Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey
Abstract
We study the polarization properties of extragalactic sources at 95 and 150 GHz in the SPTpol 500 deg2 survey. We estimate the polarized power by stacking maps at known source positions, and correct for noise bias by subtracting the mean polarized power at random positions in the maps. We show that the method is unbiased using a set of simulated maps with similar noise properties to the real SPTpol maps. We find a flux-weighted mean-squared polarization fraction $$\langle$$p2$$\rangle$$ = [8.9 ± 1.1] × 10-4 at 95 GHz and [6.9 ± 1.1] × 10-4 at 150 GHz for the full sample. This is consistent with the values obtained for a subsample of active galactic nuclei. For dusty sources, we find 95 percent upper limits of $$\langle$$p2$$\rangle$$95 < 16.9 × 10-3 and $$\langle$$p2$$\rangle$$150 < 2.6 × 10-3. We find no evidence that the polarization fraction depends on the source flux or observing frequency. The 1σ upper limit on measured mean-squared polarization fraction at 150 GHz implies that extragalactic foregrounds will be subdominant to the CMB E and B mode polarization power spectra out to at least ℓ ≲ 5700 (ℓ ≲ 4700) and ℓ ≲ 5300 (ℓ ≲ 3600), respectively, at 95 (150) GHz.
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- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, UK
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Str, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, MS209, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Keck Institute for Space Studies, California Institute of Technology, MS 249-17, 1216 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Program in Cosmology and Gravity, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Str, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Str, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, CA 91711, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 2, Garching bei München D-85748, Germany
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Str, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIFAR Program in Cosmology and Gravity, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W. Green Str, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA, Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, CO 80305, USA, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Str, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr 1, Munich D-81679, Germany, Excellence Cluster Origins, Boltzmannstr. 2, Garching D-85748, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada
- Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, 116 Church Str S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Physics, Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA, Department of Liberal Arts, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, 112 S Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL 60603, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada, Three-Speed Logic, Inc., Vancouver, B.C. V6A 2J8, Canada
- Department of Physics, Center for Education and Research in Cosmology and Astrophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Str, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada, Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Science Foundation (NSF); Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Australian Research Council (ARC)
- Contributing Org.:
- SPT
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1607541
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1556975; OSTI ID: 1634014; OSTI ID: 1737589
- Report Number(s):
- arXiv:1907.02156; FERMILAB-PUB-19-386-AE
Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; PHY-1125897; GBMF 947; AC02-05CH11231; PLR-1248097; AC02-07CH11359
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Volume: 490 Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0035-8711
- Publisher:
- Royal Astronomical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; polarization; galaxies: active; cosmology: observations
Citation Formats
Gupta, N., Reichardt, C. L., Ade, P. A. R., Anderson, A. J., Archipley, M., Austermann, J. E., Avva, J. S., Beall, J. A., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Bianchini, F., Bleem, L. E., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Moran, C. Corbett, Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Dobbs, M. A., Everett, W., Feng, C., Gallicchio, J., George, E. M., Gilbert, A., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Hilton, G. C., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hou, Z., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lowitz, A., Luong-Van, D., Marrone, D. P., McMahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G. I., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Patil, S., Pryke, C., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Switzer, E. R., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J. D., Wang, G., Whitehorn, N., Williamson, R., Wu, W. L. K., Yefremenko, V., and Zhang, L.. Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey. United Kingdom: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2905.
