Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys

Sabau, Adrian; Milligan, Brian K.; Mirmiran, Seyed; Glaspie, Christopher; Shyam, Amit; Haynes, James A.; Rodriguez, Andres; Gonzales, Alejandro V.; Talamantes, Jose

doi:10.3390/met10040430

Title: Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys

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Abstract

The hot-tearing resistance of Al-Cu-Mn-Zr (ACMZ) alloys was investigated as a step toward introducing these new cast alloys for severe duty, higher-temperature applications, such as cylinder heads for down-sized, turbocharged automotive engines. Alloy Cu compositions were varied from 5 to 8 wt.%. Targeted Ti levels were 0.02, 0.1, and 0.2 wt.% via additions of the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy. Hot-tearing resistance was assessed by visual examination and ranking of the cracking severity in a multi-arm permanent mold casting. It was found that at high impurity contents (Fe and Si of 0.2 wt.% each), the Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloy with 4.95 wt.% Cu exhibited the poorest hot-tearing resistance, irrespective of the grain refining amount. Microstructural analysis indicated an effective reduction in the grain size, as the Ti additions were increased to 0.02 and 0.1 wt.% Ti via the Al–Ti–B grain refiner. The finest grain size was attained with a 0.1 wt.% Ti. Based on the hot-tearing evaluation, it was found that the additional grain refining via the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy at 0.1 wt.% Ti significantly reduces the hot-tearing susceptibility at Cu contents greater than 7.3 wt.% for ACMZ alloys with low Fe and Si. These findings indicate that the best hot-tearing resistance was observedmore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[2]; Mirmiran, Seyed ^[3]; Glaspie, Christopher ^[3];

^[1];

^[1]; Rodriguez, Andres ^[4]; Gonzales, Alejandro V. ^[4]; Talamantes, Jose ^[4]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles North America, LLC., Auburn Hills, MI (United States)
Nemak, Garza, Garcia Monterrey (Mexico)

Publication Date:: Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1608199

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Metals

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2075-4701

Publisher:: MDPI

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; casting; hot-tearing; aluminum; Al-Cu alloys

Citation Formats


                    Sabau, Adrian, Milligan, Brian K., Mirmiran, Seyed, Glaspie, Christopher, Shyam, Amit, Haynes, James A., Rodriguez, Andres, Gonzales, Alejandro V., and Talamantes, Jose. Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.3390/met10040430.

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                    Sabau, Adrian, Milligan, Brian K., Mirmiran, Seyed, Glaspie, Christopher, Shyam, Amit, Haynes, James A., Rodriguez, Andres, Gonzales, Alejandro V., & Talamantes, Jose. Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3390/met10040430

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                    Sabau, Adrian, Milligan, Brian K., Mirmiran, Seyed, Glaspie, Christopher, Shyam, Amit, Haynes, James A., Rodriguez, Andres, Gonzales, Alejandro V., and Talamantes, Jose. Wed .  
"Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3390/met10040430.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1608199.

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@article{osti_1608199,

  title        = {Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys},

  author       = {Sabau, Adrian and Milligan, Brian K. and Mirmiran, Seyed and Glaspie, Christopher and Shyam, Amit and Haynes, James A. and Rodriguez, Andres and Gonzales, Alejandro V. and Talamantes, Jose},

  abstractNote = {The hot-tearing resistance of Al-Cu-Mn-Zr (ACMZ) alloys was investigated as a step toward introducing these new cast alloys for severe duty, higher-temperature applications, such as cylinder heads for down-sized, turbocharged automotive engines. Alloy Cu compositions were varied from 5 to 8 wt.%. Targeted Ti levels were 0.02, 0.1, and 0.2 wt.% via additions of the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy. Hot-tearing resistance was assessed by visual examination and ranking of the cracking severity in a multi-arm permanent mold casting. It was found that at high impurity contents (Fe and Si of 0.2 wt.% each), the Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloy with 4.95 wt.% Cu exhibited the poorest hot-tearing resistance, irrespective of the grain refining amount. Microstructural analysis indicated an effective reduction in the grain size, as the Ti additions were increased to 0.02 and 0.1 wt.% Ti via the Al–Ti–B grain refiner. The finest grain size was attained with a 0.1 wt.% Ti. Based on the hot-tearing evaluation, it was found that the additional grain refining via the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy at 0.1 wt.% Ti significantly reduces the hot-tearing susceptibility at Cu contents greater than 7.3 wt.% for ACMZ alloys with low Fe and Si. These findings indicate that the best hot-tearing resistance was observed at a grain refiner level of 0.1 wt.% Ti and high Cu content (greater than 7.3 wt.%). This study to indicates that these Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloys, which possess excellent microstructural stability and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, can also possess excellent hot-tearing resistance.},

  doi          = {10.3390/met10040430},

  journal      = {Metals},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 10,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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