NELL2-Robo3 complex structure reveals mechanisms of receptor activation for axon guidance

Pak, Joseph S.; DeLoughery, Zachary J.; Wang, Jing; Acharya, Nischal; Park, Yeonwoo; Jaworski, Alexander; Özkan, Engin

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15211-1

Title: NELL2-Robo3 complex structure reveals mechanisms of receptor activation for axon guidance

Journal Article · 20 March 2020 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15211-1 · OSTI ID:1608059

^[1];

^[2]; Wang, Jing ^[1]; Acharya, Nischal ^[2]; Park, Yeonwoo ^[3];

^[2];

^[1]

Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Grossman Inst. for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior
Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States); Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Inst. for Brain Science, Providence, RI (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)

Axon pathfinding is critical for nervous system development, and it is orchestrated by molecular cues that activate receptors on the axonal growth cone. Robo family receptors bind Slit guidance cues to mediate axon repulsion. In mammals, the divergent family member Robo3 does not bind Slits, but instead signals axon repulsion from its own ligand, NELL2. Conversely, canonical Robos do not mediate NELL2 signaling. Here, we present the structures of NELL-Robo3 complexes, identifying a mode of ligand engagement for Robos that is orthogonal to Slit binding. We elucidate the structural basis for differential binding between NELL and Robo family members and show that NELL2 repulsive activity is a function of its Robo3 affinity and is enhanced by ligand trimerization. Our results reveal a mechanism of oligomerization-induced Robo activation for axon guidance and shed light on Robo family member ligand binding specificity, conformational variability, divergent modes of signaling, and evolution.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1608059

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 11; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: ENGLISH

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Phosphorylation-mediated PTEN conformational closure and deactivation revealed with protein semisynthesis Bolduc, David; Rahdar, Meghdad; Tu-Sekine, Becky eLife, Vol. 2 https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.00691	journal	July 2013
Structural basis of interprotein electron transfer in bacterial sulfite oxidation McGrath, Aaron P.; Laming, Elise L.; Casas Garcia, G. Patricia eLife, Vol. 4 https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.09066	journal	December 2015

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