Gupta, N., Reichardt, C. L., Ade, P. A. R., Anderson, A. J., Archipley, M., Austermann, J. E., Avva, J. S., Beall, J. A., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Bianchini, F., Bleem, L. E., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Moran, C. Corbett, Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Dobbs, M. A., Everett, W., Feng, C., Gallicchio, J., George, E. M., Gilbert, A., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Hilton, G. C., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hou, Z., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lowitz, A., Luong-Van, D., Marrone, D. P., McMahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G. I., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Patil, S., Pryke, C., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Switzer, E. R., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J. D., Wang, G., Whitehorn, N., Williamson, R., Wu, W. L. K., Yefremenko, V., & Zhang, L.. Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2905
Gupta, N., Reichardt, C. L., Ade, P. A. R., Anderson, A. J., Archipley, M., Austermann, J. E., Avva, J. S., Beall, J. A., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Bianchini, F., Bleem, L. E., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Moran, C. Corbett, Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Dobbs, M. A., Everett, W., Feng, C., Gallicchio, J., George, E. M., Gilbert, A., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Hilton, G. C., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hou, Z., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lowitz, A., Luong-Van, D., Marrone, D. P., McMahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G. I., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Patil, S., Pryke, C., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Switzer, E. R., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J. D., Wang, G., Whitehorn, N., Williamson, R., Wu, W. L. K., Yefremenko, V., and Zhang, L.. Mon .
"Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2905.
@article{osti_1607541,
title = {Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey},
author = {Gupta, N. and Reichardt, C. L. and Ade, P. A. R. and Anderson, A. J. and Archipley, M. and Austermann, J. E. and Avva, J. S. and Beall, J. A. and Bender, A. N. and Benson, B. A. and Bianchini, F. and Bleem, L. E. and Carlstrom, J. E. and Chang, C. L. and Chiang, H. C. and Citron, R. and Moran, C. Corbett and Crawford, T. M. and Crites, A. T. and de Haan, T. and Dobbs, M. A. and Everett, W. and Feng, C. and Gallicchio, J. and George, E. M. and Gilbert, A. and Halverson, N. W. and Harrington, N. and Henning, J. W. and Hilton, G. C. and Holder, G. P. and Holzapfel, W. L. and Hou, Z. and Hrubes, J. D. and Huang, N. and Hubmayr, J. and Irwin, K. D. and Knox, L. and Lee, A. T. and Li, D. and Lowitz, A. and Luong-Van, D. and Marrone, D. P. and McMahon, J. J. and Meyer, S. S. and Mocanu, L. M. and Mohr, J. J. and Montgomery, J. and Nadolski, A. and Natoli, T. and Nibarger, J. P. and Noble, G. I. and Novosad, V. and Padin, S. and Patil, S. and Pryke, C. and Ruhl, J. E. and Saliwanchik, B. R. and Sayre, J. T. and Schaffer, K. K. and Shirokoff, E. and Sievers, C. and Smecher, G. and Staniszewski, Z. and Stark, A. A. and Story, K. T. and Switzer, E. R. and Tucker, C. and Vanderlinde, K. and Veach, T. and Vieira, J. D. and Wang, G. and Whitehorn, N. and Williamson, R. and Wu, W. L. K. and Yefremenko, V. and Zhang, L.},
abstractNote = {We study the polarization properties of extragalactic sources at 95 and 150 GHz in the SPTpol 500 deg2 survey. We estimate the polarized power by stacking maps at known source positions, and correct for noise bias by subtracting the mean polarized power at random positions in the maps. We show that the method is unbiased using a set of simulated maps with similar noise properties to the real SPTpol maps. We find a flux-weighted mean-squared polarization fraction $\langle$p2$\rangle$ = [8.9 ± 1.1] × 10-4 at 95 GHz and [6.9 ± 1.1] × 10-4 at 150 GHz for the full sample. This is consistent with the values obtained for a subsample of active galactic nuclei. For dusty sources, we find 95 percent upper limits of $\langle$p2$\rangle$95 < 16.9 × 10-3 and $\langle$p2$\rangle$150 < 2.6 × 10-3. We find no evidence that the polarization fraction depends on the source flux or observing frequency. The 1σ upper limit on measured mean-squared polarization fraction at 150 GHz implies that extragalactic foregrounds will be subdominant to the CMB E and B mode polarization power spectra out to at least ℓ ≲ 5700 (ℓ ≲ 4700) and ℓ ≲ 5300 (ℓ ≲ 3600), respectively, at 95 (150) GHz.},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stz2905},
journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
number = 4,
volume = 490,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2019},
month = {10}
}
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2905
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:

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Figures / Tables found in this record: