608230,
title = {Simulation of injector dynamics during steady inductive helicity injection current drive in the HIT-SI experiment},
author = {Hansen, Chris and Marklin, George and Victor, Brian and Akcay, Cihan and Jarboe, Thomas},
abstractNote = {We present simulations of inductive helicity injection in the Helicity Injected Torus with Steady Inductive helicity injection (HIT-SI) device that treats the entire plasma volume in a single dynamic MHD model. A new fully 3D numerical tool, the PSI-center TETrahedral mesh code, was developed that provides the geometric flexibility required for this investigation. Implementation of a zero-β Hall MHD model using PSI-TET will be presented including formulation of a new self-consistent magnetic boundary condition for the wall of the HIT-SI device. Results from simulations of HIT-SI are presented focusing on injector dynamics that are investigated numerically for the first time. Asymmetries in the plasma loading between the two helicity injectors and progression of field reversal in each injector are observed. Analysis indicates cross-coupling between injectors through confinement volume structures. Injector impedance is found to scale with toroidal current at fixed density, consistent with experimental observation. Comparison to experimental data with an injector drive frequency of 14.5 kHz shows good agreement with magnetic diagnostics. Global mode structures from Bi-Orthogonal decomposition agree well with experimental data for the first four modes.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4917476},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 4,
volume = 22,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Fri Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
Web of Science
Works referenced in this record:
Multimode observations and 3D magnetic control of the boundary of a tokamak plasma
journal, June 2013
- Levesque, J. P.; Rath, N.; Shiraki, D.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 7
A lower hybrid current drive system for ITER
journal, May 2009
- Hoang, G. T.; Bécoulet, A.; Jacquinot, J.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 7
Equilibrium evolution in oscillating-field current-drive experiments
journal, August 2010
- McCollam, K. J.; Anderson, J. K.; Blair, A. P.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 8
The three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics of ac helicity injection in the reversed field pinch
journal, April 2003
- Ebrahimi, F.; Prager, S. C.; Sarff, J. S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 10, Issue 4
Measurement of nonlinear mode coupling of tearing fluctuations
journal, July 1992
- Assadi, S.; Prager, S. C.; Sidikman, K. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 69, Issue 2
Improved operation of the SSPX spheromak
journal, November 2005
- Wood, R. D.; Hill, D. N.; Hooper, E. B.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 45, Issue 12
Simulation of current-filament dynamics and relaxation in the Pegasus Spherical Tokamak
journal, August 2012
- O’Bryan, J. B.; Sovinec, C. R.; Bird, T. M.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 8
Steady Inductive Helicity Injection and Its Application to a High-Beta Spheromak
journal, July 1999
- Jarboe, Thomas R.
- Fusion Technology, Vol. 36, Issue 1
Sustained spheromaks with ideal n = 1 kink stability and pressure confinement
journal, August 2014
- Victor, B. S.; Jarboe, T. R.; Hansen, C. J.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 8, Article No. 082504
Hierarchal vector basis functions of arbitrary order for triangular and tetrahedral finite elements
journal, January 1999
- Webb, J. P.
- IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 47, Issue 8
The biorthogonal decomposition as a tool for investigating fluctuations in plasmas
journal, October 1994
- Dudok de Wit, T.; Pecquet, A. ‐L.; Vallet, J. ‐C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 1, Issue 10
High order Nédélec elements with local complete sequence properties
journal, June 2005
- Schöberl, Joachim; Zaglmayr, Sabine
- COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, Vol. 24, Issue 2
Nonlinear tearing mode interactions and mode locking in reversed‐field pinches
journal, December 1996
- Hegna, C. C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 3, Issue 12
LIII. On lines and planes of closest fit to systems of points in space
journal, November 1901
- Pearson, Karl
- The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Vol. 2, Issue 11
Slow Formation and Sustainment of Spheromaks by a Coaxial Magnetized Plasma Source
journal, July 1983
- Jarboe, T. R.; Henins, I.; Sherwood, A. R.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 51, Issue 1
A hierarchy of low-dimensional models for the transient and post-transient cylinder wake
journal, December 2003
- Noack, Bernd R.; Afanasiev, Konstantin; MorzyŃSki, Marek
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 497
Multichannel fluctuation data analysis by the singular value decomposition method. Application to MHD modes in JET
journal, September 1992
- Nardone, C.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 34, Issue 9
Reconnection events in two-dimensional Hall magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
journal, September 2012
- Donato, S.; Servidio, S.; Dmitruk, P.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 9
Imposed-dynamo current drive
journal, July 2012
- Jarboe, T. R.; Victor, B. S.; Nelson, B. A.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 52, Issue 8
MHD equilibria in a spheromak sustained by coaxial helicity injection
journal, July 1999
- Hooper, E. B.; Pearlstein, L. D.; Bulmer, R. H.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 39, Issue 7
Measurement of the Hall Dynamo Effect during Magnetic Reconnection in a High-Temperature Plasma
journal, July 2004
- Ding, W. X.; Brower, D. L.; Craig, D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 4
Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the Helicity Injected Torus with Steady Inductive drive
journal, May 2005
- Izzo, V. A.; Jarboe, T. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 5
Validation of the linear ideal magnetohydrodynamic model of three-dimensional tokamak equilibria
journal, March 2010
- Lanctot, M. J.; Reimerdes, H.; Garofalo, A. M.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 3
Magnetic reconnection process in transient coaxial helicity injection
journal, September 2013
- Ebrahimi, F.; Hooper, E. B.; Sovinec, C. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 9
Stable high beta spheromak equilibria using concave flux conservers
journal, July 2000
- Shumlak, U.; Jarboe, T. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 7
Relaxation-time measurement via a time-dependent helicity balance model
journal, January 2013
- Wrobel, J. S.; Hansen, C. J.; Jarboe, T. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 1
Computational modeling of fully ionized magnetized plasmas using the fluid approximation
journal, May 2006
- Schnack, D. D.; Barnes, D. C.; Brennan, D. P.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 5
A review of algebraic multigrid
journal, March 2001
- Stüben, K.
- Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 128, Issue 1-2
Sweet's mechanism for merging magnetic fields in conducting fluids
journal, December 1957
- Parker, E. N.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 62, Issue 4
A fully relaxed helicity balance model for an inductively driven spheromak
journal, November 2007
- O’Neill, R. G.; Marklin, G. J.; Jarboe, T. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 14, Issue 11
Higher order interpolatory vector bases for computational electromagnetics
journal, March 1997
- Graglia, R. D.; Wilton, D. R.; Peterson, A. F.
- IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 45, Issue 3
Relaxation of Toroidal Plasma and Generation of Reverse Magnetic Fields
journal, November 1974
- Taylor, J. B.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 33, Issue 19
Recent results from the HIT-SI experiment
journal, May 2011
- Jarboe, T. R.; Akcay, C.; Chilenski, M. A.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 6
Review of spheromak research
journal, June 1994
- Jarboe, T. R.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 36, Issue 6
Mixed finite elements in ?3
journal, September 1980
- Nedelec, J. C.
- Numerische Mathematik, Vol. 35, Issue 3
A Fast and High Quality Multilevel Scheme for Partitioning Irregular Graphs
journal, January 1998
- Karypis, George; Kumar, Vipin
- SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Vol. 20, Issue 1
A mixed finite element method with exactly divergence-free velocities for incompressible magnetohydrodynamics
journal, November 2010
- Greif, Chen; Li, Dan; Schötzau, Dominik
- Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 199, Issue 45-48
Observations of the magnetohydrodynamic dynamo effect in a spheromak plasma
journal, March 1993
- al-Karkhy, A.; Browning, P. K.; Cunningham, G.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 70, Issue 12
Tilting instability of a cylindrical spheromak
journal, January 1981
- Bondeson, A.
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 24, Issue 9
Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics simulation using high-order finite elements
journal, March 2004
- Sovinec, C. R.; Glasser, A. H.; Gianakon, T. A.
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 195, Issue 1
Three-dimensional reconnection and relaxation of merging spheromak plasmas
journal, October 2010
- Gray, T.; Lukin, V. S.; Brown, M. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 10
Evidence for Separatrix Formation and Sustainment with Steady Inductive Helicity Injection
journal, October 2011
- Victor, B. S.; Jarboe, T. R.; Hossack, A. C.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 16, Article No. 165005
Verification, Validation, and Confirmation of Numerical Models in the Earth Sciences
journal, February 1994
- Oreskes, N.; Shrader-Frechette, K.; Belitz, K.
- Science, Vol. 263, Issue 5147
MHD stability of Spheromak
journal, April 1979
- Rosenbluth, M. N.; Bussac, M. N.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 19, Issue 4
Validation of single-fluid and two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic models of the helicity injected torus spheromak experiment with the NIMROD code
journal, August 2013
- Akcay, Cihan; Kim, Charlson C.; Victor, Brian S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 8
Mixed finite elements for incompressible magneto-hydrodynamics
journal, July 2003
- Schneebeli, Anna; Schötzau, Dominik
- Comptes Rendus Mathematique, Vol. 337, Issue 1
Comprehensive Approach to Verification and Validation of CFD Simulations—Part 1: Methodology and Procedures
journal, July 2001
- Stern, Fred; Wilson, Robert V.; Coleman, Hugh W.
- Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 123, Issue 4
Verification and validation for magnetic fusion
journal, May 2010
- Greenwald, Martin
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 5
Current drive experiments in the helicity injected torus (HIT-II)
journal, May 2002
- Redd, A. J.; Nelson, B. A.; Jarboe, T. R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 9, Issue 5
NIMROD resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations of spheromak physics
journal, March 2008
- Hooper, E. B.; Cohen, B. I.; McLean, H. S.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 3
Simulation of spheromak evolution and energy confinement
journal, May 2005
- Cohen, B. I.; Hooper, E. B.; Cohen, R. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 5
Multigrid Method for Maxwell's Equations
journal, January 1998
- Hiptmair, R.
- SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Vol. 36, Issue 1
A Flexible Inner-Outer Preconditioned GMRES Algorithm
journal, March 1993
- Saad, Youcef
- SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Vol. 14, Issue 2
Demonstration of 300 kA CHI-startup current, coupling to transformer drive and flux savings on NSTX
journal, May 2011
- Nelson, B. A.; Jarboe, T. R.; Mueller, D.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 51, Issue 6
Measurement of core velocity fluctuations and the dynamo in a reversed-field pinch
journal, May 1999
- Den Hartog, D. J.; Chapman, J. T.; Craig, D.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 5
An Implicit, Nonlinear Reduced Resistive MHD Solver
journal, May 2002
- Chacón, L.; Knoll, D. A.; Finn, J. M.
- Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 178, Issue 1
A Supernodal Approach to Sparse Partial Pivoting
journal, January 1999
- Demmel, James W.; Eisenstat, Stanley C.; Gilbert, John R.
- SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, Vol. 20, Issue 3
A Parallel Geometric Multigrid Method for Finite Elements on Octree Meshes
journal, January 2010
- Sampath, Rahul S.; Biros, George
- SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Vol. 32, Issue 3
The ARIES-AT advanced tokamak, Advanced technology fusion power plant
journal, January 2006
- Najmabadi, Farrokh; Abdou, A.; Bromberg, L.
- Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 80, Issue 1-4
Works referencing / citing this record:
Magnetothermodynamics: An experimental study of the equations of state applicable to a magnetized plasma
journal, May 2019
- Kaur, M.; Brown, M. R.; Light, A. D.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 5
Validation of extended magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the HIT-SI3 experiment using the NIMROD code
journal, December 2017
- Morgan, K. D.; Jarboe, T. R.; Hossack, A. C.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 12
Formation of closed flux surfaces in spheromaks sustained by steady inductive helicity injection
journal, May 2019
- Morgan, Kyle; Jarboe, Thomas; Akcay, Cihan
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 6